Index

acquisition, 97, 100, 103-104, 106, 110, 123, 239

GRANITE campaign plans, 111, 248

ADSEC, see U.S. Department of War, Department of the Army, Advance Section, Communications Zone

AFHQ, see Allied Force Headquarters

agriculture, 177-190

productivity of, 185-186, 188
employment in, 57, 63, 64, 186

Agricultural Adjustment Act, 177-178

aircraft, 119-124

Air Corps Act of 1924, 100-101
Air Corps Act of 1926, 121-122
production statistics, 55

Alaska and Pan American Highway, see military related construction

Allied Force Headquarters (AFHQ), 354, 355

amphibious operations, 348-349, 354, 356

Army and Navy Munitions Board, 7, 10, 12, 16, 23-24

Army Corps of Engineers, 199, 202-3, 205, 210, 213-214, 219-223, 230, 239, 252, 253-254, see also military-related construction projects

Army Industrial College, 8, 9,10, 16, 44

Army Service Forces (ASF), 341-342, 356

Arnold, Henry, ("Hap"), 316-317

aviation industry, 20, 83, of car plants

 

Baruch, Bernard, 8, 13, 28, 97, 98, 100, 105, 152, 153, 181

base expansion, 306-308

domestic, 240-241
foreign, 239-244, 251-257, 262-263
history of, 230-238

bases, advance, 235-237,40-241, 242-245, 298, 306-308

Five Power Treaty, 237
Lion, Cub, Oak and Acorn formats of, 243-244
operation plans for, 248-249

bases, floating, 324, 329

bases, seizure of enemy, 257-258

borrowing and deficit spending by government, 163-167

Bradley, Omar, 370, 383

Burke-Wadsworth Bill, 205

Burns, James H., 8-9, 276

Byrnes, James F., 45-46, 50-54, 64, 176

as "assistant president," 45, 49-50, 51-52, 64

Cairo Conference, 332

capital investment, government-backed, 146-8, 150, 208-209, 228, 231,239

Industrial Reserve Act, 151
"Certificates of Necessity," 209
Regulation W, 168

Casablanca Conference, 358-361

CCS, see Combined Chiefs of Staff

Civil Conservation Corps, 197

Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS), 283, 360-361

Commanding General Communications Zone (COMZ), 370, 380-383, 389, 392

COMZ, see Commanding General Communications Zone

contracts, 99, 100, 102-104, 105-106, 109, 111-113, 115-118, 227

cost-plus-a percentage of cost, 99
cost-plus-fixed fee (CPFF), 103, 110, 227, 229-230, 231
Educational Orders Act, 103-104
Emergency Plant Facilities (EPF), 209
Executive Order 9001, 105
Multiple Awards Act, 104
Renegotiation Act 1943, 106
Speed-Up Act, 104

conscription, 205

construction, civilian "Must" program, 227-228

construction, military-related, 204-208, 211,213, 215-217

spending on, 215-217
Alaska and Pan American Highways, 218-223
Manhattan Project, 223-226, 231
Navy Shipyard Superdocks, 217-218
Tenessee Valley Authority, 197, 199, 200-201

consumer goods and credit, 168

Controlled Materials Plan, 38-42

cost of living, "Little Steel" formula, 160-161

Council of National Defense, 18-19

Advisory Commission, 18-19, 20, 21, 22, 23

Crawford, 375

 

Defense Plant Corporation, 209

deferments, 63-65, 186

destroyer-for-bases deal, 271,306

 

Eccles, Henry, 248, 256-257

economy, 45, 58, 61-62, 130, 133, 147-152, see also specific sections of the economy

Eisenhower, Dwight D., 346, 354, 358, 367, 369-70, 384, 385-6

Engineer Special Brigades (ESB), 373-374, 375

ETO, see European Theater of Operations (ETO)

"Europe First" strategy, 298, 303-304

European Theater of Operations (ETO), 339, 340-341, 361-362, 368-369, 391-392

European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA) 345, 357-358, 362-364, 368-370

FECZ, see U.S. Department of War, Department of the Army, Forward Echelon, Communications Zone

Federal Reserve, and monetary policy, 166-170

First United States Army (FUSA), 369, 371, 381

First United States Army Group (FUSAG), 369

Foreign Economic Administration (FEA), 289

force generation, 259-260

force projection, 261-262

Forward Echelon, Communications Zone (FECZ), 369, 389

FUSA, see First United States Army

 

Galbraith, John Kenneth, 156-7, 165

General Max, see price controls,

General Maximum Price Regulation, 156-159, 172, 173; see also price controls

Great Depression, the

building infrastructure during, 196-197
World War lI "benefits" due to, 101-102, 126, 145-146, 179-180, 182

 

Harriman, W. Averell, 274

Henderson, Leon, 19, 25, 228

Hepburn Board, 240-241,298

Hilman, Sidney, 19, 21, 22

Hopkins, Harry, 202, 274, 283

Hull, Cordell, 271,273, 274-5

 

