Index

A operation: 70
ABC. See American-British Conversations.
Accidents, in training: 47
Ackerman, Capt. Louis F.: 146, 254
Adair, Lt. Col. Robert D.: 345-46
Adelup Point: 312, 316-17, 331, 343-44
Admiralty Islands: 12, 13, 15
Advance Commander, Support Aircraft: 313
Aerial photography. See Reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.
Aerial reconnaissance. See Reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.
Afetna Point: 67, 80-81, 83, 85, 89, 91-93, 97
Agafan : 371
Agana: 24, 30, 308-09, 326-27, 331-33, 340, 364, 378, 382-83, 385-87, 391, 395, 443
Agana Bay: 307, 331, 385
Agana River: 307
Agat: 24, 308-09, 312-13, 315-16, 322, 324, 326-27, 331-35, 339, 342, 345, 348-50, 352-53, 356, 358, 363, 368, 383. See also Old Agat Road.
Agat Bay: 30, 308, 361-62
Agattu: 7
AGC's: 99, 110, 275, 313, 318, 321-22, 325, 339-40
Agingan Point: 40, 44, 68, 87, 91, 93, 97, 109, 127-28, 285
A-GO operation: 120-21. See also A operation; KON operation.
Aguada River: 363
Air, supply by: 12, 278. See also Supply operations.
Air attacks, carrier-based, Japanese: 23-24
Air attacks, carrier-based, U.S.
on Cabras Island: 339-40
on Caroline Islands: 71, 222
co-ordination of: 132-33, 340
on friendly troops: 227, 345, 357, 374, 407, 425, 427
on Guam: 43, 73, 99, 122, 312-14, 320, 322-25, 339-42, 345, 352, 357, 362, 368, 371, 378
on Japanese shipping: 7, 13, 15
in Kavieng-Manus operation: 18
liaison measures in: 132-33
on Manus Island: 18
on Marcus Island: 71
on Marianas: 56, 69, 446
on Pagan Island: 73
on Palau Islands: 69, 71
plans for: 2, 13
on Rota Island: 43, 73, 99, 122, 323-24
on Saipan: 43-44, 71-74, 80-81, 108, 132, 139
strafing, effectiveness of: 132
target designation in: 132, 134-35
on Tinian: 43-44, 73, 277, 285-88, 291, 299-300
on Truk: 13, 15, 39, 56, 69, 71, 322
on Wake: 71
Air attacks, land-based, U.S.
Arnold's plan for: 12
from Australia against Netherlands Indies: 12
by B-29's: 11-12, 14
on Biak: 120
on Carolines: 71, 222
from China against Japan: 7-8, 12
effectiveness of: 132
on friendly troops: 227
on Guam: 322-25, 407, 418, 421-22, 425, 427, 430, 432, 436, 446
on Japanese shipping: 7
on Marcus Island: 71
on Marianas: 446
from Marianas against Japan: 8, 12, 14, 443
in Netherlands Indies: 12, 18
on Palau Islands: 71
in P.I. recovery: 10
plans for: 2, 13
on Saipan: 43, 44
strafing, effectiveness of: 132
on Tinian: 277, 285-88, 295, 297, 302
on Truk: 71
on Wake: 71
Air bases. See Airfields, Japanese; Airfields, U.S.; Seaplane bases.
Air bursts, use of: 155
Air Forces, U.S. See Army Air Forces; Fifth Air Force; Seventh Air Force; Thirteenth Air Force.
Air losses, Japanese
on Guam: 51, 323-24
in Philippine Sea battle: 324, 441
on Saipan: 51, 72
on Tinian: 51
at Truk: 15

Air losses, U.S.
on Guam: 323
in Philippine Sea battle: 122
on Saipan: 72
"Air Plan for the Defeat of Japan": 12
Air strength, Japanese, on Saipan: 51
Air support. See Air attacks, carrier-based, U.S.; Air attacks, land-based, U.S.
Aircraft, Japanese, diversion of: 121
Airfields, Japanese. See also Seaplane bases.
Aslito: 54, 60-61, 67-68, 72
Charan Kanoa: 51, 61, 68
defenses at: 61, 67-68, 282
Flores Point: 41, 51-52, 65, 242
Guam: 60
Mandated Islands: 54-55
Marianas: 54, 60-62
Marpi Point: 51-52, 61
Pagan Island: 61
Rota Island: 61
Saipan: 51, 61
Tinian: 54, 60-61, 269-70
Airfields, U.S.
Arafura Sea area: 10, 18
China: 12
Guam: 334, 443
Manus Island: 16, 19
Marianas: 8, 12, 14, 441, 443, 445
Marshalls: 9
Mindanao: 18
plans for: 2, 13
Tinian: 296, 442-43
AK's: 47-48, 319
AKA's: 47, 319
Aleutian Islands: 4, 7-8
Alpine: 347
Ambushes, Japanese. See also Counterattacks, Japanese.
on Guam: 390-91, 422, 424
on Saipan: 140, 165
Ambulances, shortages of: 128
American-British Conversations: 3
Ammunition, Japanese, unit-of-fire allotments: 69
Ammunition, U.S., unit-of-fire allotments: 48, 129
Ammunition dump explosions: 168, 177, 179-80, 188, 214
Ammunition expenditures, U.S.
on Guam: 321, 323-24, 339, 367-69
in naval gunfire: 321, 323-24, 339
on Saipan: 130, 134, 259
on Tinian: 285-86, 299, 302
Ammunition shortages
on Guam: 358-59
on Saipan: 218, 260-61
on Tinian: 293
Amphibian Tank Battalion, 708th: 44, 81, 83, 84, 86, 275
Amphibian tanks, definition: 81n, See also LVT(A)'s.
Amphibian Tractor Battalions
534th: 275
715th: 81, 86, 275
773d: 82, 84-85, 87, 261, 275, 291
Amphibian tractors. See LVT's.
Amphibian Truck Companies
27th Division: 300
477th: 300
Amphibian trucks. See DUKW's.
Amphibious operations. See also Landing operations.
communications procedures in: 45
doctrine vindicated: 350, 446-47
end-run principle: 317n
Japanese, at Guam: 24
Japanese, at Saipan: 110, 131, 213
logistical aspects: 123-31
Marine Corps doctrine: 33, 350
in P.I.: 10
supply, role in: 123-31
Tinian, as classic: 269, 271
training for: 33-35, 315-16
Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion, VMAC: 272
Amphtracks. See LVT's.
Anao Point: 419, 432, 434
Anderson, Lt. Col. Joseph C.: 40, 129
Antiaircraft artillery. See also Guns, Japanese, dual-purpose; Guns, U.S., dual-purpose.
Japanese, on Saipan: 68-69, 76, 97
U.S., on Guam: 23
U.S., on Saipan: 179
Antiaircraft Artillery Automatic Weapons Battalion, 7th: 356, 408
AP's: 47-48, 50
AKA's: 47, 98-100
Apamama, seizure of: 9
APD's: 40, 47, 322
Appalachian: 313, 318, 321-22, 325, 339-40
Apra Harbor: 30, 308-09, 316, 353-54, 361, 363, 368, 370, 442-43
Arafura Sea area: 10, 18
Area bombardment
on Guam: 312, 314, 321-24, 326, 339
on Saipan: 42-44, 80, 91
on Tinian: 42-43, 286-87
Armknecht, Comdr. R. F.: 27
Armored amphibians, definition: 81n. See also LVT(A)'s.
Army Air Forces. See also Fifth Air Force; Seventh Air Force; Thirteenth Air Force.
advocates Marianas seizure: 12
aircraft employed in Marianas: 446

base troops for: 152
role in CENPAC plans: 11-12
Army Garrison Force, Saipan: 154
Arnold, General Henry H.: 1-2, 12
Artillery dispositions, Japanese
Guam: 332-35
Saipan: 16, 135, 166-67
Artillery strength, Japanese
Guam: 332-34
Saipan: 16, 135, 166-67
Artillery strength, U.S., Tinian: 286
Artillery support, Japanese. See also Guns, Japanese; Howitzers, Japanese.
Guam: 342, 344-45, 348, 352, 354, 362-63, 368, 393, 406, 412, 424-25, 428, 433
Saipan: 68, 96, 98, 103, 105-06, 114, 139, 143-44, 174, 188, 210, 216, 225, 230, 232
Tinian: 279, 282, 289
Artillery support, U.S.
air bursts: 155
air spotting for: 134-35
ammunition expenditures. See Ammunition expenditures, U.S.
communications for: 133
control of: 133-35
co-ordination of: 208, 286, 299, 409
failures in: 135
fire on friendly troops: 87, 228, 238, 345, 357, 369, 374, 392, 398, 402-03, 406-07, 425, 432-34
Guam: 345, 349, 352, 356, 362, 365, 367-69, 371, 373, 380, 386, 394, 396, 398, 400, 402, 404, 409, 414, 421, 423-24, 428-29, 432, 436
liaison in: 133
Saipan: 95-98, 100-102, 106, 108, 110-12, 114, 123, 133-35, 139, 142, 144, 146-48, 151, 154-55, 157, 160, 163, 168, 177, 179, 181, 186, 189, 203, 205, 207-09, 215, 217-18, 222, 224, 227, 230-31, 237-38, 241-42, 244, 246-47, 249, 252, 255, 259, 264
target designation: 135
Tinian: 133, 271-72, 274-77, 285-86, 291, 293, 295, 297-99, 302
Asan Point: 313, 322, 324, 331, 334, 339, 343, 358, 364
Asiga Bay: 278, 280, 283, 287-88, 294-95
Asiga Point: 270, 272, 275, 282
Asinan: 322, 381
Aslito airfield: 40, 44, 51-52, 132-33, 137, 141, 144, 149, 152, 155, 197-98. See also Isely Field.
capture of: 95-117
Japanese counterattack: 159
Japanese defense: 61, 67-68
Japanese development: 54, 60-61, 67-68, 72
in support of Tinian: 277
Atantano: 353-54, 356
Atomic bomb: 303, 443
Attack cargo ships. See AKA's.
Attack transports. See AKA's.
Australia: 4-7, 12
Automatic rifle fire. See Rifle fire, Japanese; Rifle fire, U.S.
Ayers, Col. Russell G.: 164-65, 169-70, 172, 178-79, 184, 186, 206-07, 213, 216
Ayuja River: 349-50

B-17's: 11
B-24's: 11, 12, 71, 323
B-25's: 120, 407, 430, 446
B-26's: 418, 421
B-29's

availability of, against Japan: 11-12, 14
first base established: 443
Guam as base for: 309
Kenney's plan for use of: 12
Marianas as base for: 443
military characteristics of: 11-12
role of, in defeat of Japan: 14, 117, 443-45
Baker, Sgt. Thomas A.: 259, 259n
Baker, Pvt. Thomas C.: 139
Banadero airfield. See Marpi Point.
Bancroft: 213
Bangi Point: 312, 316, 335, 340, 344-45, 352, 356
Banzai charges. See also Counterattacks, Japanese; Infiltration tactics, Japanese.
Guam: 365, 368, 371
Saipan: 256-61
Tinian: 302-03
Barbed wire
use of, by Japanese: 283, 322, 335
use of, by U.S.: 293
Barges: 277
Barnes: 23-24
Barrigada: 386-408, 414, 436
Bates, Capt. Robert T.: 215
Battle of the Philippine Sea. See Philippine Sea, naval battle of.
Battleships
California: 76-77, 96, 291, 302, 321
Colorado: 286, 289, 321
Idaho: 320-21
Maryland: 76
New Mexico: 321
Pennsylvania: 76, 320-21, 352
South Dakota: 122
Tennessee: 76, 289n, 291, 302, 321
Bayonet fighting. See also Hand-to-hand fighting.
Guam: 365
Saipan: 178, 254

Bazooka fire support
Guam, 88, 348, 392, 411, 428
Saipan: 98, 114, 179
Beaches
allocation of: 40, 43
BLUE Beach, Guam: 343
BLUE Beaches, Saipan: 81, 98, 100-101, 125
communications on: 124, 130
defense of, Japanese doctrine: 62-64, 334-35
GREEN Beach, Guam: 343
GREEN Beaches, Saipan: 81, 83, 86, 88-89, 92, 173
RED Beaches, Guam: 344
RED Beaches, Saipan: 81, 83, 87, 89-90, 98, 173
supply control on: 123-27
survey of. See Reconnaissance, beach, U.S.
WHITE Beach 1, Saipan: 128
WHITE Beaches, Guam: 344-45, 359
WHITE Beaches, Tinian: 272-75, 278, 282-83, 286-89, 291-92, 295, 299-300
YELLOW Beach 1, Tinian: 272-74, 282-83
YELLOW Beaches, Guam: 344-45
YELLOW Beaches, Saipan: 40, 43, 81, 87, 109-10, 127, 133
Betts, Capt. Howard: 183-84, 205, 247
Biak: 120-21
Big Gautali River: 363
Birmingham: 291, 302
Bishop, Lt. Col. Leonard A.: 109, 144, 150, 253-54
Bismarck Archipelago: 4, 8
Blandy, Adm. William H. P.: 99
Blount, Brig. Gen. Roy E.: 193
BLUE Beach, Guam: 343
BLUE Beaches, Saipan: 81, 98, 100-101, 125
Blue Staff: 39. See also Expeditionary Troops; Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC.
Bomber Command, XXI: 303, 443, 443n
Bombers, heavy. See B-17's; B-24's.
Bombers, medium. See B-26's.
Bombers, Navy. See PB4Y's.
Bombers, very long range. See B-29's.
Bonner, 2d Lt. Robert J.: 224
Booby traps: 283
Bomb tonnage expenditures: 325. See also Air attacks, carrier-based, U.S.; Air attacks, land-based, U.S.; Ammunition expenditures.
Bonin Islands: 23
Bouchard, Capt. Alexander C.: 228, 247
Boundaries, operational, Japanese: 65-67
Boundaries, operational, U.S.
on Guam: 312, 342-45, 421-22, 427, 431-34
in Micronesia: 22
in Pacific theater: 4-5
in Philippine Sea: 121
in POA: 4-5
in SWPA: 4-5
Boyles, Pfc. James R.: 250
Bradt, Lt. Col. Edward T.: 145, 231, 244, 248, 255-56
Braine: 76-77
British-American prewar conferences: 3
British Chiefs of Staff, at Casablanca: 6
Bruce, Maj. Gen. Andrew D.: 311, 315-18, 351, 355, 361, 368, 373-74, 379-88, 390, 392-93, 396-404, 406, 412, 417-19, 423, 427, 427n, 429-33, 436. See also Infantry Divisions, 77th.
Brusseau, Maj. Gregory: 205, 214, 218-19, 222, 232
Buckner, Lt. Gen. Simon B., Jr.: 193
Buckner Board: 193-96
Bundschu, Capt. Geary F., USMC: 344n
Bundschu Ridge: 344, 344n, 356
Burke, Lt. Richard F., USN: 272
Burkett, Lt. Col. Leo B.: 367
Burma: 4, 7, 8
Butler, Col. Arthur H., USMC: 344

Cabras Island: 29-30, 339-40, 344, 357, 363, 368
Cairo Conference decisions: 12, 17
California: 76-77, 96, 291, 302, 321
Cambria: 98-100
Camp Hyder: 315
Camp Tarawa: 45, 48
Campbell, 1st Lt. Andrew B.: 215
Canister

