CONTENTS

	Foreword		v
	The Authors		vi
	Preface		vii
Chapter			Page
PART ONE Opening the Road to China
I.	New Commanders in a Split Theater		3
		The Political and Economic Scene in China	7
		Wedemeyer's Missions and Roles	14
		The U.S. Command Structure in China Theater	19
		The U.S. Projects in China	24
		Sultan's Task	29
		The American Effort in India and Burma	33
		The SOS in India, Fall 1944	36
		Supply Activities in India	40
		Lend-Lease to China	43
II.	Wedemeyer Begins His Work in China		46
		Japanese Plans in American Eyes	46
		The Japanese Side of the Hill	49
		Wedemeyer's Reactions to the Chinese Scene	51
		The Japanese Begin To Threaten	55
		ALPHA: Beginning an Attempt To Save	56
		Chinese Reactions to ALPHA	61
		Strengthening the Chinese Forces	64
		Filling the Gaps in the Chinese Divisions	66
		Plans To Break the Transport Bottleneck	67
		Attempts To Arm Hsueh Yueh	71
		Plans To Use the Chinese Communists	72
III.	Beginning the Fall Campaign in North Burma		77
		The Situation at the Front	77
		Planning the First Directive	81
		Events Cancel the Attack on Rangoon	85
		Allied Land Forces, Southeast Asia	87
		NCAC Prepares To Resume Operations	89
		Logistical Support	96
		Japanese Plans and Preparations	98
		Reopening the Fight	101
		The Attack in the Center	106
		Fighting Around Tonkwa	110
IV.	Breaking the Blockade of China		114
		NCAC Drives Toward China	114
		Attack on Bhamo	118
		Last Days of the Burma Blockade	123
		The End of the Salween Campaign	130
		Opening the Ledo Road	136
V.	The Crest of the Flood in China		142
		Wedemeyer Asks Help From SEAC	142
		Reaching a Decision	145
		Moving Reinforcements to China	147
		Attempts To Reinforce the Kweiyang Area	150
		Wedemeyer Reshapes His Organization	155
		Moving Toward Better Co-ordination	158
		The Japanese Menace at Its Height	164
		Wedemeyer's Views on China's Problems	165
		Cherry Blossom and Sea Wind	169
		The Fourteenth Air Force Versus the Japanese	170
		The Suichuan Operation	176
PART TWO Plans and Preparations for Opening a Port in China
VI.	The MARS Force and the Burma Road		183
		Marsmen Prepare for Battle	183
		Over the Hills and Through the Woods	186
		Harassing Japanese Traffic	190
		The Block Disapproved	199
VII.	Victory in Burma Frees Troops for China		206
		MARS's Last Fight	206
		Clearing Loi-kang Ridge	209
		From Combat to Administration	211
		The British 36th Division Wins Its Hardest Fight	214
		The Burma Campaign Moves Toward a Climax	217
		Slim Wins the Decisive Battle	220
		Reinforcements for China Theater	223
		Lashio and the Reinforcement Problem	226
VIII.	Finding a Way to Advise and Assist		231
		Making Liaison Effective	231
		Working Out the Thirty-six-Division Plan	238
		Food for the ALPHA Soldiers	241
		Carrying Out the Food Program	244
		Problems and Accomplishments of the Food Program	246
		The Student Volunteers	247
		No Arms for the Chinese Communists	249
		Conducting a Straightforward Show	254
		The Problem of French Indochina	259
IX.	Meeting the First Test in China		262
		The Thirty-six Divisions Take Form	262
		Eastern Command's Work Interrupted	269
		The American Share in the Chihchiang Campaign	276
		The Test Successfully Passed	285
X.	Role of the India-Burma Base		291
		A Unified Command Structure	291
		Personnel Management Problems	294
		Social Problems	297
		Preventive Medicine	301
		Reciprocal Aid and Lend-Lease to India	303
		Supply Policies for China Theater Projects	306
		Ports, Pipelines, and Railroads	309
		Operating the Line of Communications to China	313
		The Line of Communications Reappraised	318
		Transferring Support From SEAC to China	321
		The Last Battles in Burma	325
XI.	Preparing a Drive to the China Coast		330
		Plan BETA	330
		Wedemeyer's Visit to Washington	336
		Logistical Obstacles to BETA	340
		SOS Problems and China Operations	346
		The Japanese Save RASHNESS	349
		The Drive to the Sea Moves Off Dead Center	353
		New Commanders for CARBONADO	356
		Preparations To Open a Seaport	360
		Problems of the Ground Line of Communications	363
		Logistical Problems of Fort Bayard	366
XII.	The End of Wedemeyer's Experiment		368
		The Chinese Army, Summer 1945	368
		The School System of the Chinese Training Center	373
		Helping the Chinese SOS	378
