Index

Abbey of Monte Cassino: 4, 312, 397-418, 434, 436, 440, 445, 448. See also Monte Cassino.
Abdiel, H.M.S.: 95
Acerno: 158-60
Acheson, Maj. Robert B.: 135n
Adams, Capt. Hersel R.: 82, 82n
Adriatic front: 258, 261, 313, 354, 361, 375-76, 402, 419, 433
Adriatic Sea: 6-7, 143, 155, 176, 190, 206, 208, 247
Aegean Sea: 6, 184
Africa. See North Africa; Northwest Africa, campaign in.
Agropoli: 26, 43, 51, 67, 75-80, 99, 109, 126, 130
Ailano: 217
Air, Allied: 14, 59-60, 162, 179-80, 182, 455-56
A-36: 46. See also Airborne operations; Naval attacks support, Allied.
Alife: 212
Cervaro: 310
Frascati: 68
Gustav Line: 315
B-17: 130
B-25: 130, 212
B-26: 130, 239
Beaufighter: 46
bombardment of Monte Cassino: 397-418
bombing of Cassino: 433-48
Combined Bomber Offensive: 19, 19n, 239, 243
cover of amphibious assault areas: 14, 19, 21
cover at Gaeta: 18, 25
cover at Naples: 17-18, 166
cover at Rome: 18
cover at Salerno: 18, 24, 26, 35, 45-46, 87, 91, 102-03
cover in southern France: 176
cover at Taranto: 14
fields: 14, 60
Calabria: 21-22, 46
Capodichino: 166
Corsica and Sardinia: 153, 179
Foggia: 51, 62, 87, 154-55, 170-71, 179-80, 187, 232, 239, 439
Italy: 21, 176-77, 179
Naples: 21, 31, 176, 187
Paestum: 110, 120, 123, 130, 147-48
Pomigliano: 166
Rome: 176, 180, 239, 243
Salerno: 46, 103, 137
Sicily: 7-8, 16-17, 20, 25-26, 46, 120, 124, 146-47
forces: 25, 35, 44-46, 50-52, 120, 147, 181, 186, 238-39, 241, 295
Operation STRANGLE: 437, 451
P-38: 46, 103, 239
P-39: 46
P-40: 46
P-51: 146-47
photographs: 48
Seafire: 147
Spitfire: 46, 87
strategic bombing: 8
Balkans: 7, 17
Germany: 17, 177, 182, 239
Italy: 46, 51, 148, 153
southern France: 153
support: 130-31, 133, 135, 145, 242, 246, 308, 310, 315-16
Anzio: 357-58, 389, 394, 396, 403, 421, 431
AVALANCHE: 36-37, 45-47, 51, 94, 146
Eighth Army: 53, 257, 259
Salerno: 111, 120, 130, 133, 148
Volturno crossings: 213
Winter Line: 262-65, 267-68, 316
supply: 44
tactical planes: 46, 103, 179
Wellington bombers: 120
Air commands and forces, Allied
Army Air Forces Headquarters: 447
British Desert Air Force: 53, 367
Eighth U.S. Air Force: 295
Fifteenth U.S. Air Force: 239, 295, 411n
Mediterranean Air Command: 9, 295, 397, 408, 439
Mediterranean Allied Air Force: 295, 435-36
Mediterranean Allied Strategic Air Force: 437
Ninth U.S. Air Force: 295
North African Air Forces: 51
North African Coastal Air Force: 239
Northwest African Coastal Air Force: 35-36, 179, 436
Northwest African Strategic Air Force: 35, 36, 239, 240n
Northwest African Tactical Air Force: 35, 36, 51, 102-03
Northwest African Tactical Bomber Force: 53
Royal Air Force: 47
Troop Carrier Command: 43-45
Twelfth U.S. Air Force: 239, 295, 411n
U.S. Strategic Air Force in Europe: 295
XII Air Support Command: 35-37
and Cassino: 262-63, 322, 367, 435, 437, 451
and Salerno: 53, 90, 120, 137
2d Bomber Group: 411n

97th Bomber Group: 411n
99th Bomber Group: 411n
301st Bomber Group: 411n
319th Bomber Group: 411n
321st Bomber Group: 411n
340th Bomber Group: 411n
42d Bombardment Wing: 451
57th Bombardment Wing: 451
111th Reconnaissance Squadron: 120, 130, 147-48
Air, German
attacks
Anzio: 359-60, 421, 451-52
Naples: 168
North Africa: 33, 54
Salerno: 87, 102, 106-07, 116, 130, 147-48
Volturno crossings: 200, 202, 213
bases in southern Italy: 18, 46, 51, 87
DO-217 bombers: 107
forces: 22, 51-52, 58, 60, 102
glider bombs: 106, 116
HE-111 bombers: 107
radio-controlled bombs: 148
reconnaissance: 67
rocket bombs: 106, 148
superiority: 59, 242
supply: 98
support of ground troops: 192
Air, Italian: 52, 62, 184
Airborne divisions. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Airborne operations: 23, 43-46, 122-24, 126-27, 131-32, 137, 145, 236, 356-57
Ajaccio: 153
AK: 48
AKA: 53, 101
Alban Hills: 242, 293-94, 353-56, 361-64, 367, 385, 389-92, 426-28
Albanella: 43, 90, 99, 109, 113, 127, 133-34, 136, 151
Albanella Station: 111
Albaneta Farm: 383
Albania: 176-77
Albano: 356, 359, 365, 385-87, 390, 394, 419-20, 430
Aleutian Islands: 255
Alexander, General Sir Harold R. L. G.: 4, 9, 9n. See also Allied commands and forces, 15th Army Group.
and Allied strategy: 175, 180, 185-88, 233, 237, 242, 253-54
and Anzio: 293-303, 313, 352-53, 355, 386, 388, 390-91, 393, 396, 424-29, 455
and AVALANCHE: 16, 19, 22-23, 34-39, 44
and Cassino: 349, 367, 376-78, 383, 399, 402, 404-07, 433, 439, 444-45, 447, 449
and Rome: 257-58, 261-62, 264, 276
and Salerno: 90, 101, 118-19, 121-23, 130-31, 138-41, 143, 149-50
beyond Salerno: 154, 158, 162
and SLAPSTICK: 94
Algeria: 28-29
Algiers
Eisenhower's headquarters: 8, 9n, 54, 151, 162, 185
planning for AVALANCHE: 37, 37n
planning for SHINGLE: 299-300, 303
port operations: 47, 50
and USS Ancon: 110, 124
Alife: 212-13
Allen, Brig. Gen. Frank A., Jr.: 306, 308, 309, 411, 438, 445
Allfrey, Lt. Gen. Sir Charles: 95. See also British Army commands and forces, 5 Corps.
Allied Air Forces. See Air, Allied.
Allied commands and forces
Allied Central Mediterranean Forces: 404
Allied Force Headquarters (AFHQ): 9, 9n, 162, 186, 236
and Anzio: 240, 243, 294, 299-300, 303, 397
and AVALANCHE: 33-34, 36-37, 41, 44, 46-47
and eastern Mediterranean: 184
and Italian troops: 185
and Naples: 167
post-Sicily planning: 13, 29, 175, 178
and Salerno: 101
15th Army Group: 34, 54, 180, 236, 433. See also Alexander, General Sir Harold R. L. G.
and Anzio: 240, 261
and AVALANCHE: 37, 41, 139-40
and BAYTOWN: 47, 53
and bombing of Monte Cassino: 411
headquarters in Italy: 207
and Sicily Campaign: 16
18 Army Group: 9
Alps: 7-8, 60, 62, 65, 175-76, 178, 181, 243
Altavilla: 48, 101, 103-09, 113-17, 125-26, 130, 134-37, 145-46
Alvignano: 211-12
Amalfi: 26, 91, 136
Amorosi: 192, 201
Amphibious warfare
Anzio: 293-304, 352-65, 392-93, 449-55
AVALANCHE: 18-21, 25-28, 38-41, 47-57
plans: 179-80, 220, 236-43, 247-48, 258, 288-89
at Salerno: 73-96, 99-117, 137-38, 145-48
at Termoli: 170-71
Ancon, USS: 54, 107-10, 124
Ancona: 176-77, 180, 182, 187, 243
Andrews, Capt. Charles L., Jr.: 54
ANVIL: 248, 299, 301-03, 330, 352, 449-50
Anzio: 179, 246, 445
Allied decision: 293-304
change in Allied command: 424-29
difficulties of landing: 238
effect on main front: 332, 340, 374-78, 401, 403, 433
the German counterattack: 419-23

landings: 352-67
last German attack: 429-32
opening battles: 385-96
operation order: 242
preliminaries: 305-06, 313-14, 320-22, 330
problem of the link-up: 326-27, 436, 438
results of the landing: 449-56
AP: 48
APA: 53, 101
Apennine Mountains: 44, 60-66, 155, 179, 182-83, 186, 188, 244, 376, 402, 433, 449
Appian Way: 242. See also Highway 7.
Aprilia: 387-88, 394-96, 419
Apulia: 29, 41, 63-68, 94-97, 131-33, 136, 141, 154, 176, 183
Armies, British. See under British Army commands and forces.
Armies, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Armor units, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Arnold, General Henry H.: 13, 417, 435-36, 446-47
Artillery units, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Assault shipping. See Landing craft and ships.
Atina: 268, 288, 313
Atlantic, battle of the: 59
Atlantic Wall: 245
Auletta: 138, 140, 155
Aurora, H.M.S.: 107, 119
Aurunci Mountains: 242
Austria: 60, 171
AVALANCHE: 7-9, 18-40, 42, 44-49, 53, 93-95, 102, 116, 118, 120, 122, 130, 138, 152, 154, 166
Avellino: 123, 131-32, 157-58, 161-62, 165
Avezzano: 241-43, 257, 432