Guam: 369
Saipan: 156, 186, 253
Cannon companies. See Artillery support, U.S.; parent regiment under Infantry regiments.
Cape Obiam: 138
Cargo handling. See Loading and unloading operations.
Cargo requirements. See Shipping, U.S.
Cargo ships. See AK's; AKA's.
Carlson, Lt. Col. Evans F., USMC: 272
Caroline Islands
air attacks on: 71, 222
directive to Nimitz on: 2
as Japanese base for Guam: 324
Japanese seizure of: 4
placed under Nimitz: 19
plans for recovery of: 2-3, 7-9, 12, 17, 19
target date for: 13
Casablanca Conference decisions: 6-7
Casualties, Japanese
Guam, periodic: 348, 365-66, 369-70, 381, 388, 396, 402, 405, 407, 413-17, 426, 428-29, 431, 434, 436

total: 437
Philippine Sea, battle of: 441
Saipan: 74, 96, 97, 98, 159-60, 163, 165-66, 168, 173, 188, 210, 218-19, 241-42, 248-49, 253, 257-58, 258n, 265-66
Tinian, total: 294, 294n, 303
Casualties, U.S.
1st Marine Provisional Brigade: 356, 370, 437
2d Marine Division: 90, 189, 190, 227, 232, 238, 265
3d Marine Division: 344, 356, 364, 366, 403, 437
4th Marine Division: 159, 163, 187, 190, 232, 238, 265
27th Infantry Division: 105-06, 144, 146-48, 150, 159, 165, 175, 176, 178, 180, 183-86, 190, 204, 207, 213, 215, 217-18, 222, 224, 228, 231-32, 232n, 261, 265
77th Infantry Division: 348, 356, 391, 396, 401-02, 405, 411, 413-14, 416, 423, 425, 425n, 426-27, 429-31, 434, 437
Guam, evacuation of: 394-96, 398, 412
Guam, U.S.: 437, 446
Marianas, total: 446
Navy: 289
ratio among services: 446
Saipan, evacuation of: 260
Saipan, U.S.: 232, 265, 446
Tinian, U.S.: 289, 303, 446
Cates, Maj. Gen. Clifton B., USMC: 37, 272, 274, 294, 297, 300
Cavalier: 110
Cavalry Division, 1st: 15
Cavalry Reconnaissance Troops
27th: 45, 109, 231
77th: 316, 374-76, 380, 401, 413, 416
Celebes Island: 8, 10
Central Pacific Area
AAF role in: 11-12
assigned major role: 8
Cairo decisions on: 12, 17
Casablanca decisions on: 7
conflict of strategic ideas: 2-20
drive through, opens: 9
Japanese reinforcement of: 53-58
JCS directive on operations: I6-2o
JCS modification: g
King's views on plans for: 17-18
lines of communication in, attacks on: 13
MacArthur's views on plans for: 9-11, 17
Marshall's views on plans for: 16-18
Nimitz's schedule for: 13
Nimitz's views on plans for: 16-19
operations accelerated in: 39
prewar concept of strategy for: 2-4
priorities for: 16
revival of concept for: 6-20
submarine operations, U.S., in: 58-60, 70
two-pronged attack plan for: 8-9, 13, 16-17
Washington Conference decisions on: 7-9, 15-20
Central Saipan, drive on: 163-90, 203-33. See also Saipan.
Chacha: 166, 173, 187, 205-06, 213, 216
Chaguian: 421, 431-33
Chalgren, Lt. Col. Edward, Jr.: 347
Changsha: 12
Charan Danshii ridge: 230
Charan Kanoa: 29, 40-41, 43, 74, 79, 81, 85-87, 89, 91-93, 96-98, 100, 124, 127, 133
airfield development: 51, 61, 68
Chasmar, Capt. Paul J.: 105, 112, 175, 182, 205, 205n, 214-15, 218, 222
Chemical Mortar Battalion, 88th: 143, 177
Chemical weapons. See Chemical Mortar Battalion, 88th; White phosphorus, tactical use of.
Chesapeake Bay, as training area: 315
Chief of Staff, Japanese: 110. See also Imperial General Headquarters.
Chief of Staff, U.S. Army. See Marshall, General George C.
Chiefs of Staff. See Joint Chiefs of Staff.
China: 7-8, 12, 13, 15-19
Chonito Cliff: 344, 356
Churchill, Winston S.: 6, 7, 12
Civil government, Japanese, on Guam: 69
Civilians, Guamanian: 309, 332, 376, 381-82
Civilians, Japanese, in action on Saipan: 96, 137, 141, 232, 247-48, 265
Claire, Maj. Dennis D.: 111, 170, 219, 222, 248
Clark, Rear Adm. Joseph G.: 74
Classes of supply
daily allotments: 47-48,318
shortages in: 126
Climate
Guam: 309, 339, 406-07, 411, 416
Marianas: 27-28
Saipan: 27
Tinian: 300-301
Close air support. See also Air attacks, carrier-based, U.S.; Air attacks, land-based, U.S.
communications in: 132
control of: 132-33
effectiveness of: 133
on Guam: 313, 368
liaison in: 132-33
in Marianas: 446
on Saipan: 131-33, 227, 240
on Tinian: 299
Cloyd, 1st Lt. Edward L., Jr.: 175, 182
Coast Artillery Battalion, 32d: 46

Coast Artillery personnel, conversion to Field Artillery: 46
Coast Artillery Regiment, 55th: 46
Colorado: 286, 289, 321
Combat unit loading, definition of: 48n
Combined Bomber Offensive in Europe: 11
Combined Chiefs of Staff: 3, 6-9, 11, 12, 13
Command structure
conflict in Japanese: 56-57, 280
U.S. for Guam: 309-12
U.S. for Marianas: 33-36
U.S. for Saipan: 33-40
U.S. for Tinian: 275
Commander, Air Force, Pacific. See Towers, Vice Adm. John H.
Commander, Allied Air Forces, SWPA. See Kenney, Lt. Gen. George C.
Commander, Allied Naval Forces, SWPA: 16. Sea also Kinkaid, Vice Adm. Thomas C.
Commander, Landing Force Support Aircraft: 313-14
Commander, Service Force, Pacific: 318
Commander, Support Aircraft. See Whitehead, Capt. Richard F.
Commander, Support Aircraft Ashore: 299
Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet. See King, Admiral Ernest J.
Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas. See Nimitz, Admiral Chester W.
Communications, Japanese, on Guam: 325-26, 364n, 366, 378, 418
Communications, U.S. See also joint Assault Signal Companies.
in air support: 132
in amphibious operations: 45
in artillery support: 133
on Guam: 345, 355, 376, 387, 390, 398, 404, 409
on Saipan: 124, 130, 132-33, 156, 251-52, 260
on Tinian: 286, 292, 298-99
Conolly, Rear Adm. Richard L.: 33, 35, 99, 164, 311-15, 319-22, 324-26, 339-41, 359, 430
Conroy, Col. Gardiner J.: 112
Conroy Field: 112. See also Aslito airfield.
Construction, in Marianas
Japanese, preinvasion: 60-62
U.S., postinvasion: 443
Control, tactical, official doctrine: 198
Control line, definition: 85n, 86
Convoy unit loading, definition: 48n
Cooper, Capt. William B.: 422
Coral Sea, battle of: 4
Cornett, Lt. Col. Winslow: 170, 206-07, 215, 219
Corps
I Marine Amphibious: 309n
III Marine Amphibious. See also Geiger, Lt. Gen. Roy S., USMC.
on Guam: 309, 309n, 311-12, 314-20, 327, 337, 355, 370-71, 385, 397-98, 408-09, 422, 428, 432, 435-36
in Saipan landing: 39
V Marine Amphibious: 76, 119, 195n, 272, 309, 311, 314-16. See also Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC.
alerted for Marianas: 39
division of, into landing forces: 39-40
and shipping shortages: 48
and troop shortages: 40
XXIV: 316
Corps Artillery
III MAC: 311, 314, 352, 356, 367, 384, 396, 402, 421, 423
XXIV Corps: 46. See also Harper, Brig. Gen. Arthur M.
final organization of: 46
on Guam: 311
in Marianas: 38, 46
on Saipan: 40, 110, 128-29, 133-34, 149, 168, 181, 203
shipping shortages of: 48
on Tinian: 276-77, 285-86, 291, 298-99
training of: 46
Cotal: 373
Cothran, Capt. Lee P.: 380
Counterattacks, Japanese. See also Infiltration tactics, Japanese.
at Aslito airfield: 159
Guam: 347-48, 354, 364-67, 388, 391-92, 402, 411, 414, 428
Saipan: 95-96, 98, 103-04, 110, 141, 146, 154, 159, 168, 178, 210, 218, 243, 251, 256-62, 264
Tinian: 293-94, 302-03
Counterattacks, U.S., on Saipan: 261-66
Counterbattery fire
Guam: 312, 325
Saipan: 42-43
Tinian: 42, 285-86, 300
Counterlandings, Japanese: 110, 131, 213
Craig, Col. Edward A., USMC: 344, 383
Cruisers
Birmingham: 291, 302
Honolulu: 320, 352
Indianapolis: 191, 291, 437
Louisville: 287, 291, 302
Montpelier: 291, 302
New Orleans: 287
Culebra Island: 35
Cushman, Lt. Col. Robert E., USMC: 363

Dadi Beach: 362
Death Valley, drive on: 134-35, 170-81, 184-90, 194-95, 200, 203, 206-10, 213-14, 216-21, 230-32, 238
Dededo: 377, 407-08, 417
Defense doctrine, Japanese: 283, 332-33, 348
Defense systems, Japanese
on Guam: 322, 327
on Iwo Jima: 63
on Okinawa: 63
on Saipan: 51-52
Defense systems, U.S., on Guam: 22
Del Valle, Brig. Gen. Pedro A., USMC: 352, 356
Demolitions. See also Shaped charges; Underwater demolition teams.
on Guam: 316, 344, 369, 432
on Saipan: 127, 143, 264
training in: 45
Destroyer Division 46: 321
Destroyers
Bancroft: 213
Barnes: 23-24
Braine: 76-77
Gilmer: 272-73
Stringham: 272-73
Waller: 288
Dickerson: 322
Diesel oil, in fire bombs: 288
Distances, relative
Guam: 26, 307
Marianas: 26
Pacific: 1, 12, 47
Saipan: 1, 12, 26, 47
Tinian: 26, 269
Division Artillery
3d Marine Division: 367
77th Infantry Division: 352, 356, 367, 398, 400, 402, 421, 423, 429
Donnay: 220
Dooley, Capt. James A.: 219
Dorey, 1st Lt. Willis K.: 250-54
Dummy positions, Japanese concept of: 64
Dutch East Indies. See Netherlands Indies.
DUKW's: 45, 80, 124, 126, 128-29, 260-61, 275, 277, 289, 292, 301, 316, 319, 320, 345, 355, 358-59
Japanese type: 280
versatility of, proved: 300-301

Efate: 320
Embarkation operations. See also Loading and unloading operations.

for Guam: 318-19
for Saipan: 47-50
Embick, Lt. Gen. Stanley D.: 17
Engineer Battalions
34th: 124-25, 127
152d: 124-25
1341st: 124, 128, 275-76, 292, 300
Engineer Combat Battalions
102d: 253
242d: 345
302d: 384, 398
Engineer Group, 1165th: 124
Engineer operations. See also Engineer Battalions; Engineer Combat Battalions; Engineer troops, training of.
Guam: 344, 350, 384-85, 398, 404-05, 422, 427
Saipan: 101, 124, 127-28, 152, 156, 227, 253
Engineer troops, training of: 45
Eniwetok Island
as base for Guam: 315-20
as base for Marianas: 50
as base for Tinian: 271
target date for: 13
U.S. seizure of: 15-16, 39, 56
Enola Gay: 303
Erskine, Brig. Gen. Graves B., USMC: 99-100, 151, 169, 199
Espiritu Santo: 320
Europe, air attacks on: 11
Expeditionary Troops (Task Force 56): 35. See also Corps, V Marine Amphibious; Northern Troops and Landing Force; Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC; Southern Troops and Landing Force.
Holland Smith named commander: 35-36
intelligence estimates by: 50-52
operations plan: 40
orders palletizing: 48-49
rehearsals and training: 45-47

Facpi Point: 24, 308, 315-16, 334, 352, 355, 374, 376
Fadian Point: 307, 379
Fagan, Capt. Francis L., USMC: 403
Faibus San Hilo Point: 275, 280, 282, 288, 291, 295
Fairchild, Maj. Gen. Muir S.: 17
Famja: 378
Far East, defense plans for: 3
Farallon de Pajaros: 24
Fast Carrier Task Force. See Mitscher, Vice Adm. Marc A.; Task Forces, 58.
Feints. See also Ruses.

Tanapag Harbor: 40
Tinian: 276, 289
Ferris, Col. Charles: 125
Field Artillery, conversion of personnel to CAC: 46
Field Artillery Battalions
53d: 46
104th: 101, 148, 159, 215, 259

105th: 101-02, 259
106th: 101, 207-08, 259, 277, 299
145th: 38, 285n
225th: 98, 133, 285n
249th: 101-02
304th: 352, 362
305th: 345, 349, 352, 362, 368
306th: 362, 368
531st: 98, 133, 285
532d: 110, 285n
902d: 352, 362, 367, 380, 434
Field Artillery Groups
149th: 98
225th: 46
419th: 298
420th: 98, 299
Fifth Air Force: 11-12, 323. See also Kenney, Lt. Gen. George C.
Fifth Fleet: 33, 99, 121-22, 441, 446. See also Spruance, Vice Adm. Raymond A.
Fighter aircraft. See P-47's.
Fighter Group, 318th: 288
Fighter Squadrons
19th: 132
73d: 132
Fiji, Japanese designs on: 4
Fina Susu ridge. See Mount Fina Susu.
Finaguayac: 331
Finegayan: 308, 388, 391, 395, 396, 398, 401-04, 407, 414-17 419, 421, 431
Fire bombs, diesel oil in: 288
Fire control and direction. See Artillery fire support, control of; Naval gunfire support, control and co-ordination of.
Flame throwers
Guam: 316, 428, 432
Saipan: 101, 227, 242, 264
Tinian: 298
Flares, tactical use of: 341-42, 409. See also Illumination, battlefield.
Fleck, 1st Lt. Louis W.: 176
Fleet Marine Force, Pacific: 195n, 271. See also Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC.
Flores Point seaplane base: 41, 51-52, 54, 65, 242
Flying Fish: 99
Foery, Maj. Martin: 219, 238
Fonte plateau: 331, 363-66, 371-74, 377
FORAGER: 98. See also Guam; Mariana Islands; Rota Island; Saipan; Tinian.
Force Beachhead Line
definition of: 109
on Guam: 361-76, 379, 382
Formosa: 13, 15-19
Fortification, by Japanese
of Guam: 334-36
of Mandated Islands: 53-58
of Marianas: 61-62, 334
of Saipan: 61-62
of Tinian: 278-83
Fourth of July Hill: 241
Fremont: 99-100
Friendly troops, fire on
by aircraft: 227, 345, 357, 374, 407, 425, 427
by artillery: 87, 228, 238, 345, 357, 369, 374, 392, 398, 402-03, 406-07, 425, 432-34
by naval gunfire: 87
by small arms: 209
by tank fire: 402-03, 407, 432, 434
Fuchida, Capt. Mitsuo: 445
Fuchs, 2d Lt. Charles J.: 369
Fududome, Vice Adm. Shigeru: 445
Fuel depots, postbattle development of: 442-43
Fuel supply: 277-78

Gaan Point: 335, 342, 345-47, 352, 356
Ganio, 2d Lt. Gino: 250
Garapan: 28, 41, 52, 65, 67-68, 74, 79-80, 93, 95, 109, 116, 137, 163, 165-66, 168-69, 189-90, 210, 220, 227, 230, 232, 238-239, 243, 442
Geelvink Bay: 10, 18, 120
Geiger, Lt. Gen. Roy S., USMC: 35, 309-15, 318, 322, 325-27, 351, 354-55, 357, 361, 371, 374, 376, 378, 383, 385-86, 393, 400, 403, 408-09, 418, 421, 427, 429, 434, 436-37
George Clymer: 313, 339
George F. Elliott: 48
Gil, 1st Lt. Jose: 101, 104, 182
Gilbert Islands: 4, 7, 9, 13, 62
Gilliam, Maj. William M., USMC: 325
Gilmer: 272-73
GRANITE: 13-14, 16-17, 39
Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. See Philippine Sea, naval battle of.
GREEN Beach, Guam: 343
GREEN Beaches, Saipan: 81, 83, 86, 88-89, 92, 173
Greene, Lt. Col. Charles F.: 355
Greenling: 326-27
Grenade attacks, Japanese

Guam: 388, 405
Saipan: 156, 215, 222, 228, 231, 248
Grenade attacks, U.S.
Guam: 365, 392, 425, 428
Saipan: 178-79, 188, 217, 219, 264
Grenades, antitank, U.S.: 88, 159
Grid system of co-ordinates: 182n
Griffin, Col. Raphael, USMC: 276
Griner, Maj. Gen. George W.: 192-93, 225, 227-28, 230, 238, 244, 251, 253-54, 257, 261