Industrial Mobilization Plan, 11-17

inflation, 155-156

Anti-Inflation Law 160-161
containment results of 170-174

isolationism, 195-196, 201, see also Neutrality Acts of the 1930s

 

Johnson, Hugh, 9

Johnson, Louis A., 17

Johnson Act of 1934, 269

Joint Army-Navy War Plans of 1941, 305

Joint Logistical Plan for the Support of file United States Bases in the South Pacific Area, 312

 

Keynesian economics, 164-166

Knudsen, William S., 19, 20, 22

 

labor, see manpower

landing craft, 348, 360-361

Lee, John C. H., 344-345, 357, 369-370

Lend-Lease program, 105, 108, 126, 285, see also destroyer-for-bases deal, Office of Lend-Lease Administration (OLLA)

agricultural production and the, 178-179, 180, 182-183, 184
beginnings of the, 269
bureaucracy of the, 268-269, 270, 272, 276, 280, 281-282, 288-290, 291-292
China's involvement with the, 281,285

Edward Stettinius and the, 280
FDR's control of, 272, 274, 275-276, 280, 292
Henry Morganthau and the, 272, 275
Harry Hopkins and the, 272, 275
Johnson Act of 1934, 269
main characteristics and design of, 272
Pittman Act, 269
reverse, 273-274, 275
transportation of goods for, 284-285
USSR involvement with the, 252, 279-281,284-287, 290-291
Victory Plan, 26-27, 278-279
W. Averell Harriman and the, 274

 

M-Day, see Mobilization Day

MacArthur, Douglas, 300-302, 312-313, 332-333

Manhattan Project, see military-related construction, 223-6, 231

manpower, 43, 59-66, 73, 76, 77, 193, 230-231

manufacturing, 57, 62-64, 131
military, 205-207
National Defense Act of 1940, 230
skilled, 225-226
National Defense Mediation Board 24

Marshall, George C., 283, 287, 341

Meigs, Merrill C., 24

Military. Railway Service, 389-390

military-related construction, 211, 213-215, 217 (table)

Alaska and Pan American Highways, 218-223
Manhattan Project, 223-226
Navy Shipyard Superdocks, 217-218
mobilization, 80, 82, 175, 198, 238-239
National Defense Act of 1916, 4-5
Protective Mobilization Plan of 1939, 299
statistics of, 83, 85

Mobilization Day (M-Day), 11, 14, 24

monetary policy, 166-170

the Federal Reserve and, 167-169

Montgomery, Bernard, 386-7

Morgan, Frederick, 361

Morgenthau, Henry, 272

Moses, Raymond, 370

Munitions Assignment Board (MAB), 283

Munitions Program of 1940, 204, 2O5

munition statistics, 56, 81, 83, 84-85, 87, 88, 89-93 (charts), 283

 

National Defense Act of 1916, 4-5

National Defense Act of 1940, 230

National Defense Mediation Board, 24

Nelson, Donald, 28, 31, 32, 102, 176, 281-282

difficulties as Chairman of War Production Board, 35-38, 42-43, 44-47, 281-282

Neutrality Acts of the 1930s, 269, 270

Nimitz, Chester, 246-248, 301, 310, 311,324

North African invasion, 352-355

Office of Economic Stabilization, 48-49

Office of Emergency Management, 18

Division of Defense skid Reports, 276, 280

Office of Lend-Lease Administration (OLLA), 280-283, 284, 287

Office of Price Administration (OPA) 156, 159, see also OPACS

Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply (OPACS), 25, 156, 173-174

Office of Production Management (OPM), 22-24, 25, 26, 28, 156, 278-279

and Supply Priorities Allocations Board, 281

Office of War Mobilization, 25, 33, 46 (fn. 2), 121, 147, 176

Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion, see Office of War Mobilization

Operation Anvil, 373

Operation Bolero, 346-348, 349-352, 362

Operation Cartwheel, 323

Operation Gymnast, 352-353

Operation Husky, 360

Operation Overlord, 373-375, 378-379

Omaha Beach, 375-376
Utah Beach, 375-376

Operation Roundup, 348-349, 353

Operation Sledgehammer, 350

Operation Torch, 352-353, 354-358, 361

Operation Watchtower, 313-17

operations, amphibious, 348, 354-356

ordnance,

Army, 113
development of industry, 209-210
tanks, 54-55

ordnance industry, development of, 209-210

 

Pacific Theater,

Australia as anchor of Allied defense in, 304-305
Guadalcanal, 313-17
importance of the various military branches in, 295-296
Iwo Jima and Okinawa, 334-335
Japanese capture of South
Pacific islands, 301-303
Marianas Campaign, 332
Philippines, 297, 333-334
Plan Orange, 297, 302

Pacific Theater logistics,
Japanese, 294, 314
inter-service, 310, 318-322
Operation Watchtower, 313-318
two-ocean war idea, 295