		The Communist Problem Emerges Again	381
		The Chinese Reoccupy Their Land	386
		What Are the Problems of a Sudden Peace?	388
		Events in the Pacific Overtake CARBONADO	392
Bibliographical Note			397
Glossary			402
Basic Military Map Symbols			405
Index			409
CHARTS
No.			Page
1.	Tonnage Supplied to China From India-Burma: October 1944-September 1945		14
2.	Organization of U.S. Forces, China Theater: January 1945		20
3.	Allied Chain of Command: November 1944		30
4.	Chinese ALPHA Forces: 36-Division Force		237
5.	Sino-American Liaison System (Schematic)		263
TABLES
1.	Tonnages Delivered by India-China Division, ATC		40
2.	Comparison of Japanese and Chinese Division Firepower		232
3.	U.S. Troop Strengths, China Theater: 1945		258
4.	Vehicle and Cargo Deliveries to China and Burma by Months: 1945		317
5.	Gasoline Deliveries by Pipeline to China		318
6.	Division Training Status: 5 August 1945		372
7.	Chinese Order of Battle: 31 August 1945		382
MAPS
1.	India-Burma Theater, 1944-1945		7
2.	China-Burma-India Line of Communications, July 1945		35
3.	Situation in China, October 1944		48
4.	The ALPHA Plan, November 1944		59
5.	Disposition of Forces, 15 October 1944		76
6.	North Burma Operations, 15 October-31 December 1944		101
7.	Opening the Road to China		124
8.	End of the Salween Campaign, 3 November 1944-27 January 1945		132
9.	The Suichuan Operation, January 1945		177
10.	Securing the Burma Road, January-March 1945		183
11.	The MARS Force, 19 January 1945		191
12.	Offensive of British Fourteenth Army, 12 December 1944-3 May 1945		217
13.	The Chihchiang Campaign, 8 April-7 June 1945		271
ILLUSTRATIONS
Maj. Gen. Albert C. Wedemeyer Arriving at Chungking			5
Terrain in the Kunming Area			11
C-46 of the Air Transport Command			13
Ancient Chinese Villager			17
Maj. Gen. Claire L. Chennault			22
Kunming Airfield			24
India-Based B-29's			25
Y-Force Officers			29
Lt. Gen. Daniel I. Sultan			31
Loading River Boats			36
Loading Boxcars			37
Bulldozer in Operation South of Myitkyina			39
Jorhat Airfield			42
Nationalist Chinese Soldiers			53
Chinese Refugees Evacuating Liuchow			55
General Dorn			61
Lux Convoy			69
Col. David D. Barrett			73
Tank Farm at Myitkyina			78
Second Quebec Conference			83
Bivouac Area of the 475th Infantry			95
Jeep Train on a Narrow-Gauge Line			99
Maj. Gen. Francis W. Festing and General Sultan			103
British Casualties			106
Pack Artillery Troops			107
Field Conference at Sikaw, Burma			111
Christmas Day at Tonkwa			112
General Sultan and General Sun Li-jen			117
Front-Line Position			121
Burmese Idol in Namhkam			128
Two Soldiers			129
Ponton Bridge Over the Irrawaddy River			137
Chinese Coolies Leveling a Roadbed			139
Chinese 22d Division Troops			149
Chinese-American Staff Conference			153
B-29's Head for Rangoon			160
General Wedemeyer Visits Western Command Headquarters			163
Fourteenth Air Force B-24			172
Mule Skinners and Pack Animals			185
Bamboo Bridge Over the Shweli River			188
Marsmen Cut Cross-Country			193
Marsmen on Loi-Kang Ridge			196
Japanese Truck and Tankette			197
Mortar Squad, 124th Cavalry			201
An 81-mm. Mortar Crew			205
Silver Rupees for Battle Damage			213
Allied Leaders Plan Operations			224
Men of the 988th Signal Battalion			229
Chinese Senior Officers			234
Chinese Artillerymen			239
The Honorable Patrick J. Hurley			250
Chinese Mechanics Reassembling Lend-Lease Jeep			256
Chinese Hostel at an American Air Base			257
Col. Emerick Kutschko			265
Col. Woods King			272
Eastern Command Headquarters Conference			277
Chinese New Sixth Army Troops			280
Chinese Boatmen			284
Waiting at Chenyi Airfield			288
P-51's Moving Through the Streets of Karachi			292
Army Air Force Fuel Dump at Assam			312
Brig. Gen. Haydon L. Boatner			315
American Officers, OSS Detachment 101			326
Lt. Gen. Raymond A. Wheeler			328
Meeting at Yalta			331
Soldiers on a Troop Train			341
Maj. Gen. Howard C. Davidson			344
General Tang En-Po			354
The Generalissimo Honors General Chennault			358
Kwangsi Command Headquarters			361
Chinese Army Replacements			370
New Chinese Soldiers			371
Demolitions Class on a Bridge			376
Maj. Gen. Henry S. Aurand			379
Liuchow Airstrip			388
Returning to Liuchow			389

Illustrations are from Department of Defense files.