Ground reconnaissance. See Reconnaissance, ground.
Guadalcanal: 6, 314, 319-20, 326
Guam: 307-437. See also Mariana Islands.
air attacks, Japanese: 23-24, 324
air attacks, U.S.: 43, 73, 99, 122, 312-14, 320, 322-25, 339-42, 345, 352, 357, 362, 368, 371, 378, 407, 418, 421-22, 425, 427, 430, 432, 436, 446
air losses, Japanese: 51, 323-24
air losses, U.S.: 323
airfield development, Japanese: 60
airfield development, U.S.: 334, 443
ambushes, Japanese: 390-91, 415, 422, 424
ammunition expenditures: 321, 323-24, 339, 367-69
ammunition shortages: 358-59
amphibious operations, Japanese: 24
antiaircraft defenses, U.S.: 23
antitank measures, Japanese: 335
area bombardment: 312, 314, 321-24, 326, 339
artillery dispositions, Japanese: 332-35
artillery fire support, Japanese: 342, 344-45, 348, 352, 354, 362-63, 368, 393, 406, 412, 424-25, 428, 433
artillery fire support, U.S.: 345, 349, 352, 356, 362, 365, 367-69, 371, 373, 380, 386, 394, 396, 398, 400, 402, 404, 409, 414, 421, 423, 424, 428-29, 432, 436
assault force strength: 36, 319
assault by Japanese: 24
assault phase: 339-59
as B-29 base: 309, 443
banzai attacks: 365, 368, 371
barbed wire use, Japanese, 322, 335
bayonet fighting U.S.: 365
bazooka fire support, U.S.: 88, 348, 392, 411, 428
beach defenses: 334-35
beaches, consolidation of: 348-54, 356-57
BLUE Beach: 343
bomb tonnages expended: 325
Bonins as Japanese base for: 23
boundaries, operational: 312, 342-45, 421-22, 427, 431-34
canister, U.S.: 369
Carolines as U.S. base for: 324
casualties, Army total: 437, 446
casualties, Japanese, periodic: 348, 365-66, 369-70, 381, 388, 396, 402, 405, 407, 413-17, 426, 428-29, 431, 434, 436
casualties, Japanese, total: 437
casualties, Marine Corps total: 437, 446
casualties, Navy total: 437
casualties, U.S., periodic: 344, 348, 356, 366, 391, 396, 401-03, 405, 411, 413-14, 416, 423, 425, 425n, 426, 427n, 428-31, 434
casualties, U.S. total: 437
civil government, Japanese: 69
climate: 309, 339, 406-07, 411, 416
close air support: 313, 368
command structure for: 309-12
communications, Japanese: 325-26, 364n, 366, 378, 418
communications, U.S.: 345, 355, 376, 387, 390, 398, 404, 409
consolidation phase: 361-76
counterattacks, Japanese: 347-48, 354, 364-67, 388, 391-92, 402, 411, 414, 428
counterbattery fire: 312, 325
damage assessment: 325-26, 335
declared secured: 437
defensive measures, Japanese: 322, 327
defensive measures, U.S.: 22
defensive plan, Japanese: 23, 55, 330-33
demolitions: 316, 344, 369, 432
distances, relative: 26, 307
dual-purpose guns, Japanese: 332
embarkation phase for: 318-19
engineer operations: 344, 350, 384-85 398, 404-05, 422, 427
Eniwetok as U.S. base for: 315-17, 319-20
evacuation of casualties: 394-96, 398, 412
exploitation phase: 377-408
first air mission against Japan from: 443
flame throwers, U.S.: 316, 428, 432
flares, tactical use of: 341-42, 409
Force Beachhead Line: 109, 361-76, 379, 382
fortification of, by Japanese: 334-36
friendly troops, fire on: 345, 357, 369, 374, 392, 398, 402-03, 406-07, 425, 432-34
fuel depot development: 443
garrison strength, Japanese: 55-56, 327, 329, 377, 430, 433, 437
garrison strength, U.S.: 22
GREEN Beach: 343
grenade attacks, Japanese: 388, 405
grenade attacks, U.S.: 365, 392, 425, 428
Guadalcanal as U.S. base for: 314, 319-20, 326
Hahajima as Japanese base for: 24
hand-to-hand fighting: 364-65
harbor facilities: 29, 309, 385
Hawaii as training area for: 316, 318-19
infiltration tactics, Japanese: 348, 351, 364, 388-90, 402, 414, 428
intelligence estimates: 326-27, 374-76, 396, 430, 433
Isely Field in support of: 430
Japanese admission of loss of: 436
Japanese seizure of: 24
Japanese situations, periodic: 329, 335-37, 377, 408, 417-18

JCS directive on: 309
Kwajalein as U.S. base for: 314
landing craft requirements: 319-20
landing craft shortages: 347, 355, 358
liaison measures: 345
loading and unloading operations: 316, 318-20
logistical aspects: 318-19
LVT losses: 342-43
machine gun fire support, Japanese: 64, 76, 156, 342, 344, 357, 362-63 365, 388, 391-95 402, 407, 411-12, 414, 422, 425, 427-28, 433
machine gun fire support, U.S.: 369, 371, 387-88, 391-92, 394-95, 412, 424, 428
map deficiencies: 326-27, 390, 404, 406, 413, 415
military police, U.S.: 347
mine clearance: 344, 369
mines, land, Japanese: 335, 354, 368, 385, 388, 401
morale, Japanese: 336-37, 339, 368, 371, 380, 432
mortar fire support, Japanese: 342, 344, 348, 352, 363, 368
mortar fire support, U.S.: 388, 395, 412, 414
mud, hindrance by: 406, 416
native population: 309
natives, Japanese treatment of: 332, 376, 381-82
naval base, development as: 22, 443
naval complement, U.S.: 22-23, 319, 321
naval gunfire support: 42, 312-13, 320-22, 325, 339-42, 345, 352, 354, 368-69, 378, 386, 413, 421, 423, 430, 432
Navy control of: 22
night actions: 364-65, 384, 411, 428
Nimitz directive on: 309-10
northern section, drive to: 377-437
officer losses, Japanese: 365, 417
officer losses, U.S.: 398
palletization of supplies: 318-19
panel displays: 374
panic, threat of: 412
pillboxes: 335, 342, 345, 357, 362, 368-69, 388, 392, 424
planning phase: 309-20
pole charges, U.S.: 432
population: 309
postwar resistance: 437
prisoners captured by U.S.: 430
psychological warfare: 437
ration shortages, U.S.: 382, 387
reconnaissance, aerial, Japanese: 23
reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.: 26, 51, 322-23, 326, 374, 387, 406, 409, 414-15
reconnaissance, beach, Japanese: 23
reconnaissance, beach, U.S.: 28, 322, 345, 355
reconnaissance, ground: 374-76, 380, 386-90, 394, 402-05, 407, 413, 415-17, 419, 430, 432, 434, 436
reconnaissance, submarine: 326-27
recovery of: 1, 7, 307-437
RED Beaches: 344
rehearsals and training: 314-18
reinforcements, Japanese: 329
reserves, landing: 354-56
rifle fire, Japanese: 342, 344, 349, 376, 388, 390-92, 395, 398, 407, 412, 414, 422, 424, 428, 433
rifle fire, U.S.: 365, 391-92, 395, 412, 424
road system: 308-09, 327, 383-87, 421-22
roadblocks, Japanese: 387-88, 401-03, 407, 435-36
roadblocks, U.S.: 345, 348, 407, 431
rocket fire support: 325, 342
ruses, Japanese: 378, 406
Saipan in support of: 418, 430
ship-to-shore movement: 342-43
shipping, U.S., attacks on: 23
shipping losses, Japanese: 321, 331
shipping requirements, U.S.: 319-20
shore party organization: 343-47
smoke, tactical use of: 403
snipers, Japanese: 373
Solomons as U.S. base for: 314, 319-20
strongpoints : 432
suicides, Japanese: 368, 432
supply operations: 318-20, 357-59 382-88, 417
supply tonnages: 319
surrender, U.S.: 24
tactical plans, Japanese: 23, 55, 309-20, 330-33, 377
tactical plans, U.S.: 164, 309-20, 400-402, 419, 430-31, 433
tank destroyer support: 369-70, 401
tank losses, Japanese: 334, 348, 354, 383, 394, 413, 415, 428
tank losses, U.S.: 355, 392, 424
tank strength, Japanese: 334
tank support, Japanese: 348, 354, 362-63, 383, 391-92, 411-12, 415, 425, 428, 436
tank support, U.S.: 316, 345, 348-50, 354, 337, 369-70, 373, 380, 386-90 392-96, 398, 400-405 407, 411-12, 414-16, 418-19, 423-27, 429-32, 434
target date for: 13, 39, 98-100, 312, 314-15, 320, 339
target designation: 314, 322, 409
terrain, difficulty of: 344-43, 349, 352-53, 356, 368-69, 374, 380, 384, 393, 397-401, 403-07, 409, 412-15, 417, 422, 424, 427, 435

topography: 24-26, 28-30, 307-09
training for: 315-18
troop dispositions, Japanese: 329-33
troop list, U.S.: 311
underwater demolition teams: 312, 322, 335
vegetation: 30, 308
water purification: 382
water shortage: 344, 382, 386, 400
water supply: 386-87, 398, 400
weapons available, Japanese: 333-34
WHITE Beaches: 344-45, 359
withdrawal to north, Japanese: 377-78
YELLOW Beaches: 344-45
Guns, Japanese
4-cm: 68, 224
6-in.: 160, 282, 289
8-cm: 68
12-cm: 68, 333
12.7-cm: 333
14-cm: 68, 160
15-cm: 68, 333
20-cm: 333, 388
20-mm: 282, 333, 394, 425
25-mm: 282, 333
37-mm: 282, 333, 335, 342, 425
40-mm: 335
47-mm: 282, 302, 415, 425
57-mm: 333, 412
70-mm. 342
75-mm: 93, 97, 167, 282, 332-33, 335, 342, 407
76.2-mm: 282
120-mm: 282
140-mm: 282, 286
dual-purpose: 106, 112, 139, 332
Guns, U.S.
20-mm: 322, 342, 352, 356
37-mm: 44, 81, 83, 88, 145, 154, 342
40-mm: 43, 131, 155, 160, 287, 322, 342, 352, 356
75-mm: 189, 302, 342, 394, 415
90-mm: 155, 157, 160, 368
105-mm: 97
155-mm: 38, 133, 285, 299, 352, 396
dual-purpose: 155, 157, 160
Gurguan Point: 269, 278, 282, 286, 288, 295, 303

Hahajima, as Japanese base for Guam: 24
Hale, Maj. Gen. Willis H.: 323
Hall, Col. W. Carvell, USMC: 344, 356
Hallden, Capt. Charles N.: 175, 177-78, 184, 214, 218
Halmahera: 10, 14, 18
Halsey, Admiral William F.: 5, 16
Hamilton, Col. Stephen S.: 355, 382, 392
Hand-to-hand fighting

Guam: 364-65
Saipan: 178, 218, 254-55, 258
Handy, Maj. Gen. Thomas T.: 195
Hanna, Maj. Joseph: 398
Hansa Bay: 10, 12, 18
Hara-kiri. See Suicides, Japanese.
Harakiri Gulch: 245-59, 262-64
Harbor facilities
Guam: 29, 309, 385
Marianas: 441-42
Saipan: 28, 442
Tinian: 272, 442
Harmon Field: 443
Harmon Road: 345, 348, 349-50, 352
Harper, Brig. Gen. Arthur M.: 38, 98, 110, 133, 276, 291. See also Corps Artillery, XXIV.
Harper, 2d Lt. Edward C.: 394
Hart, Lt. Col. Joseph T.: 100, 226, 230
Hashigoru: 220
Hathorn Sound: 320
Hawaiian Islands
as base for Marianas: 39, 45-46, 48, 316, 318-19
as base for Marshalls: 9
in P.I. line of communication: 3
role in Pacific plans: 2
training area for Marianas: 46-47, 76, 316, 318-19
Hayashi, Lt.: 279
Headquarters ships. See AGC's.
Heavy bombers. See B-24's.
Heavy weapons companies. See parent battalion under Infantry Battalions.
Heikens, 1st Sgt. Edward: 205
Hell Valley. See Paradise Valley.
Hell's Pocket: 177-78, 186, 188, 208-09, 213, 215, 217, 219, 224, 225, 227
Heminway, Capt. William T: 175, 177, 184
Hensley, 1st Lt. Kenneth J., USMC: 265
Hepburn Board: 22
Hercules: 48
Higashikuni, Naruhiko: 445
Higgins boats. See LCVP's.
High-speed transports. See APD's.
Hill, Rear Adm. Harry W.: 35, 78, 99, 272, 274-75, 286-89, 291, 299, 315
Hill, 2d Lt. Ralph W.: 231
Hill 40, Guam: 345, 348
Hillman, Capt. Charles T.: 412
Hills, derivation of names: 182n
Hills, Saipan
Able: 173, 182, 205n, 206, 214, 218, 221-22, 224-25, 227-31
George-How: 182
King: 182-83, 204, 213, 217-18, 221-22, 228, 231

Love: 175, 176, 182-84, 190, 204
Oboe: 182, 204, 213-14, 217, 219, 221-22
Queen: 182
Uncle-Victor: 231
Victor: 205, 214-15
Xray-Yoke: 182-84, 203-05, 205n, 214, 219, 222
112: 237, 239
221: 221, 237, 242
230: 116, 165
286: 116, 165, 173
343: 173
500: 159, 163
600: 181-82, 187
700: 226, 229-30, 238
721: 240-41, 245
767: 241, 245, 249
Hilo staging area: 48
Hiragushi, Maj. Takashi: 131
Hirohito, Emperor of Japan: 117
Hiroshima, bombing of: 303, 443
Hiruma, Capt. Masagi: 279
Hitchner, 2d Lt. Richard: 184
Hiyo: 122
Hodge, Maj. Gen. John R.: 193
Hogaboom, Col. Robert, USMC: 149
Hollandia: 10, 18-19, 69
Holmes, Brig. Gen. Henry B., Jr.: 193
Hong Kong: 3, 8
Honolulu: 320, 352
Hori, Maj. Gen. Tomitara: 23
Howitzers, Japanese, 105-mm: 93, 333. See also Artillery support, Japanese; Guns, Japanese.
Howitzers, U.S. See also Artillery support, U.S.; Guns, U.S.
75-mm: 81, 83, 90, 92, 95, 97n, 215, 247, 275-77, 286, 289, 298
105-mm: 45, 95-96, 129, 148, 215, 247, 261, 276, 298, 380, 423
155-mm: 38, 93, 96, 133, 207, 291, 298-99, 352, 423
Hump operations: 12

Idaho: 320-21
Iketa, Maj. Gen. Keiji: 117
Illumination, battlefield: 95-96, 130, 209
Imanishi, Lt.: 323-24
Imperial General Headquarters: 58, 69-70, 117, 326
Inalas: 351, 356, 373
Inarajan: 331
India, air supply to China from: 12
Indianapolis: 191, 291, 437
Infantry Battalions