Patterson, Robert P., 226

price controls, 156-159, 160, 170, 173, 184
agricultural opposition to, 180-183
Emergency Price Control Act, 156
ending of, 171-172
General Maximum Price Regulation, 156-159, 172, 173
Hold-The-Line order, 159, 181

procurement, 101-102, 109

Executive Order 6166, 101, 146

Executive Order 9024, 106
National Defense Act of June 1920 5-6, 10

production, 57-58, 72-76, 81, 104-105, 116-117, 118, 125, 128-130, 131, 149, 154, 176, 265

capacity expansion, 130-132, 134-141, 146,
comparison of wartime v. peacetime, 56-57, 132, 133
conversion of factories from cars to munitions, 34-35, 114-117, 132
Defense Plant Corporation (DPC), 209
electricity, 133-134
Henderson-Patterson-Forrestal agreement, 174
priority ranking of military and civilian products, 152-154
raw materials, 132
research and development, 116

Public Works Administration (PWA), 197, 199, 201, 203-204

 

Rainbow Plans, 297, 298, 301-304

Plan Orange, 297, 302

rationing, 159-160

Reconversion of industry during/after WW II, 46, 52-54

Red Ball Express, 389-390

resource scarcities, 228

manpower, 226
raw materials, 65-71, 131, 135, 154, 212, 228
aluminum, 69-70, 140
copper, 70-71
cotton, 136
electricity', 71, 126
oil, 126
lead, 141
lumber, 136
rubber, 66-69, 75, 115, 126, 139-140
steel, 115, 136
textiles, 126

resources, reallocation,

prioritization, and prohibition of, 151-155, 227

 

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 86, 97,

creation/control of government agencies, 15-17, 18-19, 20-21, 22, 25, 26, 31-32, 47, 283, 272, 298. See also Lend-Lease program

 

Selective Service, 104, 105

Services of Supply (SOS), 344-347, 356, 362, 368-370, 392

ships,

attack transport (APAs), 330
attack cargo (AKAs), 330
landing craft, 360-361
landing ship tank (LSTs), 330, 349
Liberty, 100
Merchant Marine Act, 107-108
production of, 72-76, 322-323
United States Maritime Commission, 107-108
warfighting vessels, 108-109, 110

shipbuilding, 106, 110-111

Liberty ships, 108
Merchant Marine Act 1920, 107-108
United States Maritime Commission, 107-108
warfighting vessels,108-109, 110

shipping

merchant, 305-306, 347
shortages of, 329-331,347, 359, 361-362
War Shipping Administration, 306

Somervell, Brehon B., 228, 283-284, 309, 343, 356,359-60

SOS, see Services of Supply

strategic conferences, TRIDENT, QUADRANT, and SEXTANT, 365-367

strategic reach, 194-195, 249, 250-251,262, 307-308

Stettinius, Edward R., 280, 288

subcontracting, 102-103, 123

subsidies, 155, 181

Summerall, Charles P., 6

Supply Priorities and Allocations Board, 28, 29, 30, 31

 

Taft, Robert, 22

tax policy,, 161-166

"Certificates of Necessity," 209

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), 197, 199, 200-201

treasury bills, 168-169

Twelfth Army Group (TUSAG), 381

Tydings Amendment, 186

 

unemployment, 165

U.S. Department of Agriculture, 179

U.S. Department of War, Department of the Army

Advance Section,
Communications Zone, 369, 382, 389
Army Industrial College, 8-10, 16, 44
Army Logistics Organization, 309
Commanding General Communications Zone (COMZ), 370, 380-383, 385,389, 392
Construction Division, 210
Corps of Engineers, 199, 202-203, 205, 210, 213-214, 219-223, 230, 239, 252, 253-254
European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA), 345-346, 357-358, 362-364, 368-370
First United States Army (FUSA), 369, 370-371
First United States Army Group (FUSAG), 369, 370-371
Forward Echelon, Communications Zone (FECZ), 369, 389
logistics personnel shortage, 331
Quartermaster Corps, 204, 207-208, 210, 229-230, 239
Service Forces, 312, 341-342, 356
Services of Supply (SOS), 344-347, 356, 362, 368-370, 392

U.S. Department of the Navy

Bureau of Yards and Docks, 205, 210, 214, 229-230, 241-242, 243
Civil Engineer Corps, 205
Navy Logistics Organization, 309-310
SeaBees, 245-246, 248

United States Marine Corps, 236-239

United States Army Forces in the British Isles, 345

 

Victory Plan, 26-27, 278, 299-300

Vinson, Fred M., 49

Vinson-Trammel Act of 1934, 240

 

wage policy, 158, 160-162, 181

war bonds, 166

War Food Administration, 184

War Industries Administration, 12, 13

War Industries Board, 100-101

War Labor Board, 160-161, 175

War Manpower Commission, 42, 60, 62, 258

War Production Board (WPB), 29-31, 176, 227, 228, 281

Food Requirements Committee, 183-184

War Resources Board, 4, 17, 22, 153

Wedemeyer, Albert, 299

women in industrial production, 25, 77-80

Works Progress Administration (WPA), 197, 201-202, 203

Bureau of Reclamation, 199

War Department's control of Hawaiian, 202-203

civilian construction's view of the, 203-204

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