From MAILER-DAEMON Sat Feb 28 10:25:03 2009 Return-Path: <> X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.1.8 (2007-02-13) on industrial X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-87.1 required=2.4 tests=ADVANCE_FEE_1,AWL, MAILTO_TO_SPAM_ADDR,SPF_HELO_PASS,USER_IN_WHITELIST autolearn=disabled version=3.1.8 X-Original-To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Delivered-To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Received: from listserv.albany.edu (unknown [169.226.1.24]) by metalab.unc.edu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 461F54905A for ; Sat, 28 Feb 2009 10:24:51 -0500 (EST) Received: from listserv.albany.edu (listserv.albany.edu [169.226.1.24]) by listserv.albany.edu (8.13.8/8.13.8) with ESMTP id n1SEr0Bl013917 for ; Sat, 28 Feb 2009 10:24:50 -0500 (EST) Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2009 10:24:50 -0500 From: "University at Albany LISTSERV Server (14.5)" Subject: File: "BEE-L LOG0605C" To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Message-ID: Content-Length: 59009 Lines: 1360 ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 05:16:16 EDT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Chris Slade Subject: HMF MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit HMF levels is not the only way in which the EU protects itself from imports of honey from the warmer and poorer countries of the World. The worst example is of their rule that states that honey is only honey when produced by Apis mellifera honeybees; but there are also many other impediments to free trade. Those interested could take a look at the Proceedings of the Honey Trade work shop that Bees for Development held at Apimondia in Dublin last August - it's on their website. Chris -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 08:58:38 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bill Truesdell Subject: Re: Pondering HFCS In-Reply-To: <7.0.0.16.0.20060513082532.06601c58@BluffwoodCreek.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Rob Green wrote: > I guess the issue is the relative badness of the different sugar feeds, > and whether HFCS is detectable specifically. > > Folks, this HFCS issue isn't going to go away. It could have an impact > on our sales, and more importantly, if HFCS is generally considered > unhealthy by the marketplace (rightly or wrongly so) then it's NOT going > to help the reputation of honey. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A8003-2003Mar10?language=printer This article from the Washington Post is balanced and explains the issue with HFCS. You may have to register. My post on fructose/glucose and sucrose in both HCFS and honey was to show that HCFS is not a problem as a winter feed. A little understanding of the product our bees deliver would show that if you make HCFS a health problem (it is not) then honey, because honey has the same sugars, is also a health problem. If you think that will not happen then you have not read some of the other part of the fringe in the organic world populated by PETA and others of their ilk who are against beekeeping and love to boycott honey because of slave-keeping beekeepers. HCFS is an issue to beekeepers only in the adulteration of honey when it is mixed and sold as pure honey. That is an affront to God, nature and the FDA. This has been discussed often and insightfully here on the list. Jim alluded to it in his post about the detectability of HCFS in honey. (BTW, beet sugar is harmful to bees a a feed.) When it is used as a scare tactic by some to show that only organic honey is good, then you have to remove fructose from honey, for that is the supposed "deadly" component of HCFS that harms people. In essence, you kill honey as a "health" food since it is no better than corn syrup. And the good old "white death #1", which is white sugar (white death #2 is white bread), becomes the sweetener of choice for the health conscious. Plus, cane sugar is actually the best winter feed for bees. HCFS is second and honey is one of the worst. White sugar is pure sucrose. Funny thing is, our own gut breaks it down, not unlike our bees, to fructose and glucose. The problem with sugar, honey and HCFS is excess consumption, not what is in it. Pizza is one of the most balanced foods, but in excess we will all be balloons. Same with cheerios, as was shown in Consumer Reports. The problem with our bees is they are a group of mini-chemical factories which covert sucrose to glucose and fructose. Those evil insects are poisoning our children- if you push they hype about HCFS. The real issue with HCFS is it is too good at what it does (be more sweet tasting than honey or white sugar (sucrose) and has a great lobby along along with the sugar lobby. Corn sweetener is cheaper than cane sugar in the US only because of the import restrictions on cane sugar to protect both the corn and cane sugar industries. If we remove those restrictions, the price of sugar would plummet and soft drinks would be made from cane sugar (as in Mexico, where people buy Coke (the drink not the drug) and bring it back into the US (both the drink and the drug) for resale to aficionados). Or US beekeepers would use it as feed as do Canadians, with their cheaper cane sugar. Unfortunately, when you start an organic topic, all rational thought leaves the building. HCFS is fed to bees for winter feed. From that point on, there is no difference between organic honey (whatever that is) and the HCFS fed bees and what they bring into the supers in the summer. The bee has never understood the difference between an organic food source and one that is looked at with disdain by their less intelligent handlers. They will gleefully slurp from near empty soft drink containers (tonic or soda, depending on your part of the country), lap up dog urine, and bring explosive residue back for Jerry. If you review posts about the stuff they find and bring back, you will read of the many products they enjoy and the colors imparted to honey by their choices. It really does pay for the boss to know the product of the workers. My point is simple: before we condemn an industry, both the corn and commercial beekeeping, let us be careful lest we condemn ourselves in the process. For information: I do not feed my bees anything except candy in the spring. So I have no ax to grind here. Bill Truesdell (in the immortal words of R. King, "Can't we all get along?" In the immortal words of Allen Dick, "No".) Bath, Maine -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 10:45:08 -0400 Reply-To: james.fischer@gmail.