1st, 105th Regiment: 109, 111-12, 138-46, 150, 220, 226, 238, 241-42, 251, 253-56, 258, 261
2d, 105th Regiment: 109, 111, 144-45, 147-48, 150-61, 191, 198-200, 245, 247-48, 251-61
3d, 105th Regiment: 109, 111-13, 138, 141-42, 144-45, 150, 152, 225, 227-28, 231, 238, 244-45, 247-51, 253-54, 256, 258-59
1st, 106th Regiment: 38, 165, 170, 186, 203-04, 206-07, 213, 215, 217, 219-20, 224-25, 227-28, 231, 241, 261
2d, 106th Regiment: 169-70, 178, 184, 186-88, 203, 206-10, 213-14, 216-19, 222-24, 227-28, 231, 241, 261
3d, 106th Regiment: 38, 169-70, 172, 175, 177-80, 184-86, 203, 206-07, 213-15, 217-20, 222-25, 232, 241, 242, 262
1st, 165th Regiment: 100-106, 111-13, 138, 140-41, 170, 175-77, 181-84, 220, 226, 230, 240, 242, 244, 248-49, 262
2d, 165th Regiment: 100-102, 105-06, 111-13, 138, 140, 142, 144, 170, 175-77, 182-83, 204-05, 213-22, 225-32, 244-48
3d, 165th Regiment: 100n, 102, 111-14, 140, 142-47, 150, 170, 183-85, 204-07, 219-20, 222, 226, 229-30, 238, 241, 244-45, 247, 249, 254, 264
1st, 305th Regiment: 317, 345-49, 373-75, 380, 382, 387, 394, 397, 404-05, 409-13, 419, 427, 429, 436
2d, 305th Regiment: 317, 345-46 349, 352, 363, 380, 382, 387-88, 394, 397, 404-13, 419, 422, 427, 429, 436
3d, 305th Regiment: 317, 345-47, 349, 352, 373-74 380-82, 387-88, 390, 393-94 397, 405, 411, 413, 417, 427-29
1st, 306th Regiment: 355, 414-16, 419, 422, 426-27, 429, 431-34
2d, 306th Regiment: 355, 422, 429, 431-44
3d, 306th Regiment: 355, 413-17, 419, 422, 425-26, 428-29, 431-34
1st, 307th Regiment: 380-82, 387-88, 390-92, 394, 396-97, 402-04, 416-17, 422, 425-26, 428-30
2d, 307th Regiment: 363, 373-74, 380, 382, 387, 390, 392-95, 397-403, 417, 422-23, 425, 429-30
3d, 307th Regiment: 371, 373, 380, 382, 387-91, 397-402, 404, 416-17, 422-25, 427, 429-30, 432, 434
Infantry Companies. See parent battalion under Infantry Battalions.
Infantry Divisions
1st: 33
7th: 14, 37
25th: 38
27th: 191-201. See also Griner, Maj. Gen. George W.; Jarman, Maj. Gen. Sanderford; Smith, Maj. Gen. Ralph C.
at Aslito airfield: 95-117

casualties: 105-06, 144, 146-48, 150, 159, 165, 175-76, 178, 180, 183-86, 190, 204, 207, 213, 215, 217-18, 222, 224, 228, 231-32, 232n, 261, 265
in central Saipan drive: 163-90, 203-33
combat experience of: 38
at Eniwetok: 15
on Guam: 311, 314
at Makin: 9
multiple plans for: 41-42
at Nafutan Point: 137-61, 163
National Guard background of: 37
in New Hebrides: 265
in northern Saipan drive: 237-66
overseas service of: 37-38
in Saipan landing: 36, 39, 41, 99-106, 109-11, 114, 125-26, 128, 130, 135
in southern Saipan drive: 71-117, 137-61
on Tinian: 276-77, 286
training and rehearsals: 45, 47, 49-50
77th. See also Bruce, Maj. Gen. Andrew D.
alerted for Marianas: 39
casualties: 348, 356, 391, 396, 401-02, 405, 411, 413-14, 416, 423, 425, 425n, 426-27, 429-31, 434, 437
on Guam: 311-12, 315-436
training: 315-18
Infantry Regiments
105th: 41, 100, 109-10, 114, 124-25, 138, 144, 147, 149, 152, 154, 160, 191, 198-200, 225, 227-28, 244, 254, 259, 261, 276
106th: 15, 41, 47, 50, 99-100, 111, 124, 126, 144-45, 164-65, 170, 172, 177-78, 181-82, 187, 190, 201, 203, 205, 207, 213-14, 216, 219-20, 225, 227-28, 231-32, 238, 241-42, 244, 259, 261
165th: 38, 41, 100-106, 109, 111, 114-15, 124-25, 139-40, 142, 144, 147, 169-70, 172, 180-82, 186-87, 190, 198-99, 201, 203-04, 206, 208-09, 216-17, 220, 232, 241, 244, 261, 263-65
305th: 315-16, 319, 344-45, 348, 350-56, 361-63, 373, 380-82, 386-88, 390-91, 393-94, 396-402, 404-05, 409, 411, 413, 416-17, 419, 422, 427, 429-31
306th: 317, 351-52, 355-56, 361-63, 378-80, 393, 401-02, 404-05, 409, 412, 414-23, 426-27, 429, 431-34, 436
307th: 317, 351, 355, 357, 361, 363, 380, 382, 386-88, 390-94, 396-405, 409, 414, 416-17, 419-26, 429-34, 436
Infantryman, load of: 347
Infiltration tactics, Japanese. See also Banzai attacks.
Guam: 348, 351, 364, 388-90, 402, 414, 428
Saipan: 96-97, 152, 159, 244
Tinian: 294
Infiltration tactics, U.S., on Saipan: 177
Intelligence estimates, U.S.
on Guam: 326-27, 374-76, 396, 430, 433
on Marianas: 26-27
on Saipan: 50-52, 152, 160
on Tinian: 278-80, 282-83, 295
Interservice co-ordination, U.S.: 446-47
Interservice differences, Japanese: 56-57, 280
Interservice differences, U.S.: 149-51, 178-79, 191-201, 447
Ipapac: 377
Isely Field: 286, 288, 295, 299, 443. See also Aslito airfield.
first B-29 base: 443
misspelling of name: 112, 443n
in support of Guam: 430
Isely, Comdr. Robert H.: 112, 443n
Island Command, Guam: 320
Isumi, Capt.: 279
Iwo Jima: 63, 445

Japan

agents of, landed on Guam: 23
Aleutians, plans for: 4
bombing of
from China: 7, 8, 12
from Guam: 443
from Marianas: 8, 12, 14, 443
plans for: 2, 7-8, 11-14
role of B-29 in: 443-45
from Tinian: 303
defensive forced on: 4-6
and East Indies lines of communication: 6-7
Fiji, plans for: 4
government, fall of: 445
Guam loss, admission of: 436
JCS plan for defeat of: 7-9
League of Nations, withdrawal from: 53
Marianas, effect of loss on: 443, 445-46
Midway, decisiveness of: 4, 119
militarists, decline of: 1
New Caledonia, plans for: 4
Pacific conquests, extent of: 4
plans for defeat of: 2-4, 7-9
role of Marianas in defeat of: 443
Samoa, plans for: 4
Japanese Army units. See also Imperial General Headquarters.
Group, Southern Marianas Army: 329
Army, 31st: 57, 61-64, 69-70, 74, 78-79, 95-96, 110-11, 116-17, 131, 166, 211, 221, 329, 371, 378, 408
Divisions
29th: 58-59, 211, 221, 325-26, 331
43d: 58-59, 61, 65, 67, 72, 117, 166, 173, 258

Brigades
9th Independent Mixed: 58, 67
10th Independent Mixed: 329, 331
47th Independent Mixed: 58-59, 65, 67, 137, 159, 163, 166, 211
48th Independent Mixed: 58, 326, 327n, 331, 339, 364, 377
Regiments
3d Independent Mountain Artillery: 65, 68, 211, 258
7th Independent Engineer: 61, 65, 166, 211
9th Tank: 65, 68, 79, 98, 166, 211, 331-32, 334
10th Independent Mixed: 58
10th Independent Mixed Infantry: 332-33, 364, 366
11th Independent Engineer: 166
11th Infantry: 327, 327n
11th Mountain Artillery: 331
15th Infantry: 59
16th Independent Engineer: 61
18th Infantry: 59, 69, 110, 326, 331, 333, 364-66
25th Antiaircraft Artillery: 65, 68-69, 76
38th Infantry: 326, 311, 332-33, 348
50th Infantry: 278, 280, 289, 293-94
118th Infantry: 60, 65, 166, 172, 211, 258
135th Infantry: 65, 93, 117, 166, 211, 245, 258, 278, 294
136th Infantry: 65, 67, 98, 166, 173, 211, 241-42, 245, 258
Battalions
38th Infantry Regiment Artillery: 331-32
52d Antiaircraft Artillery: 332
315th Independent Infantry: 65
316th Independent Infantry: 65
317th Independent Infantry: 65, 137, 159
318th Independent Infantry: 65
319th Independent Infantry: 331
320th Independent Infantry: 331
321st Independent Infantry: 331
322d Independent Infantry: 331
Companies
18th Infantry Tank: 278, 280
43d Independent Antiaircraft: 69
45th Field Machine Cannon: 69
264th Independent Motor Transport: 279
miscellaneous units
1st Expeditionary Unit: 58-59, 63
5th Expeditionary Unit: 58-59
6th Expeditionary Unit: 58-59
8th Expeditionary Unit: 69
9th Expeditionary Unit: 59, 166
10th Independent Mixed Regiment Artillery Unit: 331
29th Division Tank Unit: 331, 334, 377
29th Field Hospital Detachment: 279
38th Independent Mixed Brigade Artillery Unit: 331
47th Independent Mixed Brigade Artillery Unit: 68
53d Field Hospital: 258
60th Antiaircraft Defense Unit: 329
82d Antiaircraft Defense Unit: 279
83d Antiaircraft Defense Unit: 279
755th Air Unit: 332
Coastal Security Force, Tinian: 280
Home Defense Headquarters: 445
Japanese Mandated Islands: 2-3, 22, 53-58
Japanese naval units
Fleets
Combined: 56, 60-61, 69, 99, 119-20, 445
Central Pacific Area: 56-57, 60-61, 65, 280
1st Air: 121, 279-80
1st Mobile: 120-21, 314, 323, 441
2d Air: 445
4th: 55-57
6th Submarine: 445
10th Area: 445
Forces
Yokosuka 1st Special Naval Landing: 55-56, 65, 98, 106
5th Base: 65
5th Defense: 23, 55
5th Special Base: 55
54th Naval Guard: 55, 59, 327, 329, 332
55th Naval Guard: 58, 65, 256
56th Naval Guard: 278-80, 289, 294
65th Naval Guard: 58
Mount Santa Rosa Garrison: 377-78
miscellaneous units
4th Fleet Naval Stores Depot: 54-55
4th Naval Air Depot: 55
5th Communications Unit: 55
5th Construction Unit: 378
5th Field Hospital: 378n
16th Shipping Engineers Regiment: 65, 67, 258
18th Air Unit: 23
30th Labor Unit: 378n
217th Construction Unit: 378n
218th Construction Unit: 378n
233d Construction Unit: 279
263d Air Unit: 348, 378n
521st Air Unit: 378n
523d TOKA: 279
Otori Unit: 331
South Seas Detachment: 23
Japanese Navy
diversion of units: 120-21
Leyte Gulf battle, effect on: 445

plans for engagement of: 13, 119-20, 441
Saipan, force on: 65
shortages in: 120
Japanese situations, periodic
on Guam: 329, 335-37, 377, 408, 417-18
on Saipan: 1, 16-17, 165-67, 211-13, 221
on Tinian: 278-83
Jarman, Maj. Gen. Sanderford: 165, 178-79, 187, 191, 201, 203, 206-08, 213, 216, 219, 222, 225
Java: 3
Jensen, Lt. Col. Leslie M.: 147-48, 152, 257
JIG Day, use of term: 275
John Land: 50
Johnson, 1st Lt. George T.: 180, 185-86
Joint Army and Navy Board: 2, 7. See also joint Chiefs of Staff.
Joint Assault Signal Companies
1st: 130
2d: 130
292d:316
295th: 45, 130
Joint Chiefs of Staff
at Casablanca Conference: 6
directive on Guam: 309
directive on Marianas: 1-2
directive on Nauru: 9
directive on Pacific planning: 16-20
directive on Rabaul: 5
directive on Tarawa: 9
functions of: 1-2
modifies plan for CENPAC: 9
plan for defeat of Japan: 2-4, 7-9
reorganizes Pacific theater: 4-5
postpones Marshalls operation: 10-11
Joint Expeditionary Force: 99. See also Turner, Vice Adm. Richmond Kelly.
Joint Intelligence Center, POA: 26-27
Joint Logistics Committee: 18
Joint Staff Planners: 7, 39
Joint Strategic Survey Committee: 17-19
Jones, Capt. James L., USMCR: 272
Joy, Rear Adm. C. Turner: 321
Jungle operations
Japanese ability: 418
tactical principles: 397-98, 418, 426
training in: 45
Jupiter: 48

Kagman Hill: 210
Kagman peninsula: 29, 67, 133-34, 166, 168, 170, 182, 187, 190, 210, 216, 225-26, 232-33
Kagman Plain: 206, 210
Kahi, Maj. Katuro: 279
Kahoolawe training area: 46-47, 76, 316
Kahului staging area: 48
Kai: 14
Kakuta, Vice Adm. Kakuji: 279-80
Karaberra Pass: 264
Kataoaka, Lt. Col. Ichiro: 366
Kauffman, Lt. Comdr. Draper L.: 272
Kavieng: 12, 13, 15, 18, 19
Keiyo Maru: 74n
Kelley, Col. Gerard W.: 100-102, 105-06, 111-12, 141-42, 144, 169-70, 177, 183, 204-05, 220, 226, 232
Kemp, Staff Sgt. Laurence I.: 105
Kenney, Lt. Gen. George C.: 11-12, 14. See also Fifth Air Force.
Kernan, Brig. Gen. Redmond F., Jr.: 170, 192, 215, 277
Kimbrell, Lt. Col. Gordon T.: 355, 425
King, Admiral Ernest J.: 195-96

advocates acceleration in Pacific: 6
on CENPAC plans: 17-18
on control of SOPAC naval forces: 17
on JCS: 1
on Marianas operation: 6-9, 14, 441, 446
supported by AAF: 12
King, 1st Lt. Hugh P.: 254, 259
Kinkaid, Vice Adm. Thomas C.: 14
Kiska: 7
Knee mortars. See Grenade attacks, Japanese.
Kohler Field: 443
Koga, Adm. Mineichi: 119-20
Kokuyo Maru: 59
KON operation: 120-21
Konoye, Fumimaro: 443-44
Kuril Islands, Japanese seizure: 4
Kwajalein: 13, 39, 50, 56, 314

L-4 liaison aircraft: 135
Lae: 7
Laguas River: 363
Lake Susupe: 29, 108-09, 115, 165
Lalo Point: 269
Land mines. See Mines, land, clearance of; Mines, land, use by Japanese.
Landing craft. See also LCI's, LCI(G)'s; LCM's; LCVR's; LCR's; LVT's; LCVP's; LSD's; LSD's; LVT's; LVT(A)'s; LVT(A)(1)'s, LVT(A)(4)'s.

Guam, requirements for: 319-20
shortages in: 100n, 347, 355, 358
Landing operations. See also Amphibious operations; Counterlandings, Japanese.
Guam: 339-59
Saipan: 71-93
Tinian: 288-93
Landing ships. See LSD's; LST's.
Landrum, Lt. Col. James E., Jr.: 347
Larsen, Maj. Gen. Henry L., USMC: 320
LaSalle: 50
Laulau: 116, 168, 181
LCI's: 43, 288

LCI(G)'s: 42-44, 80, 110, 129, 131, 213, 264, 287, 291, 322, 342, 386
LCM's: 80, 92, 277, 288-89, 316, 342
LCVR's: 328
LCR's: 272-74, 347
training in use: 45
LVT's: 124, 128, 277, 288-89, 316
LCVP's: 85n, 288, 316, 346, 358
League of Nations, Japanese withdrawal from: 53
Leahy, Admiral William D.: 1
Learner, Lt. Col. Charles F.: 373, 398
Lee, Vice Adm. William A., Jr.: 74
Leever, Lt. Col. Edward B.: 368
LeMieux. Capt. Roderick V.: 188
Leonard, Capt. Francis T.: 112, 175, 182-83, 204-05
Levi, Pfc. Benno: 374
Leyte Gulf: 99
naval battle of: 445
Liaison aircraft: 135
Liaison measures
in air support: 132-33
on Guam: 345
in naval gunfire: 130-31
on Saipan: 111, 130-33
on Tinian: 299
Liberators, Navy: 26
Liberty ships: 47, 442
Liguan: 421-22, 426-27, 431
Lines of communication, Allied: 8
Lines of communication, Japanese
acceleration of operations against: 9
CENPAC, attacks through: 13
Japan-East Indies: 6-7
Marianas as threat to: 8
Netherlands Indies-Japan: 15, 445
Lines of communication, U.S.
Australia-United States: 4-7
Hawaii-Philippines: 3
Marianas-Eniwetok: 26
Philippines-United States: 3
Loading and unloading operations
combat unit, definition of: 48n
convoy unit, definition of: 48n
at Guam: 316, 318-20
palletization of supplies: 48-49, 128, 318-19
at Saipan: 47-50, 99, 110, 123-24
slings, use of: 277
at Tinian: 272, 277, 300
training in: 45-46
Lockwood, Vice Adm. Charles A.: 33
Logistical operations. See also Supply operations.
in amphibious operations: 123-31
China airfields, support of: 12
Guam: 318-19
Saipan: 123-29
Tinian: 270-71, 277
Los Negros Island: 15
Louisville: 287, 291, 302
Love, Capt. Edmund G.: 150n, 196, 248n
Lovell, Maj. John: 371, 398
LSD's: 47, 80, 277, 288-89, 342
LST's: 47-50, 78-79, 89, 124, 127-28, 275, 277, 288-89, 301, 314, 316, 319, 342
Lulog: 419, 432, 434, 436
Lumuna Point: 427
Luzon: 13, 15-19. See also Philippine Islands.
LVT's: 43-44, 47, 49, 79-87, 85n, 89-91, 124, 261, 265, 275, 277-89, 291-92, 301, 316, 319-20, 342-43, 346-47, 350, 355, 357-59
losses at Guam: 342-43
repair of: 442
LVT(A)'s: 43-45, 49, 79-80, 82-92, 101, 239, 275, 291, 302, 313, 342, 349-50, 357
LVT(A)(1)'s: 81
LVT(A)(4)'s: 81
Lynn Haven Roads: 35