Badoglio, Maresciallo d'Italia Pietro: 20, 24, 61, 65, 184, 253
Bailey bridging: 119, 159, 186
Balck, Generalleutnant Hermann: 85-86, 106, 117, 129
Balkans
and Allied strategy: 6-8, 17, 171, 175-77, 243, 247, 297, 455
and German strategy: 59-60, 62-64, 66, 182-84, 246, 361, 454
Balloons, barrage. See Barrage balloons.
Barbara Line: 207-08, 215, 217, 219, 220
Bari: 94, 133, 138, 154-55, 186
Barnes, Lt. Comdr. Stanley M.: 54
Barrage balloons: 3, 26
Battipaglia: 156, 158, 162-63
in AVALANCHE planning: 43, 100, 120
battles for: 90-91, 97, 103-06, 109-10, 112-13, 129-30, 133-34, 136-37, 145-46
bombing of: 148
BAYTOWN
destruction of: 146
and AVALANCHE: 23, 39, 122, 138
the operation: 53
planning: 41-42
and SLAPSTICK: 154
Beaufighter: 46
Bellelli Palace: 111
Benedictine abbey. See Abbey of Monte Cassino; Monte Cassino.
Benevento: 87, 157, 162, 166, 188, 194
Bengal, Bay of: 181
Berlin: 414
Bernhard Line
battles of: 222-25, 233, 235, 241, 248, 261
description of: 207-08
plans for: 155, 182-83, 191, 399
Berry, Maj. Jack S.: 330, 337, 339, 343
Bertholf, Col. Cheney L.: 30n
Bessel, Generalmajor Hans: 183, 224
Biferno River: 155-56, 170-71, 179-81, 187
Biscayne, USS: 124-25, 356, 358, 386
Bivio Cioffi: 106-08, 126
Bizerte: 37-38, 45, 47, 50, 53, 54, 241
Bjorklund, 1st Lt. Arnold L.: 114n
Blackburn, Cpl. Edgar L.: 81
Boatner, Col. Mark M.: 405
Bombers. See under Air, Allied.
Borghese, Prince, palace of, at Anzio: 391
Bowman, Brig. Gen. Frank O.: 330
Bradley, Maj. Gen. Omar N.: 30, 149, 158
Brann, Brig. Gen. Donald W.: 30n
and amphibious operations: 237
and Anzio: 300-302, 356, 367, 386
and bombing of Cassino: 435
and bombing of Monte Cassino: 404, 406
and San Pietro: 277
Brereton, Maj. Gen. Lewis H.: 295
BRIMSTONE: 29
Brindisi: 41, 94-95, 133, 152, 184
Britain. See United Kingdom.
British Army commands and forces
Coldstream Guards: 288
Commando Force: 236, 288
and Anzio: 302, 353, 359
and AVALANCHE: 22, 33-34, 43, 53
at Foggia: 170
at the Garigliano: 316
at Salerno: 91, 97
Eighth Army: 34, 186, 188, 217, 224, 237, 251, 418. See also Montgomery, Sir Bernard L.
and Anzio: 313, 276
and AVALANCHE: 25, 37-39, 41, 43, 118-19, 133-35, 137-42
and BAYTOWN: 22-23, 52-53, 67
and Cassino: 378, 402, 433, 449
change of commanders: 295
and Foggia: 154-58, 162, 166, 170-71, 190, 232

and Rome: 240, 257-59, 261-62
and the Sangro River: 206, 233, 235, 257-59
and the Sicily Campaign: 16
and SLAPSTICK: 94-96
Royal Artillery: 53
Scots Guards: 288
Supply Agency: 46
21 Army Group: 295
5 Corps: 11, 18, 29, 95
Adriatic front: 155, 170-71, 232-33, 257, 433
10 Corps. See also McCreery, Lt. Gen. Sir Richard L.
and Anzio: 355, 360, 392
and AVALANCHE: 29, 31, 33-34, 38-39, 42-43, 45, 47, 56
and Cassino: 366, 374-76, 381, 433-34
crossing the Garigliano: 315-16, 318, 320, 332, 347, 349-50
drive to Naples: 158, 162, 164, 166, 169
at the Gustav Line: 305-06, 313
post-Sicily planning: 10-12, 18, 21-24
Salerno landings: 73-74, 89-91, 95-97, 99-108, 111-12, 115-16, 121-24, 129-31, 136-37, 148-49
the Volturno crossings: 186, 188, 193-94, 196, 203, 205, 207
in the Winter Line: 214-15, 217, 219, 226, 238, 251-52, 260-63, 281, 288
13 Corps: 53, 155, 170-71, 232-33, 433
30 Corps: 295
30 Corps Artillery: 53
1st Airborne Division: 31, 35, 41, 44, 54, 94-95, 119, 154
7th Armoured Division: 31, 34, 43
drive to Naples: 163-66
Salerno landings: 118, 130, 134, 136
Volturno crossings: 203-05
in the Winter Line: 214-15, 251
1st Division: 240, 251
Anzio: 363, 376, 386-94, 396, 421
5th Division: 53, 137, 140-42, 155
Foggia: 171
Winter Line: 233, 251, 313, 315-16, 320, 376
46th Division
AVALANCHE: 31, 43, 46, 53
drive to Naples: 162-64
at the Garigliano: 313, 320, 325, 327-28, 338
Salerno landings: 91, 97, 129, 134, 136-37
Volturno crossings: 203-05
Winter Line: 214-15, 235, 251, 262-63
56th Division
Anzio: 393, 396, 420-21
AVALANCHE: 31, 34, 43, 53
drive to Naples: 162, 164-66
at the Garigliano: 313, 316, 320
Salerno landings: 90, 97, 110, 129, 134, 136-37
Volturno crossings: 203-05
Winter Line: 214-15, 226, 229, 233, 235, 251, 262-63, 267
78th Division: 94, 155
and Cassino: 378, 402, 418, 434-35
Sangro River: 257-59
Termoli: 170-71
Winter Line: 232-33
23d Armoured Brigade: 163-65, 313
British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC): 140
British Chiefs of Staff (COS): 4, 13, 296-97, 449-50
British Commonwealth of Nations: 9
Britt, Capt. Maurice L.: 230n
Brooke, General Sir Alan: 4, 8, 10, 34, 296, 425
Build-up in Italy
and Anzio: 363, 386-89, 395-96, 425, 450-51
plans: 14-18, 27-28, 46-48
and Salerno: 100-102, 116, 119-25, 130, 145
beyond Salerno: 154-55, 168-70, 185-87
winter campaign: 235-36, 238-42, 252-56
Bulgaria: 240n
Burma: 18, 20
Bushrod Washington: 130, 148
Butchers, Lt. Col. Ralph J.: 342
Butler, Brig. Gen. Frederic B.: 372
BUTTRESS: 24, 38

Caesar Line: 432
Caffey, Brig. Gen. Benjamin F., Jr.: 231
Cagliari: 152
Caiazzo: 190, 196, 200-202, 206, 210-11
Cairo: 9n, 246, 248, 367, 371-73
Cairo Conference: 294-96, 298
Calabria: 29, 31, 34
AVALANCHE: 18, 21-23, 38, 46, 107, 118-19, 127, 136
BAYTOWN: 41-43, 53, 57, 93-96, 138, 141-43
German defense of: 62-68, 93-96, 98, 102, 114, 182
post-Sicily planning: 10-11, 14, 16
SLAPSTICK: 154-55
Calabritto: 263
Calore River (tributary of the Sele River): 26, 51, 90, 103-06, 108-11, 114-16, 118, 123, 125, 129-30, 134, 137, 145
Calore River (tributary of the Volturno River): 192, 194-96, 213
Campania: 25, 188
Campobasso: 285n
Campoleone: 387, 389-92, 394, 396, 427
Canadian Army forces: 236, 255
I Canadian Corps: 396, 433
1st Canadian Division: 53, 140, 154-55, 170-71, 259
Canadian-U.S. force
1st Special Service Force: 236, 255
and Anzio: 374, 386, 393, 431
mountain warfare: 265-67, 286, 306-07

Canaris, Admiral Wilhelm: 319
Cancello: 166
Cancello ed Arnone: 203-04
Cannavinelle Hill: 222, 226, 229-30, 270-71, 275, 281
Cannon, Maj. Gen. John K.: 295
Capaccio: 90
Capodichino airfield: 166
Capri: 18, 367
Capua: 44, 122, 126, 156-57, 166, 187-92, 196, 203-05, 253
Carpenter, 1st Lt. Clair F.: 81
Carter, Lt. Col. Paul D.: 338
Carthage: 237, 240
Casa Vannula: 84
Casablanca Conference: 4, 18
Cascano: 214-15
Caserta: 166, 170, 187-88, 197, 386
Cassibile: 37n
Cassino: 220, 247, 273, 310, 390, 398-99, 456
and Anzio: 302, 387, 395-96
battles for: 246, 322, 366-84, 402-03
bombardment of: 263, 322, 398, 404, 409, 417-18, 432-50
and the Gustav Line: 155, 178, 207, 231, 260-61, 286, 312-13, 325, 340, 348-49
on the road to Rome: 188, 191, 215, 226, 241, 257, 270-71, 293-94, 306, 315, 318
Castel Volturno: 192, 203
Castellammare: 53, 67, 86, 122, 163, 169
Castrovillari: 67, 96, 119, 127, 138
Catanzaro: 67-68, 96, 119, 141
Caucasus: 59
Cedro Hill: 305-06, 310
Ceppagna: 222, 231, 270-75, 279-80, 283, 285, 307, 438
Cervaro: 305-08, 310, 413
Charybdis: 57
Chavasce, Captain: 138
Chief of the Imperial General Staff: 4. See also Brooke, General Sir Alan.
Chiefs of Staff. See British Chiefs of Staff; Combined Chiefs of Staff; Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Chicti: 257
Childers, 2d Lt. Ernest: 159n
China: 20
Chiunzi pass. See Monte di Chiunzi.
Churchill, Winston S.: 4
and Anzio: 296-98, 302-04, 352-53
desire for Rome: 185
and Mediterranean strategy: 247-48
trip to Algiers: 8, 10
Cisterna: 209, 354, 364, 385, 387, 389-92, 420, 427, 430-32
Civitavecchia: 179, 187, 243, 365, 393
Clark, Lt. Gen. Mark W.: 28. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, Fifth Army.
and amphibious operations: 236-38, 242-43
and Anzio: 293-305, 310, 313-14, 320, 352-56, 386-97, 425-29, 499-50
and AVALANCHE: 29-32, 34-37, 39-40, 43-44, 50, 54, 56
and the bombardment of Monte Cassino: 403-04, 406-07, 409, 417
and Cassino: 366-67, 372, 374-75, 377-78, 381, 383, 434, 438-39, 441, 444, 447
and Dawley: 148-52
and Eighth Army: 135, 137-41
and the French: 253-54
halts offensive: 248
and Kesselring: 143
and mountain warfare: 217, 229, 233, 252, 264-65, 269
and Naples: 154, 157, 160-64, 166
operations instructions: 260-62, 289
and the Rapido crossings: 326-28, 330, 332, 340, 347-49, 351
and Rome: 185
at Salerno: 3, 84, 87, 90, 93, 99-101, 106, 108, 110-12, 115-16, 119-27, 130-31, 133
and San Pietro: 273, 276-77
and Sardinia: 11
and Taranto: 12
and the Volturno crossings: 188, 193-94, 205, 207, 210, 220-21
Colli: 220, 268
Colli Laziali: See Alban Hills.
Comando Supremo. See under Italian Army commands and forces.
Combined Bomber Offensive: 19, 19n, 239, 243
Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS): 4, 4n, 9n, 19n, 397, 450
and AVALANCHE: 7-9, 10, 13-21, 24, 39, 93, 116, 120, 130
and Mediterranean theater: 175-76, 178, 180-81, 184, 236, 240-43, 246, 248, 255
and SHINGLE: 293-94, 296-97, 303
Comiso: 131-32
Commander in Chief, Allied Force: 9. See also Eisenhower, General Dwight D.
Commander in Chief, French Forces in North Africa: 12. See also Giraud, General Henri Philippe.
Commander in Chief, Mediterranean: 9. See also Cunningham, Admiral Sir Andrew B.; Cunningham, Admiral Sir John.
Commander in Chief, South. See German commands and forces, Oberbefehlshaber Sued; Kesselring, Generalfeldmarschall Albert.
Commanding General, Army Air Forces: 13. See also Arnold, General Henry H.
Coningham, Air Marshal Sir Arthur: 35
Conner, Brig. Gen. Fox: 150
Constantine: 37
Corps, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.