Maalea Bay, rendezvous area: 46
Maanot Pass: 349, 352, 361, 363
Maanot Reservoir: 374
MacArthur, General Douglas: 196

on CENPAC plans: 9-11, 17
and JCS directive on Rabaul: 5
on Marianas operation: 11
on Marshalls operation: 10-11
New Guinea, plans for recovery: 12
New Guinea-Mindanao plan: 16
and Philippines: 10
on RENO: 16-18
SOPAC naval forces, on control of: 16-17
and SWPA: 4, 10, 15, 18
on Truk seizure: 16
McCarthy, Maj. Edward: 248, 251-53, 256-61
McCormick, Maj. Stephen J.: 192n
McCoy, 1st Lt. Robert C.: 207
McDonough, Lt. Col. John F.: 101, 170, 176, 179, 204-05, 232
McGregor, 1st Lt. John T.: 224
Machine gun fire support, Japanese
Guam: 342, 344, 357, 362-63, 365, 388, 391-95, 402, 407, 411-12, 414, 422, 425, 427-28, 433
Saipan: 97-98, 102, 106, 114-15, 143, 147, 150, 153, 157, 159, 168-69, 175, 177, 180-84, 204-05, 207, 210, 213, 215-19, 222, 224, 227, 229-31, 238, 240, 242, 248, 250-54, 265
Tinian: 302
Machine gun fire support, U.S.
Guam: 369, 371, 387-88, 391-92, 394-95, 412, 424, 428
Saipan: 44, 95, 98, 145, 156, 184, 186, 213, 225, 230, 250-51, 253, 256, 259

Tinian: 293
Machine guns, Japanese
7.7-mm: 282
13-mm: 282
Machine guns, U.S.
caliber .30: 22
caliber .50: 22-23, 352
Mackin, Maj. Thomas R.: 398, 402, 425
McKinley, William: 22
McMillin, Capt. C. J., USN: 24
McMorris, Rear Adm. Charles H.: 14
McNair, Col. Douglas C.: 355, 416, 427n
McNair, Lt. Gen. Lesley J.: 416n
McNarney, Lt. Gen. Joseph T.: 195
Magellan, Ferdinand: 21
Magicienne Bay: 28, 40-42, 67-68, 79, 97, 111, 114, 116, 133, 137-38, 140-42, 163, 165-66, 168, 170, 172, 181, 216, 273
Magpo Point: 350-51, 356
Mahan, Adm. Alfred Thayer: 119
Mahoney, Maj. James H.: 101, 170, 248-49
Majuro Atoll: 14-15, 71
Makin Atoll: 9, 56
Makunsha: 243, 247-48, 253-54, 257-58, 264
Malacca Strait: 8
Malaya: 3, 4, 7
Manengon: 332
Mang, Lt. Comdr. Louis W., USNR: 288
Mangan Quarry: 364
Maniagassa Island: 41, 265
Manuel, Lt. Col. Thomas B.: 392, 425, 430
Manus Island: 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 19
Map deficiencies
on Guam: 326-27, 390, 404, 406, 413, 415
on Saipan: 116
Map grid system: 182n
Marcus Island, air attacks on: 71
Mariana Islands. See also Cabras Island; Guam; Maniagassa Island; Pagan Island; Rota Island; Saipan; Tinian; Yona Island.
AAF advocates seizure of: 12
AAF aircraft engaged in: 446
air attacks on: 56, 69, 446
air losses, Japanese: 323
aircraft employed, U.S.: 446
airfield development, Japanese: 54, 60-62
airfield development, U.S.: 8, 12, 14, 441, 443, 445
Army's role, assessment of: 446
assault force strength: 36
as B-29 base: 443
as base for bombing Japan: 4, 12, 14, 443
casualties: 446
Churchill approval: 12
climate: 27-28
command structure: 33-36
construction, Japanese: 60-62
construction, postbattle: 443
defense tactics, Japanese: 63-64
distances, relative: 26
effect of loss of, on Japan: 443, 445-46
Eniwetok as U.S. base for: 50
fortification of, by Japanese: 61-62, 334
garrison strength: 55-56
geography: 24-30
harbor facilities: 441-42
Hawaii as U.S. base for: 39, 45-46, 48, 316, 318-19
history of: 21-22
in line of communications: 26
intelligence estimates: 26-27
interservice co-ordination: 446-47
Japanese expectations: 69-70
JCS directive: 1-2
joint operations, example of: 447-48
Joint Staff study for: 39
key to western Pacific: 7-8
King's views on: 6-9, 14
Kwajalein as U.S. base for: 50, 314
MacArthur's views on: 11
Majuro as U.S. base for: 71
Marine Corps force engaged: 446
martial law, Japanese: 69
naval base development: 441-42
naval construction battalions at: 442
naval gunfire support: 71-78, 446
Navy's role in seizure of: 446
Nimitz as commander: 2, 19, 33, 39
objectives of seizure: 441-43
occupation by Japan: 4, 22-24
palletization of supplies: 48-49
Pearl Harbor conference on: 14
Philippine Sea battle, effect on: 99, 119-23, 441, 445
population: 21
prewar activities in: 53-55
reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.: 26, 43, 71, 73, 323
reconnaissance, beach, U.S.: 28
reconnaissance, submarine, U.S.: 26
reinforcement, Japanese: 53-60
role in Japanese defeat: 443
role in Japanese plans: 55-56, 445
role in U.S. prewar plans: 3
Roosevelt approval: 12
seizure by U.S., events leading to: 1-20
seizure by U.S., objectives: 441-43
shipping losses, Japanese: 73-74
target date for: 13, 19-20
topographical features: 29, 45, 62-63
Marine Amphibian Tractor Battalions
2d: 81, 275, 291
3d: 320

4th: 320
5th: 275
10th: 82, 84-85, 275
11th: 82
Marine Amphibious Truck Companies
1st: 300
2d: 300
Marine Armored Amphibious Tractor Battalion,
2d: 44, 81, 86, 275
Marine Artillery Battalions
1st, 10th Regiment: 90, 275
2d, 10th Regiment: 90, 275
3d, 10th Regiment: 98, 259, 261
4th, 10th Regiment: 97
4th, VMAC Artillery: 298
5th, VMAC Artillery: 286
Marine Artillery Regiments
10th: 90, 97, 298
12th: 365
14th: 92, 101, 159, 241, 275, 292, 298
Marine Brigade, 1st Provisional
casualties: 356, 370, 437
on Guam: 38n, 164, 311-12, 315-17, 320, 344-45, 350-52, 354-58, 361, 367-68, 379, 407-08, 418, 434, 436
Marine Corps
amphibious doctrine, prewar: 33, 350
forces engaged in Marianas: 446
tactical doctrine: 350
Marine Corps schools: 27
Marine Defense Battalions
9th: 311, 352, 356, 407
14th: 311, 356, 368
Marine divisional artillery organization: 286n
Marine Divisions
1st: 33-35
2d: 191-201
activation: 36
at Aslito: 95-117
casualties: 90, 189-90, 227, 232, 238, 265
in central Saipan drive: 163-91, 203-33
combat experience: 37
at Nafutan Point: 137-61
in northern Saipan drive: 237-66
in Saipan landing: 36, 40-41, 44, 48, 67, 78-81, 83, 85-90, 92-93, 95-97, 106-11, 114-16, 124-25, 128, 130
in southern Saipan drive: 71-117, 137-61
on Tarawa: 9, 37
on Tinian: 275-76,288-303
training and rehearsals: 45-47, 50
3d
casualties: 344, 356, 364, 366, 403, 437
on Guam: 311-13, 315-16, 320, 331, 339-40, 343-45, 348, 356, 361, 363-65, 371, 373, 378-79, 383-85, 387, 393, 396-98, 400-403, 407, 416-18, 421-22, 432-36
4th: 191-201
activated: 37
at Aslito: 95-117
casualties: 159, 163, 187, 190, 232, 238, 265, 293
in central Saipan drive: 163-90, 203-33
combat experience: 37
in Marshalls: 14-15
at Nafutan Point: 137-61
in northern Saipan drive: 237-66
in Saipan landing: 36, 40, 44, 48, 78-79, 81, 83, 85-89, 91-93, 96-101, 105-09, 111, 113-16, 124-25, 128, 130
in southern Saipan drive: 71-117, 137-61
on Tinian: 272, 274-75, 277, 288-303
training and rehearsals: 45-50
6th: 38n
Marine Engineer Regiments
18th: 300
19th: 385
20th: 276, 292, 300
Marine Infantry Battalions
1st, 2d Regiment: 40-41, 97, 227, 264
2d, 2d Regiment: 89-90, 97
3d, 2d Regiment: 89
1st, 3d Regiment: 356-57
2d, 3d Regiment: 356-57, 371, 436
1st, 4th Regiment: 348, 362, 365, 407
2d, 4th Regiment: 349, 407
3d, 4th Regiment: 355
1st, 6th Regiment: 87-88
2d, 6th Regiment: 216, 265
3d, 6th Regiment: 87-88, 261, 263, 265
1st, 8th Regiment: 89, 210
2d, 8th Regiment: 83, 85, 89, 210, 216, 232
3d, 8th Regiment: 83, 89, 210, 216
1st, 9th Regiment: 373, 407
2d, 9th Regiment: 363-64, 371, 402-03, 407, 415
3d, 9th Regiment: 373
3d, 21st Regiment: 407
1st, 22d Regiment: 349, 353-54, 361-62, 379, 407
2d, 22d Regiment: 353-54, 363, 379
3d, 22d Regiment: 345, 353-54, 361-62
1st, 23d Regiment: 92, 106-08, 115, 187
2d, 23d Regiment: 91-92, 106-08, 115
3d, 23d Regiment: 85, 91-93, 108, 240
1st, 24th Regiment: 226, 231-32, 240
2d, 24th Regiment: 114
3d, 24th Regiment: 100, 108, 115, 220, 226, 230
1st, 25th Regiment: 87, 91-92
2d, 25th Regiment: 87
3d, 25th Regiment: 106, 114, 172, 240

1st, 29th Regiment: 80, 89, 108-09, 187, 210, 216
Marine Infantry Regiments
2d: 36, 80, 89, 108-09, 168-69, 181, 187, 189, 210, 216, 220, 227, 230, 232, 238, 245, 302
3d: 343-44, 356-57, 363, 371, 383, 392, 401, 407, 417, 436
4th: 311, 343-45, 348-51, 355, 361, 368-70, 380, 435
6th: 81, 83, 87-90, 93, 95-98, 108-10, 168-69, 181, 187-89, 210, 220, 227, 230, 232, 238, 242, 263-64, 302
8th: 81, 83, 86, 88-90, 97, 108-10, 116, 163, 168-69, 181, 187-88, 216, 226-27, 230, 238, 241-42, 264, 295-96, 302-03
9th: 343-44, 357, 363-65, 371, 374, 383, 400-401, 403-04, 407, 417, 427, 431, 433, 436
21st: 343-44, 356-57, 363-65, 371, 383, 401, 407, 417
22d: 15, 38n, 311, 344-45, 349-50, 352, 362-63, 365, 368-70, 435-36
23d: 81, 87, 96-97, 100, 106-08, 114-15, 168, 180-82, 187, 207, 210, 220, 226, 229-30, 232, 241, 244, 247-48, 264, 275, 292, 294-95, 302
24th: 92, 97, 106, 114, 168, 172, 180-81, 187, 210, 220, 226, 229, 238, 241, 244, 247-48, 264, 275, 292, 294-95, 302
25th: 81, 91, 97, 101, 105-06, 114, 159, 163, 168-69, 241, 244-45, 247-48, 264, 275, 292, 294-95
29th: 37
Marine Tank Battalions
2d: 109, 275
4th: 92
22d: 350
Marpi Point: 51-52, 61, 68, 72, 117, 131, 221, 244, 264-65. See also North Field, Tinian.
Marpo Point: 295, 297
Marpo Well: 280, 282
Marshall, General George C.: 1, 10, 16-18, 195-96
Marshall Islands: 2-3, 4, 7-9, 10-11, 12, 13, 14-15, 62
Martial law, Japanese: 69
Martin, 1st Lt. Ford: 204
Martyr, Col. Cyril W., USMC: 300
Maruyama, Maj. Chusha: 364, 366
Maryland: 76
Masalog Point: 280, 282, 286, 297
Maui training area: 45-46
Medal of Honor awards
O'Brien, Lt. Col. William J.: 259n
Ozbourn, Pvt. Joseph W., USMC: 303n
Wilson, Pfc. Robert L., USMC: 303n
Mediterranean, plans for, at Washington Conference: 7
Mergagan Point: 436-37
Merizo: 24, 334
Micronesia, boundaries: 22
Midway, battle of: 4, 119
Military police, U.S.: 347
Mindanao: 14, 16, 18, 19. See also Philippine Islands.
Mines, land, clearance of
on Guam: 344, 369
on Saipan: 128, 156
on Tinian: 288, 291
Mines, land, Japanese
on Guam: 335, 354, 368, 385, 388, 401
on Saipan: 241, 246-47, 250-54
sympathetic detonation: 251
on Tinian: 292, 297
Mines, marine, clearance of
at Saipan: 42-43, 74, 76
at Tinian: 283
Mitscher, Vice Adm. Marc A.: 15, 26, 33, 71-73, 99, 121-22, 131, 286, 288, 312, 321, 323-24, 340-41
Miwa, Vice Adm. Shigeyoshi: 445
Mizony, Lt. Col. Harold I.: 170, 179, 186, 206, 218, 224, 232
Montpelier: 291, 302
Morale, Japanese
on Guam, 336-37, 339, 368, 371, 380, 432
on Saipan: 70, 75, 117, 166-67, 213
on Tinian: 280
Morison, Samuel Eliot: 122, 441
Morrow, 1st Lt. Henry W.: 204
Mortar fire support, Japanese
Guam: 342, 344, 348, 352, 363, 368
Saipan: 91, 98, 102-03, 106, 109, 115, 123, 146-47, 150, 169, 174, 177, 180, 183-84, 186, 200, 205, 207, 215-19, 224-25, 227, 229-32, 240
Mortar fire support, U.S.
Guam: 388, 395, 412, 414
Saipan: 98, 105, 129, 132, 143, 147-48, 157, 163, 213, 217, 219, 222, 225, 230, 249
Tinian: 302
Mortars, U.S.
60-mm: 41, 129
81-mm: 129, 412, 414
4.2-in.: 143
Mortlock Island, target date for: 13
Motor vehicles, shortages of: 126, 128
Mount Alifan: 308, 316, 332, 349-50, 355-56, 374, 379
Mount Alutom: 30, 307, 316, 357, 363, 371
Mount Barrigada: 30, 307, 374, 377, 386-409, 414
Mount Chachao: 30, 307, 357, 363, 371, 373
Mount Fina Susu: 68, 86, 92, 97, 106
Mount Kagman: 29

Mount Lamlam: 308, 352, 361, 374, 376
Mount Lasso: 29, 269, 275, 278, 280, 291, 294, 296, 299
Mount Machanao: 307-08, 434
Mount Maga: 295
Mount Marpi: 29
Mount Mataguac: 377-78, 408, 421, 427, 431
Mount Nafutan: 29, 111, 137, 139, 141-42, 144, 147-48, 150, 152-55, 157
Mount Petosukara: 247-48
Mount Santa Rosa: 30, 307, 332, 377-78, 402, 408-09, 417-37
Mount Taene: 349-50, 355-56
Mount Tapotchau: 29, 40-41, 65, 79, 116, 134-35, 165-66, 168-70, 172, 177, 180-82, 184, 186-87, 190, 201, 209-11, 216-18, 220, 224, 226, 228, 231-33, 238, 241-42, 265
Mount Tenjo: 30, 308, 316-17, 352, 357, 361, 363, 371, 373-74, 379, 384
Mount Tipo Pale: 40, 168-69, 210, 216, 220, 227, 233
Mount Yigo: 408-09
Mountainous areas, training for: 45
Musashi: 120
Mutcho Point: 68, 73, 243

Nafutan Point: 68, 112, 114, 116, 135, 166, 191, 197-99, 225, 285

capture of: 137-61
strength of opposing forces: 160
terrain features: 160
Nafutan ridge. See Mount Nafutan.
Nagano, Fleet Adm. Osami: 1, 445
Nagasaki, atomic bombing of: 443
Nagumo, Vice Adm. Chuichi: 56, 65, 70, 280
Napalm bombs, first use: 288
Narazawa, Lt. Masaakira: 279
Naton Beach: 407
Nauru Island, JCS directive on: 9
Naval base development, Japanese
in Bonins: 23
at Hahajima: 24
at Saipan: 23-24, 54
at Truk: 9, 55
Naval base development, U.S.
at Guam: 22, 443
at Manus Island: 16, 19
in Marianas: 441-42
plans for: 2-3
at Truk: 9
at Ulithi: 19
Naval bombardment. See Naval gunfire support.
Naval Construction Battalions: 127, 152, 442
25th: 385
121st: 124
Naval gunfire support
ammunition expenditures: 321, 323-24, 339
characteristics: 130
control and co-ordination of: 74-75, 130-33, 313, 316, 322
on friendly troops: 87
at Guam: 42, 312-13, 320-22, 325, 339-42, 345, 352, 354, 368-69, 378, 386, 418, 421, 423, 430, 432
liaison in: 130-31
in Marianas: 71-78, 446
at Saipan: 42-44, 74-76, 79-80, 87, 91, 95, 102, 108, 111, 129-31, 151, 160, 238, 247
at Tinian: 42-43, 277, 285-88, 291, 297, 300
training in: 74, 76
Naval units, Japanese. See Japanese naval units.
Naval units, U.S. See by name.
Naval War College: 8
Navy, U.S.
Advance Commander, Support Aircraft: 313
allocation of units in SWPA: 16
casualties: 289
Commander, Air Force, Pacific: 14
Commander, Landing Force Support Aircraft: 313-14
Commander, Service Force, Pacific: 318
Commander, Support Aircraft: 313-14, 340
Commander, Support Aircraft Ashore: 299
Commander in Chief, U.S. Fleet. See King, Admiral Ernest J.
Guam, control of: 22
Guam, force at: 22-23, 319, 321
plans to engage Japanese fleet: 13, 119-20, 441
role in Marianas seizure: 446
Saipan, force at: 42, 71, 76
Tanapag Harbor, diversion at: 40
Neff, 2d Lt. Donald, USMC: 273
Netherlands Indies
air attacks on, Allied: 12, 18
defense of: 3
Japanese seizure: 4
in line of communications to Japan: 15, 445
recovery plans: 13
New Britain, recovery plans: 7
New Caledonia, in Japanese plans: 4
New Guinea: 16, 120-21
Japanese seizure: 4
recovery plans: 7-8, 10, 12-14
New Ireland: 7, 12, 13, 15
New Mexico: 321
New Orleans: 287
New River training area: 35
Neye Island: 362
Nichols, Maj. John: 219, 225
Nidual River: 364-65
Night fighter aircraft: 446
Night operations
Guam: 364-65, 384, 411, 428
Saipan: 92, 95-96, 98, 104-05, 110, 159, 244, 256-61

Tinian: 272, 283, 287, 293-94, 302-03
training in: 45
Nimitz, Admiral Chester W.: 73, 193-94, 196, 311, 315, 429, 437, 443, 445
activates POA: 4
advocates Makin for Nauru: 9
on CENPAC plans: 16-19
controls Marianas-Carolines-Palaus: 19
directive on Carolines: 2
directive on GRANITE: 39
directive on Guam: 309-10
directive on Marianas: 2, 39
directive on Nauru: 9
directive on Rabaul: 5
directive on Tarawa: 9
launches Marshalls operation: 14-15
as Marianas over-all commander: 33
at Pearl Harbor conferences: 14
revises GRANITE: 13-14
schedules operations in CENPAC: 13
sets GRANITE target dates: 13
Noakes, Lt. Jefferson: 184
Nomoi Island, target date for: 13
Norman Scott: 288-89
North Field, Guam: 443
North Field, Tinian: 443. See also Marpi Point.
Northern Attack Force. See Hill, Rear Adm. Harry W.; Turner, Vice Adm. Richmond Kelly.
Northern Attack Group. See Conolly, Rear Adm. Richard L.
Northern Guam, drive to: 377-437
Northern Saipan, drive to: 163-70, 203-33, 237-66
Northern Support Aircraft. See Osborne, Comdr. Lloyd B.
Northern Tinian, drive to: 294-96
Northern Troops and Landing Force: 35, 39, 130, 149-50, 159-60, 165, 191. See also Schmidt, Lt. Gen. Harry; Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M.
final loading: 50
Holland Smith named commander: 35
issues operations plan: 40
shore command post established: 110
staff, Army personnel on: 40
strength of force: 265
on Tinian: 271
Northwest Field, Guam: 443
Noshiro: 120
Nozaki, Lt. Kenishi: 279

Oahu staging area. 48
Obata, Lt. Gen. Hideyoshi: 64, 329, 371, 377-78, 408, 417, 437. See also Japanese Army units, Army, 31st.
Obiam Point: 285
Objectives of Marianas seizure: 441-43
O'Brien, Capt. Laurence J.: 104, 175, 182
O'Brien, Lt. Col. William J.: 114, 139, 142-43, 146-47, 253-59, 259n
O'Connell, Col. Geoffrey M.: 155, 160
Office of Naval Intelligence: 27, 326
Officer losses, Japanese, on Guam: 365, 417
Officer losses, U.S.

on Guam: 398
on Saipan: 232-33
Ogata, Col. Takashi: 278-80, 282-83, 289, 293-97, 301-02
Ogawa, Col.: 241-42
O'Hara, Maj. Almerin C.: 170, 208, 224, 261
Ohashi, Col. Hiko-Shiro: 364-66
Oka, Col. Yoshiro: 65, 163
Okinawa: 63, 445
Olander, Capt. Frank: 147-48, 150, 153-54, 156-57, 254-56
Old Agat Road: 350, 353-54, 371
Oldendorf, Rear Adm. Jesse B.: 76
ORANGE plans, 1924-38: 2-4, 6-7. See also RAINBOW 5.
Ordot: 331, 377, 383
Orote Peninsula: 24, 28, 30, 164, 307-08, 316, 321, 324, 326, 332, 334, 345, 348, 351-57, 361-71, 374
Osborne, Comdr. Lloyd B.: 288, 299
Otani, 2d Lt. Moto: 279
Otori: 74n Otori, Capt.: 378
"Overall Plan for the Defeat of Japan": 13
Oya, Capt. Goichi: 279-80
Ogawa, Vice Adm. Jisaburo: 120-22, 324, 441
Ozbourn, Pvt. Joseph W., USMC: 303n

P-47's: 132, 288, 295, 299, 303, 418, 421, 430, 446
P-61's : 446
Pacific Fleet: 4, 16, 443
Pacific Ocean Areas (POA): 4-5, 13-14, 443. See also Central Pacific Area; Nimitz, Adm. Chester W.; South Pacific Area; Southwest Pacific Area.
Pacific theater. See also Central Pacific Area; South Pacific Area; Southwest Pacific Area.

boundaries reorganized: 4-5
Casablanca decisions on: 6-7
Hawaii, role in plans: 2
Japan forced to defensive: 4-6
Japanese conquests, extent of: 4
and JCS directive: 16-20
King advocates acceleration: 6
and lines of communication: 8
Philippines, role in plans: 2
reorganization: 4-5
strategic objectives: 8-9

U.S. Joint Staff Planners role: 7
Pagan Island: 61, 73
Pago Bay: 307, 309, 317, 326, 334, 376, 378, 380, 382-87
Pago River: 378-81, 384
Palau Islands
air attacks on: 69, 71
Japanese seizure: 4
placed under Nimitz: 19
plans for recovery: 9-10, 19
target date for: 13, 19
Palletization of supplies: 48-49, 128, 318-19
Panel displays: 132, 374
Papua, recovery of: 6
Parachute supply operations: 97, 278
Paradise Valley (Hell Valley) : 243, 247-48, 264
Pati Point: 308, 431-32, 436-37, 443
Patrol craft, naval: 80
Patrols, tactical. See Reconnaissance, ground.
PB4Y's: 26, 323
PC's: 80
Pearl Harbor: 13-14, 76, 119, 312
Pelagi Rock: 349-50, 354
Penguin: 23
Pennsylvania: 76, 320-21, 352
Peyre, 1st Lt. Roger P.: 247, 250-51
Philippine Islands
air attacks on, U.S.: 10
amphibious operations plan: 10
defense of: 3
Japanese seizure: 4
line of communications with U.S.: 3
MacArthur's views on recovery: 16, 18
reconnaissance, submarine, U.S.: 99, 119, 121
recovery plans: 6, 8, 10, 13, 16
role in Pacific plans: 2
Philippine Sea, naval battle of: 323-24
air losses, Japanese: 324, 441
air losses, U.S.: 122
casualties, Japanese: 441
effect on Marianas: 99, 119-23, 441, 445
strength of forces: 121
Philippine Sea boundaries: 121n
Pillboxes
Guam: 335, 342, 345, 357, 362, 368-69, 388, 392, 424
Saipan: 91, 101, 139, 238, 247, 252, 254
Tinian: 282, 292
Pimples, The: 226-27, 230, 232
Piti Point: 24, 28, 324, 326, 331, 344, 357, 371, 421
Pitts, 2d Lt. Spencer M.: 224
Plans, strategic. See Strategic plans, Japanese; Strategic plans, U.S.
Plans, tactical. See Tactical plans, Japanese; Tactical plans, U.S.
Pole charges, on Guam: 432. See also Demolitions.
Ponape: 9, 12
Pontons, use of: 127, 358. See also Engineer operations.
Port Apra: 29
Port Companies
311th: 96
539th: 96
Port Moresby, Japanese seizure: 4
Port Pago: 30
President, U.S. See Roosevelt, Franklin D.
Price Road: 382, 387-88, 390
Prime Minister, British. See Churchill, Winston S.
Priorities for resources: 9, 16
Prisoners captured by U.S.
on Guam: 430
on Saipan: 165
Pryor, 1st Lt. Frank J.: 219
Public address system, use of: 140, 145, 242
Purple Heart Ridge: 173, 177, 181-84, 190, 201, 203-07, 210, 213-33
Psychological warfare: 437

Quebec (QUADRANT) Conference: 9

Rabaul: 4, 5, 6, 11, 19, 119
Radar: 99, 122
Radar Hill: 239, 245
Radio communications. See Communications, U.S.
Radio Road: 189
Radio Tokyo: 436
Railway development, postbattle: 442
RAINBOW 5: 3-4. See also ORANGE plans, 1924-38.
Raleigh, 1st Lt. John J.: 215
Ramps, bow: 278, 292
Randle, Brig. Gen. Edwin H.: 397
Ration shortages, Japanese: 213, 239
Ration shortages, U.S.

on Guam: 382, 387
on Saipan: 126, 218
Reconnaissance, aerial, Japanese, of Guam: 23
Reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.: 9
in Admiralties: 15
at Guam: 26, 51, 322-23, 326, 374, 387, 406, 409, 414-15
in Marianas: 26, 43, 71, 73, 323
in Marshalls: 9
at Saipan: 26, 43-44, 50-52, 99, 131
at Tinian: 26, 271, 278, 285, 286
Reconnaissance, antisubmarine: 131
Reconnaissance, beach, Japanese, at Guam: 23
Reconnaissance, beach, U.S. See also Underwater demolition teams.
Guam: 28, 322, 345, 355
Marianas: 28
Saipan: 42, 78
Tinian: 28, 270-74, 283, 288

training in: 45
Reconnaissance, ground
Guam: 374-76, 380, 386-90, 394, 402-05, 407, 413, 415-17, 419, 430, 432, 434, 436
Los Negros: 15
Saipan: 105, 147, 165, 169-70, 195, 205, 207, 210, 216, 218, 229, 231-32
Tinian: 133
Reconnaissance, submarine
at Guam: 326-37
in Marianas: 26
in Philippines: 99, 119, 121
at Saipan: 43
RED Beaches, Guam: 344
RED Beaches, Saipan: 81, 83, 87, 89-90, 98, 173
Red Staff: 39. See also Northern Troops and Landing Force.
Regimental combat teams. See Infantry Regiments; Marine Infantry Regiments.
Reifsnider, Rear Adm. Lawrence F.: 312-13, 339
Reinforcements, Japanese
in CENPAC: 53-58
on Guam: 329
in Marianas: 53-60
on Saipan: 110, 131, 213
Reinforcements, U.S., on Saipan: 97, 109-10
Remus, Lt. Col. Joseph A.: 414
RENO I. See Philippine Islands, recovery plans
Resources, priority for: 9, 16
Rifle fire, Japanese
Guam: 342, 344, 349, 376, 388, 390-92, 395, 398, 407, 412, 414, 422, 424, 428, 433
Saipan: 114, 154, 175, 177, 182-83, 188, 200, 205, 207, 209, 215, 218-20, 222, 225, 228, 230-232, 238, 240, 251-52
Tinian: 302
Rifle fire, U.S.
on friendly troops: 109
Guam: 365, 391-92, 395, 412, 424
Saipan: 95, 98, 157, 186, 188-89, 217, 219, 230-31
Richardson, Lt. Gen. Robert C., Jr.: 192-93, 196, 225, 315-16, 318
Ridge 300: 137, 153, 155, 157
Risely, Col. James P., USMC: 87
Ritidian Point: 307, 317, 434, 436, 443
Road construction. See Engineer operations.
Road Junctions, Guam
2: 245, 251, 253, 256
15:368
64: 245, 256
177: 407, 417
218: 378
306: 386-88, 391, 395
363: 414-16
370: 361, 374
385: 415
390: 435
410: 398, 401
415: 425, 427, 429, 431
460: 435
Road systems, Guam: 308-09, 327, 383-87, 421-22
Roadblocks, Japanese, on Guam: 387-88, 401-03, 407, 435-36
Roadblocks, U.S., on Guam: 345, 348, 407, 431
Rocket launchers. See Bazooka fire support.
Rocket fire support
effectiveness: 132
on Guam: 325, 342
on Saipan: 163, 227, 230, 264
Rockets, 4.5-in.: 43, 44, 80, 88
Rocky Mount: 99, 110, 275
Roi-Namur: 321
Roosevelt, Franklin D.: 4, 6, 7, 12
Ross, Brig. Gen. Ogden J.: 100
Rota Island: 24, 321, 326, 329
air attacks on: 43, 73, 99, 122, 323-24
airfield development, Japanese: 61
eliminated as U.S. target: 26
topography: 26
Rubber boats. See LCR's.
Ruses, Japanese: 378, 406
Ruses: 230. See also Feints.
Russo-Japanese War: 119
Ryan, Capt. Bernard E.: 105, 182
Ryan, Capt. Paul: 103-04, 105n
Ryan, Capt. Richard F.: 254
Ryan's Ridge: 105n
Ryukyus, plans for seizure: 2

S Road, Saipan: 206-07, 214-15, 219, 227
Saipan. See also Japanese Mandated Islands; Mariana Islands.