Corsica
Allied airfields: 300, 439
and Allied strategy: 6-16, 19, 21, 176-79
French occupation: 152-53
German airfields: 52, 102
and German strategy: 63, 65-66
use in deception plans: 48
Cos: 184
Cowles, Brig. Gen. Miles A.: 83-84
Crawford, Pvt. William J.: 114n
Crete: 402
Cross-Channel attack
and Anzio: 294-300, 303, 352-53, 364
build-up: 33n, 181, 236
and German defenses: 235, 257
and Mediterranean strategy: 4-6, 11, 13-14, 17-18, 20, 175, 177, 242-48, 262, 449-50, 453-56
and strategic bombardment: 239
Crotone: 11, 14, 18-19, 119, 155
Crowder, 1st Lt. Herman R., Jr.: 445-46
Cunningham, Admiral Sir Andrew B.: 9, 19, 34-37, 107, 119, 125
Cunningham, Admiral Sir John: 295, 297, 299, 303, 355
Czechoslovakia: 7

Dalmatia: 60
Danube: 7
Dapino, Comandante di Brigata Vincenzo: 253, 275-76
Darby, Col. William O.: 33n, 73-74, 100, 136-37, 163-64, 358, 390, 423. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, Ranger Force.
Davidson, Maj. Gen. Garrison: 298
Dacis, Cpl. Royce C.: 79, 79n
Dawley, Maj. Gen. Ernest J.: 31, 31n, 32. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, VI Corps.
AVALANCHE planning: 50, 56
command: 149-52
at Salerno: 83-85, 87, 90, 100, 106, 108-09, 111-12, 114, 116, 120, 123n, 125-26, 134-35, 137
Deception plans: 48, 54
Deputy Commander in Chief, Allied Force: 9, 9n. See also Alexander, General Sir Harold R. L. G.
Devers, Lt. Gen. Jacob L.: 294, 303, 395n, 408-09, 425-27, 439, 447, 450
Diamante: 142
Diamare, Archbishop Don Gregorio: 399, 401, 407, 409, 414-15
Dieppe: 33
Dill, Field Marshal Sir John: 236
Dimoline, Brig. Harry K.: 416
Divisions, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Dodecanese Islands: 184, 247
Dody, Maj. Gen. Andre W.: 254-55, 314
Doolittle, Maj. Gen. James: 295
Dragoni: 208-13, 219, 219, 270
DRAGOON: 299. See also ANVIL.
DUKW's
and Anzio: 317, 320, 355
and AVALANCHE: 38, 47-48, 73, 75, 80-81, 87, 89, 92-93
and Naples: 168-69
Dunham, Maj. Don B.: 135n
Dunkerque: 113
Durazzo: 177

Eagles, Maj. Gen. William W.: 252, 421, 423. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 45th Infantry Division.
Eaker, Lt. Gen. Ira C.: 295, 408-09, 417, 436-37, 439, 446-47, 451
Eastern Front: 6-7, 10, 16, 24, 64, 191, 224, 233, 235, 246-47, 257-58, 455
Eboli: 106, 127, 158, 162
Allied plans for: 100, 103-04
battles for: 108, 113-14, 136-38
bombardment of: 130, 148
Egidio: 161
Egypt: 4, 34, 155, 180, 296
Eighth Army, British. See British Army commands and forces.
Eisenhower, General Dwight D.: 9, 9n, 31n
and Anzio: 293-97, 300, 352, 397, 429
and AVALANCHE: 28-30, 33-41, 44, 54-55
post-Sicily planning: 9-25
and Salerno: 93, 116, 120, 122, 130, 133, 136, 140, 142, 147, 149-53
beyond Salerno: 158
and SLAPSTICK: 94
and strategy for Italy: 175, 177-78, 180-81, 184-86, 236-37, 239-42, 240n, 247-48, 252-53, 255
El 'Alamein: 180, 443
Engineer units, U.S.: See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
England. See United Kingdom.
Enfemia, Gulf of: 18
European Theater of Operations, U.S. Army. See U.S. Army commands and forces, European Theater of Operations, U.S. Army.

Faicchio: 213
Fantastique: 153
Felber, Lt. Col. Joseph G.: 279-80
Ferris, Pvt. Richard: 82, 82n
Fifth U.S. Army. See U.S. Army commands and forces, Fifth Army.
Filignano: 268
1st Special Service Force. See Canadian-U.S. force.
Flying Fortress: 21n
Foggia: 257
airfields: 51, 62, 87, 170, 179-80, 187, 232, 239, 439
Allied objective: 94, 152, 154-57, 170-71
German defense of: 67, 131, 136, 161, 183

Formia: 237
Forsythe, Col. John D.: 83, 107, 134
France: 34, 253. See also Southern France.
and cross-Channel invasion: 5-6
German defense of: 59, 235, 242-43, 245, 364
German occupation of: 7, 60, 67, 102, 363
Frascati: 68
Frazior, Maj. David M.: 336, 343
Frederick, Col. Robert T.: 255, 266, 286, 306-07. See also Canadian-U.S. force, 1st Special Service Force.
French Army commands and forces
and Corsica: 14, 19, 153
Expeditionary Corps: 254, 289
and the Gustav Line: 305-06, 313, 347, 366, 371, 373-74, 418, 433
in North Africa: 9, 15n, 47, 176
use in Italy: 181, 236, 241, 249-51, 253, 253n
3d Algerian Division: 253-54, 289, 306, 313-14, 372-74
2d Moroccan Division: 253-55, 269, 288, 306, 313-14, 418
4th Moroccan Mountain Division: 418
Base 901: 254
French Morocco: 4, 28-29
Freyberg, Lt. Gen. Sir Bernard
and attack on Cassino: 378, 384
and bombardment of Monte Cassino: 402-03, 408-09, 417
and bombing of Cassino: 434-35, 437-39, 442-45
Friello Hill: 219
Fries, Generalmajor Walter: 67, 98
Frosinone: 225, 241-43, 257, 260, 262, 293-94, 305-06, 314, 321, 374, 398

Gaeta: 26, 57, 66-68, 97, 182, 220, 262, 303
beaches of: 25
Gaeta, Gulf of: 18, 25, 54, 67-68, 97, 237
Gallagher, Col. Leonard B.: 328, 341-42
Gallo: 217
Garda, Lake: 63
Gardiner, Col. William T.: 44
Gari River: 310-11, 320, 322, 346
Garigliano River: 188, 190, 228, 237
assault crossings: 260-62, 305-07, 310-15, 325-28, 349
bridgehead: 340, 347, 360-61, 366, 374-76
defenses of: 192, 219, 271, 350, 392
Fifth Army objective: 205-08, 214-15, 226, 233, 294
raid at mouth: 238, 288
Gavin, Col. James M.: 164
Genoa: 45, 176, 361
German Air Forces. See under Air, German.
German commands and forces
Army Group B: 64, 66, 137, 182, 220, 244-45
Army Group C: 245
Berlin-Spandau Infantry Lehr Regiment: 419-20
Fourteenth Army: 312, 319, 361, 364, 389, 394, 419-20
Hermann Goering Division: 67-68
and Anzio: 361, 363-64, 391, 420, 430-31
and Salerno landings: 86, 97-98, 103, 116, 127, 133-34
in the Winter Line: 144, 156, 190, 200, 224-25, 229, 233, 289, 313, 315, 319
Luftflotte 2: 60, 102, 106
Oberbefeldshaber Sued (OB SUED). See also Kesselring, Generalfeldmarschall Albert.
defense of Italy: 60, 67, 69
and Salerno: 85, 98-99, 117, 135-36
and the Winter Line: 220, 224, 233, 312
Oberkommando des Heeres (OKH): 58, 228
Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL): 58
Oberkommando der Kriegsmarine (OKM): 58
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW): 58, 60-66, 156, 182-83, 243-44, 273, 365, 414
Tenth Army
defense of southern Italy: 64-69
in the Gustav Line: 307, 312, 318-19, 339, 360, 364, 386, 389, 400, 419, 432-33, 448
at Salerno: 85, 97-99, 102, 106, 114, 116, 131, 133, 135-37, 144, 147
the Volturno crossings: 190, 192
in the Winter Line: 208, 220, 224-25, 231, 233, 258, 273, 289
withdrawal from Salerno: 155-56, 182-83
LXXXVII Corps: 64
XI Flieger Corps: 67-68
LI Mountain Corps: 64n
XIV Panzer Corps
defense of Italy: 67-68
in the Gustav Line: 324, 338, 347, 375, 400, 407, 414, 448
and Salerno landings: 85, 93, 96-98, 106, 114, 117, 127, 130, 135
Volturno crossings: 156, 190, 195, 200, 205-07, 215, 220
in the Winter Line: 224, 233, 235, 258, 301, 307, 312, 315
LXXVI Panzer Corps
in Calabria: 67-68
and Salerno landings: 93, 96, 98, 112-114, 117, 127, 130, 133, 135
in the Winter Line: 156, 190-91, 206, 208, 220, 224, 232-35, 258, 375, 419
I Parachute Corps: 312, 318-19, 361, 364, 419
II SS Panzer Corps: 64n
23d Division: 289
44th Division: 64n
at Cassino: 306, 315, 375-76
in the Winter Line: 258, 268, 288-89
65th Division: 64n, 191, 206, 224, 233
and Anzio: 361, 363, 365, 394, 419, 421
in the Winter Line: 258, 289
71st Division: 361, 363, 315, 375-76
76th Division: 64