air attacks on: 43-44, 71-74, 80-81, 108, 132, 139
air losses, Japanese: 51, 72
air losses, U.S.: 72
air strength, Japanese: 51
air supply: 97
airfield development, Japanese: 51, 61
ambushes, Japanese: 140, 165
ammunition expenditures: 130, 134, 259
ammunition shortages: 218, 260-61
amphibious operations, Japanese: 110, 131, 213
antiaircraft defenses, Japanese: 68-69, 76, 97
antiaircraft defenses, U.S.: 179
antitank measures: 179
area bombardment: 42-44, 80, 91
Army Garrison Force: 154
artillery dispositions, Japanese: 16, 135, 166-67
artillery support, Japanese: 68, 96, 98, 103, 105-06, 114, 123, 139, 143-44, 174, 188, 210, 216, 225, 230, 232

artillery support, U.S.: 95-98, 100-102, 106, 108, 110-12, 114, 133-35, 139, 142, 144, 146-48, 151, 155-57, 160, 163, 168, 177, 179, 181, 186, 189, 203, 205, 207-09, 215, 217-18, 222, 224, 227, 230-31, 237-38, 241-42, 244, 246-47, 249, 252, 255, 259, 264
artillery survey, Japanese: 68
assault force organization: 33-38
assault force strength: 36, 265
assault phase: 71-93
B-29 base first established on: 443
banzai attacks: 256-61
bayonet fighting: 178, 254
bazooka fire support: 98, 114, 179
beaches, allocation of: 40, 43
beachhead expansion: 87-93
BLUE Beaches: 81, 98, 100-101, 125
boundaries, operational, Japanese: 65-67
canister: 156, 186, 253
casualties, Japanese, periodic: 74, 96-98, 159-60, 163, 165-66, 168, 173, 188, 210, 218-19, 241-42, 248-49, 253, 257-58, 258n, 265-66
casualties, U.S.
periodic: 76-77, 88, 90, 105-06, 114, 232
total: 232, 265, 446
central area, drive on: 148-49, 163-90, 203-33
civilians in action: 96, 137, 141, 232, 247-48, 265
climate: 27
close air support: 131-33, 227, 240
coastal defenses: 68
command structure, U.S.: 33-40
communications: 124, 130, 132-33, 156, 251-52, 260
consolidation phase: 95-97
counterattacks, Japanese: 95-96, 98, 103-04, 110, 141, 146, 154, 159, 168, 178, 210, 218, 243, 251, 256-61, 264
counterattacks, U.S.: 261-66
counterbattery fire: 42-43
counterlandings, Japanese: 110, 131, 213
critical stage: 93
Death Valley drive: 134-35, 170-81., 184-90, 194-95, 200, 203, 206-10, 213-14, 216-21, 230-32, 238
declared secure: 264, 285
defenses, Japanese: 51-52
defensive plan, Japanese: 1, 64-70
demolitions, land: 127, 143, 264
distances, relative: 1, 12, 26, 47
dual-purpose guns, Japanese: 106, 112, 139
dual-purpose guns, U.S.: 155, 157, 160
effect of loss on Japan: 1, 266
embarkation for: 47-50
engineer operations: 101, 124, 127-28, 152, 156, 227, 253
evacuation of casualties: 260
exploitation phase: 95-117
first Army units ashore: 96
flame throwers: 101, 227, 242, 264
fortification, Japanese: 61-62
friendly troops, fire on: 109, 227, 238
fuel depot development: 442
fuel supply: 277-78
garrison strength: 51, 55-56, 64-69, 211, 213, 266
GREEN Beaches: 81, 83, 86, 88-89, 92, 173
grenade attacks, Japanese: 156, 215, 222, 228, 231, 248
grenade attacks, U.S.: 178-79, 188, 217, 219, 264
H-hour designated: 79-80
hand-to-hand fighting: 178, 218, 254-55, 258
harbor facilities: 28, 442
Hell's Pocket: 177-78, 186, 188, 208-09, 213, 215, 217, 219, 224-25, 227
Holland Smith as tactical commander: 33-36
illumination, battlefield: 95-96, 130, 209
infiltration tactics, Japanese: 96, 97, 152, 159, 244
infiltration tactics, U.S.: 177
intelligence estimates: 50-52, 152, 160
interservice differences: 149-51, 178-79, 181-201, 447
Japanese situations, periodic: 116-17, 165-67, 211-13, 221
landing plan breakdown: 85-87
liaison measures: 111, 130-33
loading and unloading operations: 47-50, 99, 110, 123-24
logistical operations: 123-29
machine gun fire support, Japanese: 97-98, 102, 106, 114-15, 143, 147, 150, 153, 157, 159, 168-69, 175, 177, 180-84, 204-05, 207, 210, 213, 215-19, 222, 224, 227, 229-31, 238, 240, 242, 248, 250-54, 265
machine gun fire support, U.S.: 44, 95, 98, 145, 156, 184, 186, 213, 225, 230, 250-51, 253, 256, 259
map deficiencies: 116
mines, land, clearance of: 128, 156
mines, land and antitank, Japanese use of: 241, 246-47, 250-54
mines, sympathetic detonation: 251
minesweeping operations: 42-43, 74, 76
morale, Japanese: 70, 75, 117, 166-67, 213
mortar fire support, Japanese: 64, 91, 98, 102-03, 106, 109, 115, 123, 146-47, 150, 156, 168, 174, 177, 180, 183-84, 186, 200, 205, 207, 215-19, 224-25, 227, 229-32, 240

mortar fire support, U.S.: 98, 105, 129, 132, 143, 147-48, 157, 163, 213, 217, 219, 222, 225, 230, 249
naval base development, Japanese: 23-24, 54
naval force, Japanese: 65
naval force, U.S.: 42, 65, 71, 76
naval gunfire support: 42-44, 74-76, 79-80, 87, 91, 95, 102, 108, 111, 129-31, 151, 160, 238, 247
night actions: 92, 95-96, 98, 104-05, 110, 159, 244, 256-61
northern area, drive to: 163-70, 203-33, 237-66
officer losses, U.S.: 232-33
palletization of supplies: 128
panel display: 132
parachute, supply by: 97
pikes, Japanese use of: 258
pillboxes: 91, 101, 139, 238, 247, 252, 254
planning phase: 33-52
prisoners captured by U.S.: 165
public address systems, use of: 140, 145, 252
Purple Heart Ridge: 173, 177, 181-84, 190, 201, 203-07, 210, 213-33
radar, use of: 99
ration shortages, U.S.: 126, 218
reconnaissance, aerial, U.S.: 26, 43-44, 50-52, 99, 131
reconnaissance, antisubmarine, U.S.: 131
reconnaissance, beach, U.S.: 42, 78
reconnaissance, ground: 105, 147, 165, 169-70, 195, 205, 207, 210, 216, 218, 229, 231-32
reconnaissance, submarine, U.S.: 43
RED Beaches: 81, 83, 87, 89-90, 98, 173
rehearsals of landings: 45-47
reinforcements, Japanese attempts: 110, 131, 213
reinforcements, U.S.: 97, 109-10
rifle fire, Japanese: 114, 154, 175, 177, 182-83, 188, 200, 205, 207, 209, 215, 218-20, 222, 225, 228, 230-32, 238, 240, 251-52
rifle fire, U.S.: 95, 98, 157, 186, 188-89, 217, 219, 230-31
rocket fire, U.S.: 163, 227, 230, 264
ruses, U.S.: 230
shaped charges, U.S.: 101, 139, 215
ship-to-shore movement: 78-85
shipping requirements: 47
shipyard facilities: 442
shore party organization: 123-29
shotguns, U.S. use of: 89
smoke cover, tactical use of: 44, 143, 163, 177, 185-86, 209
snipers, Japanese: 91, 143, 195, 197, 210, 216
southern area, drive on: 71-117, 137-61
strength, Japanese, periodic: 51, 211, 213, 266
suicides, Japanese: 249, 257
supply operations: 90, 97, 123-29, 213, 224, 260
supply tonnages: 47
in support of Guam: 418, 430
in support of Tinian: 271-83, 285, 288, 291, 295, 299, 303
supporting arms and operations: 119-35
tactical plans, Japanese: 64-70, 210, 211-13, 221
tactical plans, U.S.: 33-52, 98-99, 137, 141-42 144, 149, 152, 163, 213, 216-17, 237, 239, 242, 244, 247-48, 251
Tanapag, drive on: 237-66
tank losses, Japanese: 88, 98, 167-68, 179-81, 186, 189, 259
tank losses, U.S.: 84-87, 89, 92, 176, 184-85, 246, 250, 254
tank strength, Japanese: 52, 70, 88
tank support, Japanese: 88, 95-96, 98, 114, 168, 179-81, 185-86, 189, 224, 227, 238-39, 250
tank support, U.S.: 96, 101, 111, 143, 145-46, 151, 153-57, 175-77, 184-85, 189, 205, 208-09, 215, 218, 227, 231-32, 237, 241-42, 246-48, 250-54, 260-61, 264
target date for: 13, 39, 42
target destination: 132, 134-35
terrain difficulties: 113, 130, 134-35, 138-39, 142, 168, 173-74, 200-201, 205n, 206, 213, 233, 245-46
topography: 26, 28-29
training of units: 45-47
transport force requirements: 47
troop dispositions, Japanese: 64-69
troop dispositions, U.S.: 165-67, 211
underwater demolition teams: 42, 44, 77, 78, 84, 128
water shortage, U.S.: 211
weapons, Japanese, improvised: 258
WHITE Beach 1: 128
YELLOW Beaches: 40, 43, 81, 87, 109-10, 127, 133
Saito, Lt. Gen. Yoshitsugu: 59, 65, 72, 98, 131, 165, 213, 221, 239, 241, 243-45, 257, 264
Sakito Maru: 59, 69
Salamaua: 7
Salisbury: 421-22, 426-28, 431-33, 435-36
Samoa, Japanese designs on: 4
San Bernardino Strait: 99, 121
Sasaki, Capt.: 137, 159
Sato, Maj.: 437
Schmidt, Lt. Gen. Harry, USMC: 35, 37, 92, 230, 244, 247, 271-72, 274-75, 277-78, 280, 286, 295-96, 299-301, 303
Schneider, Col. Merlin F., USMC: 368

Seabees. See Naval construction battalions.
Seaplane bases
at Aslito: 51, 60
at Flores Point: 41, 51-52, 54, 65, 242
on Guam: 61
Seahorse: 99
Selby, Lt. Col. Charles A.: 193
Self-propelled gun mounts: 215. See also Artillery support, U.S.
Senor, Pfc. Cleve E.: 104
Serfas, Lt. Col. Jackson B.: 368
Seventh Air Force: 71, 323, 430, 446
Seventh Fleet: 17
SEXTANT Conference: 12, 17
Shaped charges: 101, 139, 215
Shapley, Lt. Col. Alan, USMC: 368-69
Sheldon, Lt. Col. Frederic H.: 142, 215
Shepherd, Brig. Gen. Lemuel C., Jr., USMC: 345, 347-50, 353-54, 359, 361, 369-70, 407-08, 435
Sherman, Rear Adm. Forrest P.: 14, 16
Shigematsu, Maj. Gen. Kiyoshi: 327, 331, 333, 339, 364-65
Shikamura, Lt. Katsuo: 279
Shipping, Japanese: 2, 7, 13, 15
Shipping, U.S.
attacks on at Guam: 23
requirements for Guam: 319-20
requirements for Saipan: 47
shortages in: 9, 47, 49
Shipping losses, Japanese
at Guam: 321, 331
in Marianas: 73-74
troop transports: 59-60
Shipyard facilities, Saipan: 442
Ship-to-shore movement. See Amphibious operations; Loading and unloading operations; Supply operations, U.S.
Shokaku: 122
Shore party organization
Guam: 343-47
Saipan: 123-29
Tinian: 292
Shortages, Japanese
naval units: 120
rations: 213, 239
supply: 213, 239
water: 211
Shortages, U.S.
ambulances: 128
ammunition: 126, 129, 218, 260, 261, 358-59
amphibian tractors: 89
artillery support: 135
classes of supply: 126
landing craft: 100n, 347, 355, 358
motor vehicles: 126, 128
naval auxiliaries: 120
rations: 126, 218, 382, 387
shipping: 9, 47, 49
technicians: 40
tractors: 128
trailers: 128
troop transports: 47
trucks, cargo: 50, 128
water: 218, 260, 344, 382, 386, 400
Shotguns, use by U.S.: 89
Signal companies. See Joint Assault Signal Companies.
Sigua River: 380
Sinajana: 331
Singapore: 3-4
Slate, 1st Lt. Herbert N.: 188
Smith, Col. Aubrey D.: 306, 351, 355, 405, 433
Smith, Capt. Clinton F.: 152-53, 157
Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC: 50, 100; 108, 110-11, 128, 134, 137-38, 148-53, 160-61, 164, 167, 169-70, 181, 190, 226, 237, 244, 247-48, 251, 257, 261, 263, 265, 269, 275, 300, 311-12, 315, 318, 437. See also Expeditionary Troops; Northern Troops and Landing Force; Task Forces, 56; Task Groups, 56.1
compliments 27th Division: 228
"displeasure" dispatch: 178-79
dispute with Ralph Smith: 149-51, 178-79, 191-201, 447
in Gilberts and Marshalls: 35
named CG, Expeditionary Troops: 35-36
named CG, NTLF: 35
named Saipan tactical commander: 33-36
relief from NTLF: 195n, 271
supervises training: 33-35
Smith, Maj. Gen. Ralph C.: 99-100, 110-12, 141-42, 144, 152, 169-70, 176, 184, 186, 187, 206
dispute with Holland Smith: 149-51, 178-79, 191-201, 447
heads 27th Division: 38
relief of: 191-92, 195n, 203, 225, 447
Smith, 1st Lt. Robert M.: 217
Smith-versus-Smith dispute: 149-51, 178-79, 191-201, 447
Smith, Capt. William J.: 248
Smoke, tactical use of
Guam: 403
Saipan: 44, 143, 163, 177, 185-86, 209
Tinian: 291
Snipers, Japanese
Guam: 373
Saipan: 91, 143, 195, 197, 210, 216
Solomon Islands
as U.S. base for Guam: 314, 319, 320
exclusion from SWPA: 5-6

Japanese seizure: 4
recovery plans: 7-8
Sorong: 121
South Dakota: 122
South Pacific Area
activated under Halsey: 5
assigned subsidiary role: 8
JCS directive on plans: 18-20
naval forces in, control of: 16-17
Southern Attack Force. See Conolly, Rear Adm. Richard L.
Southern Attack Group. See Reifsnider, Rear Adm. Lawrence F.
Southern Saipan, drive on: 71-117, 137-61
Southern Tinian, drive on: 296-301
Southern Transport Group: 358
Southern Troops and Landing Force: 35, 100, 164. See also Geiger, Lt. Gen. Roy S. Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA). See also MacArthur, General Douglas.
acceleration of schedule: 15
activated under MacArthur: 4
assigned subsidiary role: 8
demands on resources of: 9
dominant role urged for: 10
geographic boundaries: 4-5
JCS directive on plans: 16-20
MacArthur's views on plans: 18
naval forces allocation: 16
at Pearl Harbor conferences: 13-14
priorities for: 16
Solomons excluded: 5-6
Spalding, Brig. Gen. Isaac: 352, 367
Spaulding, Capt. Robert J.: 250
Spruance, Vice Adm. Raymond A: 33, 35, 40, 72, 98-99, 119-23, 164, 191, 193, 269, 274-75, 291, 311-12, 314-15, 320, 437, 441. See also Fifth Fleet; Task Forces, 51.
Staging areas, deficiencies at: 48
Stampher, Capt. Joseph P.: 226
Stebbins, Col. Albert K.: 174, 216, 231, 261
Stokes, Lt. Col. Charles W.: 369, 423-24
Storm King: 50
Strafing, effectiveness of: 132
"Strategic Plan for the Defeat of Japan": 1-20. See also ORANGE Plans, 1924-38; "Overall Plan for the Defeat of Japan"; RAINBOW 5.
Strategic plans, Japanese
Aleutian Islands: 4
Coral Sea battles, effect on: 4
Fiji: 4
Guam: 23, 55
Mandated Islands: 2-3
Marianas, role in: 55-56, 69-70, 445
naval, in CENPAC: 1, 19-20
New Caledonia: 4
Saipan, role in: 1
Samoa: 4
Strategic plans, U.S. See also "Air Plan for the Defeat of Japan": "Overall Plan for the Defeat of Japan."
airfield development: 2, 13
Arafura Sea area: 10, 18
Cairo Conference: 12, 17
Carolines: 2-3, 7-9, 12, 17, 19
Casablanca Conference: 6-7
CENPAC: 2-20, 8-9, 119-20
China: 7
for defeat of Japan: 2-4
for engaging Japanese Navy: 13, 119-20, 441
Far East defense: 3
Formosa: 13
GRANITE: 13-14
Japanese shipping destruction: 2
Kai: 14
naval base development: 2-3
Naval War College, role in: 8
Netherlands Indies: 13
New Britain: 7
New Guinea: 7
New Ireland: 7, 12, 15
objectives for Pacific: 8-9
objectives of Marianas seizure: 441-43
ORANGE plans: 2-7
Palaus: 9-10, 19
Pearl Harbor conferences: 13-14, 312
Philippines, role in: 2
Ponape: 9, 12
Quebec Conference: 9
Rabaul, isolation of: 6, 11, 19, 119
RAINBOW 5: 3-4
Ryukyus : 2
Solomons: 7-8
Tanimbar Islands: 14
Washington conferences: 15-20
Woleai: 9, 19, 323
Yap: 9, 19, 324
Strength, Japanese
artillery: 166-67
Guam garrison: 55-56, 327, 329, 377, 430, 433, 437
Marianas garrison: 55-56
on Nafutan Point: 160
naval forces on Saipan: 42, 65, 71, 76
Saipan garrison: 51, 55-56, 64-69, 211, 213, 266
on Tinian: 51, 278-83, 303
Strength, U.S.
Guam assault force: 36, 319
Guam garrison: 22
Marianas assault force: 36
at Nafutan Point: 160