85th Division: 418
92d Division: 361
94th Division: 64n, 191, 220, 224, 233, 289
at the Garigliano: 316, 318, 320, 350, 375
305th Division: 64n, 191, 220, 224, 233, 268, 289, 315
345th Division: 289
362d Division: 361, 363, 419, 430-31
382d Division: 289
715th Division: 361, 391, 394, 396, 419, 421, 431
114th Jaeger Division: 313, 361, 419, 421
5th Mountain Division: 376
16th Panzer Division: 67-68
and Salerno landings: 78-79, 85-86, 91, 93, 96-98, 103-04, 113, 127, 129, 134, 143-44
in the Winter Line: 156, 171, 190-91, 233, 258
24th Panzer Division: 64n
26th Panzer Division: 67-68
and Anzio: 361, 419, 423, 430-31
and Salerno landings: 96, 98, 127, 133-34, 136, 139
in the Winter Line: 144, 156, 190, 195, 224, 231, 233, 258, 289
3d Panzer Grenadier Division: 67
and Anzio: 361, 364-65, 375-76, 394, 419
and Salerno landings: 97, 117, 134
and Volturno crossings: 156, 190-91, 201
in the Winter Line: 201, 223-24, 229-31, 233, 271, 273, 289
15th Panzer Grenadier Division: 67-68
in the Gustav Line: 306, 315, 322, 339, 346, 375
at Salerno: 80, 97-98, 117, 134, 156
at the Volturno: 205
in the Winter Line: 224-25, 228-29, 233, 267, 289
29th Panzer Grenadier Division: 67
and Anzio: 363, 419, 423, 430
and Cassino: 375-76
and Salerno landings: 96, 98, 107, 113, 129, 130, 144
in the Winter Line: 156, 190, 211, 223, 225, 233, 273, 284-85, 288-89, 318
90th Panzer Grenadier Division: 152, 258-59, 313, 318, 376, 413-14
1st Parachute Division
and Anzio: 361
at Cassino: 376, 442, 448
near Foggia: 64, 67, 95, 97, 131, 136, 155-56, 170
in the Winter Line: 190, 192, 224, 233, 258, 289
2d Parachute Division: 67
4th Parachute Division: 318, 361, 419-20
7th Parachute Division: 289
1st SS Panzer Division: 64n
16th SS Panzer Grenadier Division: 313, 361, 431
71st Projector Regiment: 443
German High Command. See German commands and forces, Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.
German naval command in Italy: 68-69
Germany: 3, 363
Allied bombing of: 7-8, 17, 19n, 60, 171, 176, 179
and Allied invasion of Corsica and Sardinia: 6
and cross-Channel attack: 5
Gibraltar: 4, 66
Gibson, Tech. 5 Eric G.: 391n
Giles, Maj. Gen. Barney: 446-47
Gioia, Gulf of: 18, 22
Giraud, General Henri Philippe: 12, 152-53, 253
Goebbels, Paul: 415
Gonzales, Sgt. Manuel S.: 78, 78n
Graham, Lt. Col. Samuel S.: 78, 78n
Grazzanise: 190, 203-05, 214
Great Britain: See United Kingdom.
Greece: 7, 62, 176-77, 182, 184, 240n
Gruenther, Maj. Gen. Alfred M: 30n, 237, 320, 326, 355, 375
and Anzio: 299-303, 393-94
and AVALANCHE: 37n
and Monte Cassino: 397, 403-06
and Salerno landings: 101n, 116
Guerrillas. See Partisan forces.
Guingand, Maj. Gen. Francis de: 141, 259-60
Gustav Line: 155, 241, 293, 450, 454
and Anzio: 294, 340, 352-55, 358, 361, 363-66, 380, 392, 425, 427-28, 433-34
battles of: 248, 318-19, 325, 349, 372, 374-76, 417-18, 444-45
construction of: 224, 261, 311-14, 399-401
defense of: 233, 235, 307, 339, 432, 448
German strategy: 208

Hall, Rear Adm. John L., Jr.: 35, 45, 56
Hammack, Lt. Col. Louis A.: 80
Hansborough, Lt. Col. John W.: 404, 435
Harding, Lt. Gen. Sir John: 404-06
Harmon, Maj. Gen. Ernest N.: 32, 236, 438. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 1st Armored Division.
Harpel, Pfc. Harry C.: 79, 79n
Hauser, Generalmajor Wolf-Ruediger D.: 394
Hawkesworth, Maj. Gen. J. L. T.: 91, 320, 328
Hawks, Pfc. Lloyd C.: 391n
Heel of Italy. See Apulia.
Heidrich, Generalmajor Richard: 95, 156
Herr, General der Panzertruppen Traugott: 67, 112-14, 117, 127, 129, 133
Hess, Brig. Gen. Walter W., Jr.: 348
Hewitt, Vice Adm. H. Kent
and AVALANCHE: 34-36, 45, 54
at Salerno: 84, 87, 90, 100, 102-03, 107, 110, 119-20, 124-26, 151
Highway 5: 241-42, 277

Highway 6: 308
and Anzio: 305, 354, 385
and the Bernhard Line: 226, 229-31, 241-42, 260-61, 270-73
and Cassino: 310, 314, 322, 378, 383, 434-35, 437, 443-44
and San Pietro: 277, 279, 284-86
and the Volturno crossings: 188, 196, 210, 214, 219-20, 222
Highway 7
and Anzio: 293, 354, 385, 387, 390-92
mountain warfare: 157, 188, 214-15, 242, 315, 320
Highway 18: 89, 91, 112, 125
Highway 19: 104-05, 108, 137
Highway 85: 188, 215, 220-22
Highway 87: 198, 200
Highway 91: 104
Hilary: 124
Hill, Col. William H.: 303
Hill 56: 367, 372-73
Hill 140: 83
Hill 213: 367, 371-73, 377
Hill 312: 370
Hill 424: 103-04, 107, 109, 113, 134
Hill 950: 274-77
Hill 960: 266-67
Hill 963: 262-63
Hill 1109: 307
Hill 1205: 274-77, 279-80
Hill 1270: 307
Hiller, Sgt. Glen O.: 78, 78n
Hitler, Adolf: 224-25, 273, 284, 319, 399
and Anzio: 360, 364, 419-20, 430-32
and German strategy: 58-70, 141, 155, 182-85, 191, 243-46, 246n, 454
and Salerno landings: 107, 137, 143
Hopkinson, Maj. Gen. G. F.: 94
Horrocks, Lt. Gen. Sir Brian G.: 33
House, Maj. Gen. Edwin J.: 35-36, 54, 87, 90, 102, 110, 120, 367
Howard, Col. Edwin B.: 30n, 49, 237, 340
Hube, General der Panzertruppen Hans-Valentine: 85, 137, 195, 205-06, 224
Hughes, Maj. Gen. Everett S.: 9n
Humberto, Crown Prince: 276
Hungary: 60, 62

India: 20, 120, 181
Indian Army forces
4th Indian Division: 376-78, 384, 402-03, 406, 409, 416, 434, 437, 439, 442-44
8th Indian Division: 94, 155, 171, 233, 257-59
Indian Ocean: 17, 248, 300
Infantry units, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Intelligence, Allied: 22, 26, 48-49, 137, 157, 178-81, 246-47, 261, 348-49, 353-55, 391-93
Intelligence, German: 33, 49, 65, 68, 85-86, 116-17
Ionian Sea: 176
Ireland, Northern: 33
Ischia: 18, 137, 164, 164n
Isernia: 188, 192, 207, 217, 219-20, 231-33
Italian Air Forces. See Air, Italian.
Italian Army commands and forces: 7, 14, 50, 53, 55-56, 60-61, 66, 68-69, 96, 143, 184-85, 253
Bersaglieri: 418
Comando Supremo: 60-61, 63-66, 276
Seventh Army: 65, 69
1. Raggruppamento Italiano Motorizzato (1st Italian Motorized Group): 236, 253, 274-77, 280, 285
Italian Fleet: 35, 41, 45, 62, 94, 153, 184
Italian Forces High Command. See Italian Army commands and forces, Comando Supremo.
Italy. See also Northern Italy.
Government of: 21, 41, 61-62, 66, 69, 178, 185
surrender of: 8-10, 14-24, 41-42, 45, 54-65, 68-69, 85, 92, 94, 143-44, 175, 178, 180, 182, 184-85
terrain in Southern: 25-49
James Marshall: 148
Jeanne d'Arc: 153
Jodl, Generaloberst Alfred: 58, 60, 244
Johnston, Pfc. William J.: 423n
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): 4, 13, 177, 298, 449-50
Jones, Pvt. J. C.: 78
Juin, General Alphonse: 254, 289. See also French Army commands and forces, Expeditionary Corps.
and Cassino: 366, 371-72, 381, 409, 444
and mountain warfare: 306, 315, 347

Keitel, Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm: 58
Kellogg, 1st Lt. William C.: 132n
Kelly, Cpl. Charles E.: 114n
Kendall, Brig. Gen. Paul W.: 336, 344
Kershner, Capt. John T.: 108n
Kesselring, General feldmarschall Albert
and Anzio: 360-65, 387, 392-93, 419-20, 423, 429-32
and the Bernhard Line: 223-25, 231, 233
and German strategy in Italy: 60-69, 182-83, 243-45
and the Gustav Line: 258, 312, 315-16, 318-19, 349, 375, 400, 414
and Salerno: 85, 95, 97-99, 102, 116-17, 131, 133-36, 143-44
and the Volturno crossings: 191, 195, 206, 220
withdrawal from Salerno: 155-57
Keyes, Maj. Gen. Geoffrey: 251. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, II Corps.
and Anzio: 301
and mountain warfare: 263, 265
at the Rapido and Cassino: 306-07, 310, 320, 324, 326-28, 338, 340-41, 346-50, 366, 370, 372, 375, 381, 402, 405-07
and San Pietro: 273-77, 286, 288
King, Admiral Ernest J.: 17

King Victor Emmanuel III: 20, 61, 184, 252-53
Kippenberger, Brigadier Howard: 417
Kiska: 255
Knappenberger, Pfc. Alton W.: 391n

La Chiaia: 305-08
La Cosa Creek: 83, 105-07, 125
La Marsa: 37n
La Spezia: 45
Lagonegro: 127, 134, 138, 140
Lake Garda: 63
Landing craft and ships. See also DUKW's.
Allied strategy: 177-79, 181, 184, 186-87, 246-48
and Anzio: 236-42, 293-304, 357-59, 388, 392, 395, 449-54
AVALANCHE: 37-42, 47-48, 50n, 53-54
BAYTOWN: 119, 138, 142-43
at the Garigliano and Rapido Rivers: 262, 315, 317, 327-31, 334-47, 349-50
at Naples: 168-70
post-Sicily planning: 6, 10-15, 18-21, 23-24
at Salerno: 3, 3n, 67, 73-76, 79-81, 83, 86-87, 89, 92-93, 99-101, 120-22, 130, 137
at the Volturno: 204-05
Lange, Brig. Gen. Otto F.: 126
Larkin, Maj. Gen. Thomas B.: 9n
Leese, Lt. Gen. Sir Oliver: 295, 313, 376, 378, 444
Leghorn: 176, 361
Lemelsen, Generalleutnant Joachim: 224, 231, 233, 273
Lemnitzer, Brig. Gen. Lyman L.: 34, 150-51, 301, 383
Leros: 184
Lewis, Rear Adm. Spencer S.: 303
Lewis, Brig. Gen. Thomas E.: 30n, 438
Liberi: 208-10
Licata: 122, 124, 131
Lieurance, Lt. Col. Russel S.: 80
Lindstrom, Pfc. Floyd K.: 230n
Liri River valley
Allied plans for: 207, 226, 238, 241-42, 256-57, 260-61, 293, 301
and attacks on Cassino: 377-78, 381-83, 401-03, 409, 437, 443, 445-46
Fifth Army objective: 305-06, 310, 322, 325-26, 366-67, 370-73, 374-75, 448
German use of: 225, 318-21, 349-50, 361
and link-up with Anzio beachhead: 313-16, 354, 385, 396, 418, 433-34
Ljubljana Gap: 62
Logan, Sgt. James M.: 78
Logistics. See Build-up in Italy.
London: 9n, 18, 68
Lowry, Rear Adm. Frank J.: 303, 355, 367, 386
Lucas, Maj. Gen. John P.: 158, 249, 252, 254-55. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, VI Corps.
and Anzio: 301-03, 354-59, 386-89, 392, 394-96, 420-29
and mountain warfare: 160-62, 166, 207, 217, 219, 229, 234, 236, 258, 269, 286, 289
and the Volturno crossings: 193-96, 210, 220-23

McCall, Staff Sgt. Thomas E.: 341, 341n
McCloy, John J.: 276
McCreery, Lt. Gen. Sir Richard L.: 34, 149-50. See also British Army commands and forces, 10 Corps.
at the Garigliano: 306, 315-16, 320, 326, 347, 366, 374, 381
mountain warfare: 215, 229, 263, 276, 288
to Naples and the Volturno: 157, 162-65
at Salerno: 100, 106, 111-12, 116, 124, 129, 136-37
the Volturno crossings: 193-94, 204, 207
McGill, Sgt. John Y.: 79
Mack, Col. Stephen B.: 435
Mackensen, Generaloberst Eberhard von: 364, 389-92, 394-96, 419-23, 430-37
McMichen, Staff Sgt. Quillian H.: 78, 78n
McNair, Lt. Gen. Lesley J.: 28, 31, 150
Maddaloni: 166
Maiori: 91, 100, 116, 163
Majola Hill: 378, 382
Malta: 45, 93, 107, 119-20, 147
Mark IV tanks: 82, 92, 114
Marrakech: 298, 303-04
Marshall, General George C.: 4, 158
and Anzio: 295-96, 303, 427
and AVALANCHE: 30-31, 150-51
and Italian campaign: 177-78, 185, 236
post-Sicily planning: 8-9, 10, 15-17
Martin, Col. William H.: 83, 109-10, 113, 331, 336-44
Mass Manna: 377, 378
Matese Mountains: 188, 207, 213, 217, 233, 270
Meath, Lt. Col. Michael A.: 343
Mediterranean
Allied strategy: 9-21, 175-81, 184, 246
German strategy: 58, 63, 66
Mediterranean Sea: 3-5, 23, 118, 153, 241, 243
Mediterranean theater: 4-17, 20, 23-24, 29, 33, 293-94, 449, 455
Messina, Strait of: 4, 11, 21-24, 33n, 34, 38-39, 41, 46, 53, 57, 65, 95, 141-42
Middle East theater: 9n, 14, 47, 94, 184
Middleton, Maj. Gen. Troy H.: 33, 252. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 45th Infantry Division.
mountain warfare: 158, 160, 194-95
at Salerno: 87, 100, 103, 108-09, 114, 116, 137, 149
Volturno crossings: 200, 213
Mignano: 242, 251, 253, 332
German defense of: 155, 226, 229-31, 258, 260-61, 265
Mignano gap: 215, 217, 219-20, 268
Allied pressure on: 233, 235, 270, 273

Minori: 91
Minturno: 262, 314-16, 320
Moletta River: 363, 365, 394
Monastery Hill. See Monte Cassino.
Mondragone: 215
Monna Casale: 314
Monsabert, General Aimé de Goislard de: 289, 314
Montaquila: 231
Montcalm: 153
Monte Abate: 372
Monte Albaneta: 380
Monte Acero: 190, 195, 200-201, 206, 211, 213
Monte Belvedere: 366, 372-73, 377
Monte Cairo: 371-72, 411
Monte Camino: 208, 214-15, 226, 228-29, 233, 260, 262-63, 267, 269, 288-89
Monte Caruso: 196-200, 206, 208
Monte Cassino: 305, 366. See also Cassino.
battles for: 368, 376, 380-82, 399
bombardment of: 403-18, 425, 432-50
and the Gustav Line: 208, 311, 318, 324, 400-401
Monte Cassino abbey. See Abbey of Monte Cassino; Monte Cassino.
Monte Castellone: 196, 199, 368, 370, 372-73, 377-78, 402, 418, 445
Monte di Chiunzi: 91, 97, 100, 163-65
Monte la Difensa: 208, 214-15, 226, 229, 260, 262-69, 286, 288
Monte la Remetanea: 266-67
Monte Lungo: 226, 229-30, 265-81, 284-85, 288-89, 305-06, 308, 331
Monte Maggiore: 208, 214-15, 226, 260-70, 275, 284, 288, 331
Monte Majo: 305-07
Monte Massico: 203-07, 214-15, 219, 238
Monte Mesarinolo: 196-97, 199
Monte Porchia: 286, 305-10, 315
Monte Rotondo: 226, 229-31, 270-71, 276, 280-83, 289
Monte Sammucro: 208, 220, 226, 231, 260, 270-89, 307, 331
Monte Santa Croce: 214-15, 310, 314
Monte Soltano: 76, 90
Monte Soprano: 74-77, 90, 125, 127, 130
Monte Tifata: 196, 203
Monte Trocchio: 305, 310, 313, 315, 330, 332, 336, 372, 438
Monte Villa: 367-69, 377
Montecorvino airfield
battles for: 90-91, 97, 102-04, 110, 120
plans for: 21, 26, 43, 45-46
use of: 137
Montemarano: 158, 160, 162
Montesarchio: 166, 194
Montgomery, General Sir Bernard L.: 16, 34, 186, 295-96. See also British Army commands and forces, Eighth Army.
and AVALANCHE: 38-39, 41, 43, 46, 53, 93-95, 118-19, 122
and Foggia: 152, 154-56, 162, 170-71, 232-33
and Rome: 241-42, 257-59, 261
and Salerno: 137-38, 140-43
and Termoli: 190
Montgomery, 1st Lt. Jack C.: 423n
Monticello: 196, 197, 199
Morocco. See French Morocco; Spanish Morocco.
Moscow: 58
Mostaganem: 37
Mount Vesuvius: 25, 43, 57, 165
Mules. See Pack trains.
Munich: 60
Mussolini, Benito: 20, 59, 61, 180-81, 224, 245, 247, 385
Mussolini Canal: 358, 363, 385, 390, 393, 399, 431