Saipan assault force: 36, 265
Saipan naval forces: 42, 65, 71, 76
Tinian assault force: 36
Stringham: 272-73
Strongpoints. See also Pillboxes.
on Guam: 432
Japanese concept of: 64
Submarine Force, Pacific Fleet: 33
Submarine operations, U.S.: 58-60, 70
Submarine reconnaissance. See Reconnaissance, submarine.
Submarines: 26, 43, 119, 121
Flying Fish: 99
Greenling: 326-27
Seahorse: 99
Suenaga, Col. Tsunetaro: 332, 348
Suicides, Japanese
on Guam: 368, 432
on Saipan: 249, 257
on Tinian: 280
Sulu Archipelago: 120
Sumay: 60, 353, 357, 368-70
Sunharon Bay: 213, 270, 272, 282, 289, 297
Supply operations, Japanese, shortages in: 213
Supply operations, U.S.
by air at Saipan: 97
air supply of China: 12
allotments by class: 47-48, 318
ammunition supply: 293
control at beaches: 123-27
on Guam: 318-20, 357-59, 382-88, 417
palletization methods: 48-49, 128, 318-19
by parachute: 97, 278
role in amphibious operations: 123-31
on Saipan: 90, 97, 123-29, 224, 260
shortages in classes: 126
on Tinian: 277-78, 293, 300-301
tonnages for Guam: 319
tonnages for Saipan: 47
Supporting arms and operations: 1, 19-35
Surprise, achievement of: 283, 291-92
Surrender, U.S., of Guam: 24
Sutherland, Maj. Gen. Richard K.: 14, 16

Tactical air support. See Air attacks, carrier-based, U.S.; Air attacks, land-based, U.S.; Close air support.
Tactical plans, Japanese

Guam: 23, 55, 309-20, 330-33, 377
Marianas: 63-64
Saipan: 64-70, 211-13, 221
Tinian: 274, 278-83, 287, 293-94, 297
Tactical plans, U.S.
Guam: 164, 309-20, 400-402, 419, 430-31, 433
Saipan: 33-52, 98-99, 137, 141-42, 144, 149, 152, 163, 213, 216-17, 237, 239, 242, 244, 247-48, 251
Tinian: 270-83, 296-97
Tactical principles, Japanese
defense doctrine: 283, 332-33, 348
doctrine for island defense: 62-64, 334-35
doctrine on dummy positions: 64
strongpoint concept: 64
Tactical principles, U.S.
amphibious end run: 317n
amphibious operations: 33, 350, 446-47
control, doctrine on: 198
control line, definition of: 85n, 86
convoy unit loading, definition: 48n
doctrine, validity of: 198, 317n, 397-98
jungle warfare doctrine: 397-98, 418, 426
Marine Corps doctrine: 33, 350
Taiho: 122
Taiwan. See Formosa.
Takashima, Lt. Gen. Takeshi: 327, 329, 364, 364n, 365-67, 371, 374, 377
Takeda, Lt. Col. Hideyuki: 325-26, 418, 437
Talofofo: 332, 376
Tamai, Comdr. Asaichi: 348, 364-65
Tanaka, Lt. Kichitaro: 279
Tanaka, Lt. Meiki: 279
Tanapag, drive on: 68, 221, 237-66
Tanapag Harbor: 28-29, 41, 43-44, 74, 79, 89, 93, 110, 213, 239, 241, 244, 265, 288
naval diversion at: 40
seaplane base development: 54, 60, 442
Tanapag Plain: 242, 248-56, 258
Tanimbar Islands, seizure plans: 14
Tank Battalions
706th: 316-17, 369, 380, 386-87, 393-95, 398, 402, 404, 411-12, 414-15, 419, 423-25, 427, 429-31
762d: 175-76, 184, 208, 232, 253
766th: 143
Tank destroyer support on Guam: 369-70, 401
Tank fire on friendly troops: 402-03, 407, 432, 434
Tank losses, Japanese
Guam: 334, 348, 354, 383, 394, 413, 415, 428
Saipan: 88, 98, 167-68, 179-81, 186, 189, 259
Tank losses, U.S.
Guam: 355, 392, 424
Saipan: 84-87, 89, 92, 176, 184-85, 246, 250, 254
Tank reconnaissance. See Reconnaissance, ground, U.S.
Tank strength, Japanese
Guam: 334
Saipan: 52, 70, 88
Tank support, Japanese
Guam: 348, 354, 362-63, 383, 391-92, 411-12, 415, 425, 428, 436
Saipan: 95-96, 98, 114, 168, 179-81, 185-86, 189, 224, 227, 238-39, 250

Tinian: 279-80, 294
Tank support, U.S. See also LVT(A)'s.
Guam: 316, 345, 348-50, 354, 357, 369-70, 373, 380, 386-90, 392-96, 398, 400-405, 407, 411-12, 414-16, 418-19, 423-27, 429-32, 434
Saipan: 96, 101, 111, 143, 145-46, 151, 153-57, 175-77, 184-85, 189, 205, 208-09, 215, 218, 227, 231-32, 237, 241-42, 246-48, 250-54, 260-61, 264
Tinian: 275, 292, 295, 298, 302
training in: 45
Tannyhill, Lt. Col. Guy E., USMC: 109
Tanzola, Col. Vincent J.: 344, 346-47
Tarague Point: 326, 435
Tarahoho: 221
Tarawa: 9, 56
Target dates: 19-20
Guam: 13, 39, 98-100, 312, 314-15, 320, 339
Saipan: 13, 39, 42
Tinian: 13, 275
Target designations
in air attacks: 132-35
on Guam: 314, 322, 409
on Saipan: 132, 134-35
on Tinian: 285, 287, 299
Tarrant, Capt. David B.: 184, 186, 209, 224
Task Forces
17: 33
51: 33, 272. See also Spruance, Vice Adm. Raymond L.; Turner, Vice Adm. Richmond Kelly.
52: 33, 42, 272. See also Hill, Rear Adm. Harry W.; Turner, Vice Adm. Richmond Kelly.
53: 33, 42-43, 50, 386. See also Conolly, Rear Adm. Richard L.
56: See Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC.
58: 26, 33, 42-43, 56, 71-72, 121, 123, 131. See also Mitscher, Vice Adm. Marc A.
59: See Hale, Maj. Gen. Willis H. Task Groups
53.18: 321. See also Joy, Rear Adm. C. Turner.
56.1: See Northern Troops and Landing Force; Schmidt, Lt. Gen. Harry; Smith, Lt. Gen. Holland M., USMC.
56.2: See Geiger, Lt. Gen. Roy S.; Southern Troops and Landing Force.
58.1: 74, 324. See also Clark, Rear Adm. Joseph G.
58.2: 324
58.3: 324
58.6: 71. See also Mitscher, Vice Adm. Marc A.
Task Unit 58.4.5: 321
Tatgua River: 312, 316, 364
Tawi Tawi: 120-21
Technicians, shortages in: 40
Tennessee: 76, 289n, 291, 302, 321
Terrain
Guam: 344-45, 349, 352-53, 356, 368-69, 374, 380, 384, 393, 397-401, 403-07, 409, 412-15, 417, 422, 424, 427, 435
Nafutan Point: 160
Saipan: 113, 130, 134-35, 138-39, 142, 168, 173-74, 200-201, 205n, 206, 213, 233, 245-46
Thirteenth Air Force: 71, 323
Tinian Harbor: 28, 278
Tinian: See also Mariana Islands.
air attacks on: 43, 44, 73, 277, 285-88, 291, 295, 297, 299-300, 302
air losses, Japanese: 51
air strength, U.S.: 288
airfield development, Japanese: 54, 60-61, 269-70
airfield development, U.S.: 296, 442-43
ammunition expenditures: 285-86, 299, 302
ammunition supply: 293
amphibious warfare, classic in: 269, 271
area bombardment: 42-43, 286-87
Army's role in: 303
artillery strength, U.S.: 286
artillery support, Japanese: 279, 282, 289
artillery support, U.S.: 133, 271-72, 274-77, 285-86, 291, 293, 295, 297-99, 302
Aslito in support of: 277
assault and consolidation phases: 288-93
assault force composition: 288-89
assault force strength: 36
banzai charge: 302-03
barbed wire, Japanese use of: 283
barbed wire, U.S. use of: 293
as base for bombing Japan: 303
booby traps, Japanese: 283
casualties, Japanese: 294, 294n
casualties, U.S.: 289, 363, 446
climate: 300-301
close air support: 299
command structure, U.S.: 275
communications, U.S.: 286, 292, 298-99
counterattacks, Japanese: 293-94, 302-03
counterbattery fire: 42, 285-86, 300
declared secured: 303
defensive plans, Japanese: 274, 278-83, 287, 293-94
distances, relative: 26, 269
effect of loss on Japan: 303
Eniwetok as U.S. base for: 271
exploitation phase: 294-303
feint landings, U.S.: 276, 289
flame throwers, U.S.: 298
fortification of: 278-83

garrison composition: 51, 278-83, 303
harbor facilities: 272, 442
infiltration tactics, Japanese: 294
intelligence estimates: 278-80, 282-83, 295
interservice friction, Japanese: 280
Japanese situations, periodic: 278-83
liaison measures: 299
loading and unloading operations: 272, 277, 300
logistical aspects: 270-71, 277
machine gun fire, Japanese: 302
machine gun fire, U.S.: 293
as Marine Corps operation: 303
mines, land, clearance of: 288, 291
mines, land, Japanese use of: 292, 297
mines, marine, Japanese: 283
morale, Japanese: 280
mortar fire support, U.S.: 302
napalm, tactical use: 288
naval gunfire support: 42-43, 277, 285-88, 291, 297, 300
night operations: 272, 283, 287, 293-94, 302-03
northern area, drive on: 294-96
parachute, supply by: 278
pillboxes: 282, 292
planning phase: 270-83, 296-97
railway facilities, postbattle: 442
reconnaissance, air: 26, 271, 278, 285-86
reconnaissance, beach: 28, 270-74, 283, 288
reconnaissance, ground: 133
rifle fire, Japanese: 302
Saipan in support of: 271-83, 285, 288, 291, 295, 299, 303
seizure of: 1, 269-303
shore party organization: 292
smoke, tactical use: 291
southern area, drive on: 296-301
suicides, Japanese: 280
supply operations: 277-78, 293, 300-301
surprise achieved: 283, 291-92
tactical plans, Japanese: 274, 278-83, 287, 293-94, 297
tactical plans, U.S.: 270-73, 296-97
tank support, Japanese: 279-80, 294
tank support, U.S.: 275, 292, 295, 298, 302
target date for: 13, 275
target designation: 285, 287, 299
topography: 26, 28-30, 269-70, 298, 301-02
troop dispositions, Japanese: 278-82
typhoon, effect of: 300-301
WHITE Beaches: 272-75, 278, 282-83, 286-89, 291-92, 295, 299-300
YELLOW Beach: 272-74, 282-83
Tinian Town: 213, 270, 272, 274, 276, 278, 280, 282-83, 286, 288-89, 293, 297, 302, 443
Tiyan: 383, 407
TNT pole charges: 432
Togo, Adm. Heigachiro: 119
Tojo, Gen. Hideki: 1, 69, 445
Tokuzo, Matsuya: 167n
Tokyo, air attacks on: 443
Topography
Gilberts: 62
Guam: 24-26, 28-30, 307-09
Marianas: 29, 45, 62-63
Marshalls: 62
Rota: 26
Saipan: 26, 28-29
Tinian: 26, 28-30, 269-70, 298, 301-02
Toto: 408
Tougow, 1st Lt. Bernard A.: 146
Towers, Vice Adm. John H.: 14
Toyoda, Adm. Soeumu: 69, 120-21
Tractors, shortages in: 128
Trailers, shortages in: 128, 277
Training
accidents in: 47
amphibious: 33-35, 315-16
beach reconnaissance: 45
demolitions: 45
engineer troops: 45
Expeditionary Troops: 45-47
for Guam: 314-18
jungle: 45
loading and unloading operations: 45-46
for mountainous areas: 45
in naval gunfire: 74, 76
night operations: 45
rubber boat: 45
for Saipan: 45-47
tank-infantry operations: 45
Transfer control line, definition of: 85
Transport Division 38: 347
Transports, troop. See Shipping; Troop transports.
TRIDENT Conference: 7-9, 15-20
Troop dispositions, Japanese
Guam: 329-33
Saipan: 64-69
Tinian: 278-82
Troop dispositions, U.S., on Saipan: 165-67, 211
Troop transports: 48, 50. See also Shipping, U.S.
Japanese losses: 59-60
U.S. force: 47, 288-89
Trucks: 277
2-½ton cargo: 50, 126, 128
shortages in: 128
Truk Island
air attacks on: 13, 15, 39, 56, 69, 71, 322
air losses, Japanese: 15
attacks on Japanese shipping: 13, 15
MacArthur's opposition to: 16

naval base development: 9, 55
plans for isolating: 7, 9, 12, 14, 19, 71
target date for: 13
Trummel, 1st Lt. Joseph: 205, 229
Tsujimura, Rear Adm. Takahisa: 65
Tsushima Strait, battle of: 119
Tsutsuuran: 163
Tulagi: 320
Tumon Bay: 307, 317, 327, 331, 333-34, 364
Turnage, Maj. Gen. Allen H.: 317, 344, 357, 363, 383, 393, 400-401, 407, 417
Turner, Vice Adm. Richmond Kelly: 33, 35, 40, 99, 123, 130-31, 164-65, 191-95, 264, 271-72, 274-75, 311-12, 315
Typhoon, on Tinian: 300

Ulithi, as naval base: 19
Umatac: 309, 374, 376
Underhill, Maj. Gen. James L., USMC: 303
Underwater demolition teams

No. 3: 322
No. 4: 322
No. 5: 272, 288
No. 6: 322
No. 7: 272
at Guam: 312, 322, 335
at Saipan: 42, 44, 77-78, 84, 128
Unit Jungle Training Center: 316
Units of fire, Japanese: 69
Units of fire, U.S.: 48, 129
Unloading operations. See Loading and unloading operations.
Uruno Point: 317
United States Army Forces in the Central Pacific Area. See Richardson, Lt. Gen. Robert C., Jr.
United States Fleet. See Navy, U.S.
Ushi Point: 60, 131, 269, 274, 278, 280, 282, 288, 293, 295-96, 300, 303

Van Orman, Lt. Col. Ellsworth G., USMC: 300
Vandegrift, Lt. Gen. Alexander A., USMC: 356, 437
Visayan Sea: 121
Vogelkop Peninsula: 10, 13, 18

W Day, use of term: 312
Wake Island, air attacks on: 71
Waller: 288
War Department: 326
Warge, 1st Lt. Charles: 219
Washington conference: 7-9, 15-20
Wasp: 339-40
Water purification: 382

shortages: 211, 218, 266, 344, 382, 386, 400
supply: 386-87, 398, 400
Waterson, Capt. David: 209
Watson, Maj. Gen. Thomas E., USMC: 37, 90, 168, 276, 295, 300
Weapons carriers, 3/4-ton: 126
Weather conditions. See Climate.
Weigand, 1st Lt. George R.: 226
West Field, Tinian: 443
West Virginia training area: 315
Western Landing Group: 78. See also Hill, Rear Adm. Harry W.
White, Capt. Earl: 148, 154, 259
WHITE Beach 1, Saipan: 128
WHITE Beaches, Guam: 344-45, 359
WHITE Beaches, Tinian: 272-75, 278, 282-83, 286-89, 291-92, 295, 299-300
White Cliff: 165
White phosphorus, tactical use of: 132, 286
Whitehead, Capt. Richard F., USN: 132, 313-14, 340
Whitney, 1st Lt. James T.: 396
Williams, 1st Lt. Dudley A.: 253
Wilson, Pfc. Robert L., USMC: 303n
Woleai, plans for seizure: 9, 19, 323

Yamato: 120
Yancey, Lt. Col. Thomas R.: 40
Yano, Lt. Chuichi: 279
Yap, plans for seizure: 9, 19, 324
YELLOW Beach, Tinian: 272-74, 282-83
YELLOW Beaches, Guam: 344-45
YELLOW Beaches, Saipan: 40, 43, 81, 87, 109-10, 127, 133
Yigo: 308, 386, 414-31, 435
Ylig Bay: 376
Yona Island: 342, 381, 384
Yoshida, Maj. Kiyoshi: 131
Yukioka, Maj. Setsuo: 365-66