Naples: 4, 91, 94, 137, 193
Allied base: 241, 251, 254-55, 439
Allied drive to: 154-58, 160-66
Allied objective: 101, 122-23, 136, 152
Allied strategy: 175-78, 180, 187-88
and Anzio: 320, 355, 451-52
AVALANCHE: 16-21, 25-26, 29, 31, 41, 43-44, 46, 48, 54-55, 57
German appreciation: 62, 64, 66-69, 96-97, 143, 182, 185-86
post-Sicily planning: 13-14
rehabilitation of: 166-67, 169-70
NATOUSA. See U.S. Army commands and forces, North African Theater of Operations, U.S. Army.
Naval forces, Allied
Air Support Force: 35
Covering Force: 35
Northern Attack Force: 35, 45, 56, 73, 101
Southern Attack Force: 35, 45, 56, 93, 101
Support Carrier Force: 45
Western Naval Task Force: 34-35, 37, 45, 54. See also Hewitt, Vice Adm. H. Kent.
Naval support, Allied: 455-56
and Anzio: 302, 355-60, 386, 393, 396, 421, 428, 431
AVALANCHE: 18-20, 27-28, 34-35, 39-41, 45, 50-57
and Corsica: 152-53
at Salerno: 73-76, 82-83, 86-87, 92-93, 102-03, 110, 115-16, 118-21, 124-25, 129-30, 133-36, 144-47, 169-70
SLAPSTICK: 94-95
Volturno crossings: 197, 203-04
beyond the Volturno: 215, 233, 262, 316
Navy, U.S. See Naval support, Allied.
Near East: 59
Nebelwerfer: 213, 264
Nelson, H.M.S.: 120
Nero, Lt. Col. D. S.: 333
Nettuno: 385, 391, 429-30, 451
New Zealand Army forces
New Zealand Expeditionary Force: 405

New Zealand Corps: 378, 383-84, 401-02, 404-05, 433-35, 438, 442, 444
2d New Zealand Division: 171
and Cassino: 276-78, 384, 402, 409, 417, 434-39, 442, 444
Winter Line: 257, 259, 313
21st New Zealand Infantry Battalion: 438n
Nicastro: 141
Nocera: 86, 157-58, 163-64
Normandy: 4, 242, 245, 257, 298, 441
North Africa: 3, 52
Allied bases: 14-15, 15n, 31-34, 47, 94, 148, 152, 160, 164n, 176, 236, 240-41, 251-53, 439, 449, 452
and AVALANCHE: 21-22, 27-28, 37, 37n, 48, 101, 118, 120-21, 130, 150
conferences for Anzio: 303, 352
Eisenhower's headquarters: 93, 116, 133
Northern Ireland: 33
Northern Italy
Allied advance to: 176-78, 180, 235, 241-45, 352, 437
Allied bombardment of: 153, 179
Allied invasion of: 62, 66
German defensive line: 60, 65, 432
German occupation of: 49, 63-64, 143, 156, 312-13
movement of German forces from: 183-85, 191, 247, 258, 354, 361, 363, 419
Northwest Africa, campaign in: 4, 8, 9, 59, 77, 158, 225, 402, 429, 455

O'Daniel, Brig. Gen. John W.: 87, 126, 164, 237, 431
Office of Strategic Services: 255
Ogliastro: 43, 99, 142
OKH: 58, 225
OKL: 58
OKM: 58
OKW. See German commands and forces, Oberkommando der Wehrmacht.
Oliver, Admiral G. N.: 35, 45, 124-25
Oliveto: 158-60
Olson, Capt. Arlo L.: 199n
Olson, Sgt. Truman O.: 391n
O'Neill, Col. Edward J.: 303
Oran: 37, 45, 50, 53, 120
Orion, H.M.S.: 262
Orsogna: 257, 259
Ortona: 182, 259
OVERLORD. See Cross-Channel attack.

Pacific theater: 5, 7, 17-18, 20, 181
Pack trains: 160-61, 231, 249, 251-52
Padiglione woods: 423
Paestum: 99, 112, 119, 134, 140-42, 159
airborne drop near: 123n, 131, 137
airstrip: 102, 110, 120, 123-24, 130, 148
and Salerno landings: 76, 79-81, 83-84, 87, 117
supply dumps: 111
Pagani: 163-64
Palermo: 39, 50, 53, 67, 124, 252
Pantano ditch: 390
Partisan forces: 6-7, 176-77, 236, 247
Patterson, Robert P.: 351
Patton, Lt. Gen. George S., Jr.: 16, 33n, 121, 149, 252
and Anzio: 355, 425, 429
and Seventh Army: 30, 33, 298
and Third Army: 295
Penelope, H.M.S.: 107, 119
Persano: 105, 108, 114-15, 125, 137
Pershing, General John J.: 150
Pescara: 179, 240, 257, 259, 349, 432
Pescara River: 241, 257
Philadelphia, USS: 107, 116
Piave River: 178
Piedimonte d'Alife: 208, 213
Pietramelara: 210
Pietravairano: 219
Pisa: 24, 176, 178-79, 181-82, 243, 247-48, 437, 451
Pizzo: 96, 119, 127
PLOUGH Force: 255n. See also Canadian-U.S. Force.
Po Valley: 59-60, 66n, 176, 180-82, 243, 247
Point Faro: 57
Policastro, Gulf of: 68, 98, 127
Polish forces, 2 Corps: 433
Pomigliano airfield: 166
Pompeii: 165
Ponte Sele: 43, 100, 103-05, 108, 115, 137
Pontine Marshes: 242, 385
Portugal: 454
Potenza: 138, 140, 155
Pozzuoli: 288
Praia: 142
Pratella: 217
Presenzano: 207, 219-20, 226, 229-30
President of the United States. See Roosevelt, Franklin D.
Prime Minister of Great Britain. See Churchill, Winston S.
Pursuit planes. See under Air, Allied.

QUADRANT Conference: 177, 181, 185, 242, 246
Quebec: 23, 177, 185, 242, 246

Rapido River: 188, 246, 271
Allied objective: 190, 207, 226, 233, 260-61, 294
assault crossings: 320, 322-51, 434-35, 438-39
battles for: 305-07, 310-11, 313-16, 366-75, 402
German defense of: 206, 208, 268, 392, 448
Raviscanina: 214, 217, 219
Reggio di Calabria: 11, 18-19, 22, 25, 53, 57, 96, 119, 155
Regia Agnena Nueva Canal: 203, 205-06, 214
Regiments, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.

Reinhard Line: 155. See also Bernhard Line.
Ressijac, Maj. Louis H.: 338
Rhodes: 184, 247
Rhône Valley: 455
Ridgway, Maj. Gen. Matthew B.: 31, 44
at Salerno: 122-24, 126, 131, 135-36
beyond Salerno: 151-52, 164
Rimini: 24, 178-79, 181, 243, 247-48, 361, 437, 451
River crossings
at the Garigliano: 260-62, 305-07, 310-13, 315-18, 320-21, 325-28, 349
at the Rapido: 320-51, 434-45, 438-39
at the Volturno: 180-81, 186-88, 190-208, 210-14, 217, 219, 220-23
Riviera: 297
Rocca d'Aspide: 43, 99, 142
Rocca Pipirozzi: 222, 229
Roccamonfina: 215, 219
Roccaromana: 210, 219
Rocket vessels: 75-76, 237
Rodney, H.M.S.: 120
Rodt, Generalmajor Eberhardt: 347
Rome: 4, 25, 145, 270, 393, 397
airborne operations: 45, 122
airfields: 51, 239
Allied objective: 10, 175-82, 185, 187-88, 207, 220-21, 226, 241-43, 253, 256-57, 286, 436-38, 449-50, 456
and Anzio landings: 238, 288-89, 293-304, 352-55, 385-87, 389-90, 425, 428-29, 433
AVALANCHE: 13-14, 16-18, 21, 26, 49
and Cassino operations: 305-06, 399, 415
fall of Mussolini: 61
German movements: 114, 131, 233, 318-19, 349, 360-63
German occupation of: 63-70, 85, 95, 97, 127, 259-62, 432
and German strategy: 155, 184, 191, 225, 235, 245-48, 267, 311-13, 375
Rommel, Generalfeldmarschall Erwin: 137, 255, 220
and German strategy in Italy: 60-61, 63, 65-66, 182-83, 244-45, 246n
Rooks, Maj. Gen. Lowell W.: 23, 243, 276, 294, 300, 303
Roosevelt, Franklin D.: 4, 8
and Anzio: 295-96, 298, 303-04, 352-53
and Mediterranean strategy: 177
and Monte Cassino: 415
and planners: 27
Roosevelt, Brig. Gen. Theodore, Jr.: 153, 246
Rumania: 7, 8, 62
Russian front. See Eastern Front.
Ruviano: 211
Ryder, Maj. Gen. Charles W.: 32. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 34th Infantry Division.
at Cassino: 306, 310, 347, 366-67, 369-70, 372-73, 376, 381, 404, 407
and the Volturno crossings: 197, 200, 210-11, 213, 221-22

Sacco River: 207, 242, 257
Saint Benedict: 401. See also Abbey of Monte Cassino.
Sala: 164
Salerno: 34, 157-58, 161, 165, 246, 262, 456
and AVALANCHE: 36, 38-39, 41-51, 53-57, 253
battle of: 102-31, 133-34, 136-43, 145, 147, 148, 154, 162, 166, 235-36, 251
beaches of: 3-4, 21, 26, 69-70, 73, 169
defense of: 26, 156, 182, 190, 239
German appreciation of: 64, 66-70, 96-99
landings: 76-95, 150, 155-56, 178-79, 185, 200, 228, 297, 354
port of: 21, 26, 116
Salerno, Gulf of: 18, 25-26, 46, 54n, 67-68, 99, 110, 120, 147-48, 163
Samos: 184
San Benedetto del Trente: 187
San Elia: 268, 288, 313-14
San Giovanni: 11, 18, 53, 57
San Pietro Infine: 226, 231, 265, 268, 270-89, 305, 331, 438
San Severino: 158, 163, 165
San Vittore: 270, 273-74, 279-80, 285-86, 288, 305-09
Sangro River: 206, 208, 233, 235, 241, 257-61
Sant'Ambrogio: 305, 311, 314-16, 320, 327-28
Sant'Angelo: 341, 345, 367, 418
German defenses: 324, 339
Rapido crossings: 314, 320, 326-27, 331-32, 346-47, 372, 378, 402, 434-35
Sant'Angelo d'Alife: 213-14
Sapri: 98, 127, 140, 142
Sardinia: 249
abandoned by Germans: 152-53, 258
and Allied strategy: 176-79, 439
AVALANCHE: 16-17, 19-21, 29, 48, 52
German strategy: 62-63, 65-66, 102
post-Sicily planning: 6-8, 10-14
Sarno River: 165
Savannah, USS: 87, 107, 148
Scafati: 163, 165
Scalea: 142
Schulz, Colonel: 413
Scilla: 57
Seafire: 147
SEALION: 116
SEATRAIN: 116
Second Air Force, German. See German commands and forces, Luftflotte 2.
Sele River: 111, 148
AVALANCHE: 26, 43, 51, 57
battles of Salerno: 100-101, 103-04, 106, 108-09, 111, 114-16, 118, 123, 125, 129-30, 134, 137, 145
and Salerno landings: 76-77, 90-91

Senger und Etterlin, Generalleutnant Fridolin von
at the Bernhard Line: 224, 233
at Cassino: 400, 407, 413-15, 442, 448
at the Gustav Line: 307, 315-19, 322, 324, 329, 338, 347, 350
Serre: 103, 105, 137-38
Sessa Aurunca: 188, 190, 207, 215
Seventh U.S. Army. See U.S. Army commands and forces, Seventh Army.
Sherman, Col. Harry B.: 208-10
SHINGLE: 304, 352, 366, 393, 425
and assault shipping: 294, 299-304
Fifth Army plan: 293
and Rapido crossings: 321, 340, 347
Sicily
Allied base: 155, 158, 160, 164n, 166, 170, 186, 295
AVALANCHE: 17, 27, 34, 37n, 45-48, 50, 53-54, 57
campaign of: 4-5, 16-24, 29-30, 33n, 37-39, 49, 51, 61, 62-64, 66-68, 77, 97, 107, 225, 252, 397, 429, 455
post-Sicily planning: 6-11, 9n, 13-15, 175
and Salerno landings: 93-94, 99-101, 118, 120-22, 124, 126-27, 130-31, 135, 145-48, 152
Sickenius, Generalmajor Rudolf: 86, 91, 144
Skorzeny, Capt. Otto: 61
SLAPSTICK: 41-42, 44, 54, 94-95, 154
Slaton, Cpl. James D.: 159n
Slessor, Air Marshal Sir John: 295
Smith, Maj. Gen. Walter Bedell: 9, 41, 294, 297, 303
Smoke operations
at Anzio: 451
at the Rapido: 335, 341, 343, 345
at Salerno: 75, 80, 86, 92, 130
at the Volturno: 200, 211
Solofrone River: 77
Sorrento peninsula: 67, 86
AVALANCHE: 21, 26, 43-44
blocking Naples: 122, 156-57, 163-65
Salerno landings: 91, 98, 100, 137
SOS NATOUSA. See U.S. Army commands and forces, North African Theater of Operations, U.S. Army.
Sousse: 37n
Southern France. See also France.
Allied bombardment of: 153
Allied plans to invade: 8, 19, 60, 62, 175-80, 242-43, 246-48, 252, 296-98, 352, 449-50
German defensive plans: 63-64
German occupation of: 52, 59, 361, 391
Soviet Union. See USSR.
Spaatz, Lt. Gen. Carl: 35, 295
Spain: 9, 28
Spanish Morocco: 9, 28-29
Sparanise: 214
Specker, Sgt. Joe C.: 309
Spitfire: 46, 87
Stalin, Marshal Joseph: 246, 248, 353
Stalingrad: 59, 67, 289
Stovall, Lt. Col. Oran: 328
STRANGLE: 437, 451
Strangolagalli: 209
Strategy, Allied: 1-24, 94, 175-82, 235-43, 246-48, 293-304, 349, 353, 445-50
Strategy, German: 58-70, 155-57, 182-84, 243-46, 453-55
Strong, Maj. Gen. George V.: 16
Strong, Capt. Richard M.: 108n
Suez: 4
Supply. See Build-up in Italy.
Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force. See Eisenhower, General Dwight D.
Syracuse: 37n

Tank units, U.S. See under U.S. Army commands and forces.
Taranto: 16, 119, 139, 171
Allied objective: 12, 14, 19-20, 29
SLAPSTICK: 41-42, 44-45, 54, 94-95, 154-55
Tate, Col. Ralph H.: 30n, 303
Taylor, Brig. Gen. Maxwell A.: 44
Teano: 196, 207-08, 214-15, 219
Tedder, Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur: 9, 19, 35, 37, 148, 295, 297
Tehran Conference: 248, 294-96, 298
Telese: 195
Templer, Maj. Gen. G. W. R.: 90, 229, 276
Teora: 157-58, 160
Termini: 50, 53
Termoli: 155, 170-71, 190-91, 232
Terracina: 18, 67, 220, 316
Terrain. See Italy, terrain in southern.
Terrible: 153
Tiber River: 432
Toe of Italy. See Calabria.
Torre Annunziata: 122, 164-65, 169
TRIDENT Conference: 8, 176, 181
Triflisco gap: 192, 194, 196-200, 204-07, 214
Trigno River: 171, 191, 232-33
Tripoli: 37, 45, 50, 53-54, 120
Troubridge, Rear Adm. Thomas H.: 357
Truscott, Maj. Gen. Lucian K., Jr.: 33, 249. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 3d Infantry Division; VI Corps.
and Anzio: 302, 325, 355, 390-91, 429
mountain warfare: 158-60, 162, 207-10, 219, 229
at Salerno: 121, 152
Volturno crossings: 196-97, 199
Tucker, Col. Reuben H.: 127, 134-35, 135n, 217
Tuker, Maj. Gen. F. S.: 403, 416
Tunis: 21, 37n, 37-38, 296, 300-02
Tunisia: 4, 10, 29, 33-34, 67, 145n, 239, 289
Turkey: 5, 6, 60, 62, 247, 297
Twining, Maj. Gen. Nathan F.: 295, 437, 448
Tyrrhenian Sea: 143, 176

Uganda, H.M.S.: 116, 148
Unconditional surrender: 60

United Kingdom: 52
and Balkan invasion: 6
and Combined Bomber Offensive: 19, 239
and cross-Channel attack: 4-5, 7, 10, 236, 293, 295
movement of Mediterranean resources to: 14, 20, 121, 181, 186, 241, 298, 300, 455
United Nations: 4
U.S. Army Chief of Staff: 4. See also Marshall, General George C.
U.S. Army commands and forces
Army Air Forces: 417, 437
Army Ground Forces: 28
European Theater of Operations, U.S. Army (ETOUSA): 295
Fifth Army: 186, 246. See also Clark, Lt. Gen. Mark W.
and Anzio landings: 352-53, 355-56, 389, 391, 395-98, 428, 449-50
Anzio planning: 236-38, 240-42, 248-51, 254-56, 293-305
attacks on Cassino: 366-67, 374-76, 378, 433-35
and AVALANCHE: 28-34, 37-38
and BAYTOWN: 137-43
drive on Naples: 152, 154-58, 160, 162, 166-67, 170-71
and Monte Cassino: 403-04, 407, 409, 418
mountain warfare: 207-08, 215, 217, 220, 224, 226, 233, 235
Rapido crossings: 322, 330, 340, 342
and Salerno: 87, 91, 94-95, 99-102, 110-12, 115-19, 122-26, 130-34, 145-46, 149
and Sardinia: 11
Volturno crossings: 188, 190, 192, 203, 205-06
in the Winter Line: 257-61, 263, 268-70, 277, 288-89, 315
Fifth Army Base Section: 167
North African Theater of Operations, U.S. Army (NATOUSA): 9n, 46, 249, 295
Peninsular Base Section: 167, 170, 254
Ranger Force: 33, 33n
and Anzio: 301, 353, 358, 363, 390-91, 395n, 423
and AVALANCHE: 43, 73-74
drive to Naples: 163-65
mountain warfare: 220, 222, 230-31, 237, 264
at Salerno: 91, 97, 100, 109, 116, 137
and San Pietro: 273-77, 285
Seventh Army: 186, 252
and AVALANCHE: 33
and BAYTOWN: 53
change in commanders: 295, 298, 352, 449
plans for southern France landings: 450
and Sicily Campaign: 16, 29
Task Force A: 438n
Task Force Allen: 306, 308-09
Task Force B: 307, 438n
Third Army: 295
II Corps: 28, 30, 32, 158, 166, 186, 243, 251-53, 255. See also Keyes, Maj. Gen. Geoffrey.
and Cassino: 366, 373-75, 378, 383, 392
in the Gustav Line: 306-07, 313, 315-16, 320-21
and Monte Cassino bombardment: 401-02, 404, 406-07, 411
Rapido crossings: 322, 326-28, 347, 350
in the Winter Line: 260, 262-63, 265-67, 269, 288
VI Corps. See also Dawley, Maj. Gen. Ernest J.; Lucas, Maj. Gen. John; Truscott, Maj. Gen. Lucian K., Jr.
Anzio: 359-60, 367, 385, 388-93, 396, 420, 425, 427, 429, 433, 450
AVALANCHE: 31-32, 37, 39, 43, 45, 47, 49, 53
beyond Salerno: 157-58, 160, 162, 165-66
Salerno landings: 76, 79, 84, 87, 89, 91-93, 96 104, 107-12, 116, 123-25, 129-30, 133-38, 142, 145, 149-51
and SHINGLE: 302-03, 306, 314, 353-54, 356
Volturno crossings: 188, 193-96
in the Winter Line: 207-08, 210, 217, 222-23, 229, 231, 249, 251-52, 254, 260, 268-69, 288-89
I Armored Corps: 252
Provisional Corps (Sicily): 252
82d Airborne Division: 93, 186. See also Ridgway, Maj. Gen. Matthew B.
and AVALANCHE: 31, 33, 33n, 35, 44-45, 54
the drive on Naples: 157, 164-65, 164n, 168
at Salerno: 118, 122-23, 123n, 137, 145
325th Glider Infantry: 122, 124, 137, 163-64
504th Parachute Infantry: 186
and Anzio: 302, 353, 356, 358, 363, 390, 394, 431
drive on Naples: 163
mountain warfare: 217, 219-20, 223, 231, 233, 236
at Salerno: 124, 127, 134-36, 145, 149n
and San Pietro: 277, 279-80, 285-86
505th Parachute Infantry: 130, 149n, 164
1st Armored Division: 31, 236, 251-52, 277, 288
and Anzio: 353, 386, 390-91, 394, 420-21
and AVALANCHE: 43, 118, 121
and Cassino: 306, 313, 322, 326, 367, 372, 378, 402, 411, 434-35, 438
2d Armored Division: 32, 33n, 252
3d Armored Division: 252
9th Armored Division: 252
1st Infantry Division: 33n, 161, 246, 353, 359
3d Infantry Division: 33, 235, 251-52. See also Truscott, Maj. Gen. Lucian K., Jr.
and Anzio: 302, 315, 325, 353, 355, 358, 363, 386-91, 395, 420, 429, 431, 449-50
and AVALANCHE: 33, 39, 43, 118, 120-21, 137
mountain warfare: 158-62, 166, 211, 213, 217, 219-20, 229-31, 230n, 233, 262, 288

Volturno crossings: 193-94, 196-97, 199-200, 204-05, 207-08
7th Infantry: 197-99, 208-10, 219, 229, 390, 391n
15th Infantry: 197, 199, 210, 219, 230, 390
30th Infantry: 197, 199, 219, 229-30, 391n
9th Infantry Division: 33n, 121
34th Infantry Division: 235, 251-52, 288. See also Ryder, Maj. Gen. Charles W.
and AVALANCHE: 31-32, 43, 118, 120, 133
and Cassino: 366-68, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380-83, 402, 404, 408, 413, 418
mountain warfare: 161, 166, 231-32, 268-69, 306-07, 315, 322, 347
Volturno crossings: 194, 196-97, 200-201, 203, 206, 208, 210-14, 217, 219-22
133d Infantry
and Cassino: 369-70, 372, 376-78, 381-82, 402
mountain warfare: 161-62, 166, 307
Volturno crossings: 200, 211-14, 217
135th Infantry
and Cassino: 370, 377-378, 380, 382-83
mountain warfare: 308
Volturno crossings: 200-201, 211-13, 217
168th Infantry
and Cassino: 370, 372-73, 377, 382-83
mountain warfare: 307, 310
Volturno crossings: 200-201, 211-13, 217
100th Infantry Battalion: 162, 213
36th Infantry Division: 142, 151-52, 157, 164, 235, 237, 240, 243. See also Walker, Maj. Gen. Fred. L.
Artillery: 89, 256
and AVALANCHE: 31-32, 39-40, 47n, 49-50, 53-56
and Cassino: 355, 366, 372, 374, 377-78, 381-83, 402, 413, 418, 435
mountain warfare: 251, 255-56, 264-66, 307, 313, 315, 320-21
Rapido crossings: 322-51
and Salerno: 75-76, 87, 90, 92, 99, 103-04, 109, 125, 127, 129, 134, 137
San Pietro: 273-74, 285-86, 288
141st Infantry: 50n, 149n
and Cassino: 383
mountain warfare: 265, 267
Rapido crossings: 330-36, 339, 345
at Salerno: 75, 77, 79-82, 84, 89-92, 99, 109, 125-26
San Pietro: 274-76, 280-81, 283-84, 286
142d Infantry: 50n, 149n
and Cassino: 367, 372-73, 377-78
mountain warfare: 265, 267, 307
Rapido crossings: 330, 346
at Salerno: 75, 79-80, 83, 90, 92, 106-09, 113, 125-26
San Pietro: 280, 284
143d Infantry: 50n, 163
mountain warfare: 265
Rapido crossings: 330-31, 336, 339, 341-46
at Salerno: 75, 80, 83, 90, 99, 109, 113-15, 125-26
San Pietro: 274-75, 277, 279-81, 283-84, 286
45th Infantry Division: 33, 33n, 251-52. See also Eagles, Maj. Gen. William; Middleton, Maj. Gen. Troy H.
and Anzio: 353, 355, 386, 394-96, 420-24, 449-50
AVALANCHE: 39, 43
and Cassino: 306, 322
mountain warfare: 158-62, 166, 217, 219-20, 222, 229, 231, 235, 268-69, 274, 288-89
at Salerno: 87, 90, 99, 101n, 103, 106, 108-09, 118, 125, 129-30, 134, 136
Volturno crossings: 194-96, 200-201, 206, 208, 211, 213
157th Infantry: 101n, 149n
at Anzio: 420-22
at Salerno: 99-101, 104, 106, 108, 112, 114-15, 125, 129
Volturno crossings: 194-95
179th Infantry: 149n
at Anzio: 420-23
at Salerno: 90, 99-100, 104, 107-09, 114, 125, 129, 134
Volturno crossings: 194-95, 222
180th Infantry: 118, 130, 136, 194-95, 222, 230-31, 423
85th Infantry Division: 252
88th Infantry Division: 252, 336, 418
434th Antiaircraft Battalion (Provisional): 438n
13th Armored Regiment: 438n
16th Armored Engineer Battalion: 329, 334
16th Armored Engineer Battalion (Provisional): 438n
27th Armored Field Artillery Battalion: 125
6th Armored Infantry: 306, 308, 310
155th Artillery Battalion: 80
158th Artillery Battalion: 125
630th Artillery Battalion: 81
102d Barrage Balloon Battery: 81
91st Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron: 322, 438n
36th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop: 75
354th Coast Artillery Battalion: 81
213th Coast Artillery Regiment: 81
505th Coast Artillery Regiment: 81
111th Engineer Battalion: 75, 142, 145n, 285, 329
175th Engineer Battalion: 342
235th Engineer Battalion: 372
1108th Engineer Group: 372
343d Engineer Regiment: 167
48th Engineer Combat Battalion: 309, 438n
120th Engineer Combat Battalion: 145n

19th Engineer Combat Regiment: 329-30, 334, 339, 343
36th Engineer Combat Regiment: 106, 108, 145n, 149, 395
39th Engineer Combat Regiment: 149n
540th Engineer Combat Regiment: 167, 395
337th Engineer General Service Regiment: 145n
540th Engineer Shore Battalion: 47
351st Engineer Shore Regiment: 75
531st Engineer Shore Regiment: 47, 80, 126, 145n
15th Evacuation Hospital: 249
36th Field Artillery Battalion: 53, 147
125th Field Artillery Battalion: 213-14
131st Field Artillery Battalion: 75, 80, 82
132d Field Artillery Battalion: 80
151st Field Artillery Battalion: 81, 83, 145n, 213, 381
158th Field Artillery Battalion: 115
160th Field Artillery Battalion: 105
175th Field Artillery Battalion: 313
189th Field Artillery Battalion: 115, 125
6th Field Artillery Group: 438n
54th Medical Battalion (Motorized): 374
6617th Mine Clearance Company: 438n
509th Parachute Infantry Battalion: 131-33, 353, 358, 394, 431
10th Port Battalion: 395
751st Tank Battalion: 80, 89, 149n
191st Tank Battalion: 81, 100, 104-05, 421
753d Tank Battalion: 277, 280-81, 285, 369, 438n
756th Tank Battalion: 369, 373, 377
760th Tank Battalion: 369, 373, 438n, 445
1st Tank Group: 438n, 445
601st Tank Destroyer Battalion: 89, 197
636th Tank Destroyer Battalion: 115, 438n
645th Tank Destroyer Battalion: 89, 100
751st Tank Destroyer Battalion: 197
776th Tank Destrover Battalion: 438n
U.S.-Canadian Force. See Canadian-U.S. Force.
U.S. Chief of Naval Operations: 17
U.S. units. See Air, Allied; U.S. Army commands and forces.
USSR: 5-6, 16, 58-60, 62-63, 191

Valentine treadway-bridge tanks: 281-82
Valiant, H.M.S.: 120
Vallo: 137, 142
Valmontone: 191, 354, 361, 385-90, 432, 434
Vatican: 398, 407, 415
Velletri: 225, 391
Venafro: 188, 190, 192, 207, 217-22, 231, 441
Ventotene Island: 54
Verona: 364
Vian, Rear Adm. Sir Philip: 35, 45, 103, 110
Vichy Government: 9
Victor Emmanuel III, King. See King Victor Emmanuel III.
Vietinghoff gennant Scheel, General der Panzertruppen Heinrich von
and Cassino: 375-76, 400, 413, 442, 448
and German strategy in Italy: 64-69
at the Gustav Line: 307, 315-16, 318, 339, 361-64
mountain warfare: 190-92, 195, 198-99, 206, 220, 223-24, 232, 265
at Salerno: 85, 93, 95-99, 106, 110, 112-14, 116-17, 127-37, 143
withdrawal from Salerno: 155-56, 164, 182-83
Vietri sul Mare
German counterattack: 106, 116, 127, 129, 133, 136
Salerno landings: 91, 157
Vietri pass: 97, 101, 158, 162-63
Villa: 209
Vinchiaturo: 155, 170-71, 232
Volturno River: 4, 67, 229, 235, 237, 249, 261, 397
AVALANCHE: 25, 44, 54, 86, 122, 171
first crossings: 180-81, 186-88, 190-208
rehearsal for Rapido crossings: 330
beyond Salerno: 154-57, 162-63, 165-66
second crossings: 210-14, 217, 219
third crossings: 220-23

Walker, Maj. Gen. Fred L.: 32. See also U.S. Army commands and forces, 36th Infantry Division.
and AVALANCHE: 40-41, 50, 55-57
and Cassino: 366, 382, 413
mountain warfare: 237, 264-66
and the Rapido: 325-28, 330, 332, 336, 339, 346-51
and Salerno: 3, 83n, 83-84, 90, 99-100, 103, 108-10, 113-16, 123n, 126, 134-37, 140, 145-46, 149-52
and San Pietro: 273-83, 286
Walter, Col. Mercer C.: 405
War Department: 31, 158
Warspite, H.M.S.: 120, 148
Washington, D.C.: 8, 9n, 17-18, 21
Wellington bombers: 120
Werner, Col. Richard J.: 82
Westphal, Generalmajor Siegfried: 191, 258-59, 273, 319, 362-63, 428, 432
Whiteley, General J. F. M.: 300
Wilbur, Brig. Gen. William H.: 126, 266, 285, 335, 347-48
Willis, Vice Adm. Sir Algernon: 35, 45, 89, 103
Wilson, General Sir Henry Maitland: 184, 224, 294-97, 303, 407-09, 425, 427, 434, 447, 449-50
Winter Line: 193-94, 207, 233, 235, 261, 264-65. See also Barbara Line; Bernhard Line; Gustav Line.
Wyatt, Lt. Col. Aaron A., Jr.: 333, 335, 339-40

Yardley, Lt. Col. Doyle R.: 131
Yugoslavia: 7, 94, 240n, 363, 419. See also Partisan forces.