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Organization: Fischer Alchemy Subject: Re: Pondering HFCS Bill Truesdell said: > (BTW, beet sugar is harmful to bees as a feed.) Where did you hear this, Bill? All I recall is that several studies (most of them done in Canada when they were trying to work out how to overwinter bees on the plains) that found no tangible difference between HFCS, cane sugar syrup, and beet sugar syrup as a feed for "worst case overwintering", when bees are confined for very long periods. (Sorry, I have no citations) These same studies showed significant disadvantages in attempting to overwinter on honey stores versus the various alternatives. These findings infuriate those who persist in somehow thinking that honey just HAS to be the best possible feed for overwintering simply because "the bees know best", and "its natural", a cognitive stance that must also imply that the best possible queens would be swarm or supercedure queens, rather than overtly "bred" or AI queens. :) That said, the longer the period in which bees are unable to fly during winter, the more that the indigestible components of honey would become an issue of concern, so in mild climates, with winters that allow periodic bee flight, I doubt that there would be much detectable negative impact from feeding honey, other than that nagging empty feeling in one's wallet. Here are two fairly detailed overviews of feeding pros and cons, that are online: http://www.beesource.com/pov/usda/abjfeb1977.htm http://www.rirdc.gov.au/reports/HBE/05-054.pdf -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 13:34:11 -0500 Reply-To: rgarrett@evansville.net Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Richard E. Garrett" Subject: RED CLOVER Is RED CLOVER concidered a good honey plant? I have heard that honey bees toungs are too short to handle red clover. I noticed about five acres that is getting ready to bloom close to one of my hives. If it stops raining and warms up they might work on it. Richard -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 16:41:57 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bill Truesdell Subject: Re: Pondering HFCS Comments: To: james.fischer@gmail.com In-Reply-To: <000401c6782e$2a306040$640fa8c0@gollum> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit James Fischer wrote: > Bill Truesdell said: > >> (BTW, beet sugar is harmful to bees as a feed.) > > Where did you hear this, Bill? > From my slowly deteriorating memory. Fortunately we have the archives so here is what I said long ago. "Depends on the point in the production process at which they used it. Fully refined is good. Anywhere else in the process is bad. Beet sugar is even worse anywhere else except the final sugar. Lots of information in the literature about this, including bees having lots of problems around sugar mills." So the issue with beet sugar is the level of refinement. Refined beet sugar is no different than cane, so I should have checked my own writings, brilliant as they were, before trusting on memory. I do love this list. No one lets you get away with anything. Bill Truesdell (I really meant "beat sugar", the product of the refinement of ancient (60's) hippies.) Bath, Maine -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 15 May 2006 21:18:29 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Brian_Fredericksen?= Subject: Re: RED CLOVER Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit On Mon, 15 May 2006 13:34:11 -0500, Richard E. Garrett wrote: >Is RED CLOVER concidered a good honey plant? I have heard that honey >bees toungs are too short to handle red clover. Yes that is correct information, no nectar for honeybees. In very dry seasons sometimes red clover can become stunted and the flower is short enough for honeybees to reach the nectar. Dutch clover usually yields nectar before sweet clover at least here in Mn and would be the first major clover flow of the season. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 16 May 2006 08:36:34 -0500 Reply-To: rgarrett@evansville.net Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Richard E. Garrett" Subject: Re: RED CLOVER Thanks to all for the Red Clover info. I know my dad always said that it took Bumble Bees to polinate Red Clover. I am starting to see yellow sweet clover blosoms. Richard -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 16 May 2006 10:48:09 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bill Truesdell Subject: Re: RED CLOVER In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Brian Fredericksen wrote: > Yes that is correct information, no nectar for honeybees. In very dry > seasons sometimes red clover can become stunted and the flower is > short enough for honeybees to reach the nectar. Mowing also seems to work. The second flowering appears to yield a shorter flower. I have a lot of red clover that we mow and the bees visit it. The problem is, they visit it short or long, so I am not sure if they are getting nectar or just pollen. Flowers are not necessarily uniform, so there may be some they can get nectar from, even in the first flowering group. Honey bees are used to commercially pollinate red clover. So it may be more in the area of hard but not impossible, like blueberries here in Maine. If that is all that is available, they will keep trying. Also, there are a bunch of different varieties of red clover, so we may be right or wrong depending on the variety. Bill Truesdell Bath, Maine -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 17 May 2006 01:38:01 +0300 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Roger White Subject: Importation of bees from Australia Comments: To: irishbeekeeping@yahoogroups.co.uk MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-7" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable The Apiservices (www.beekeeping.com) website carries an article = published in the Observer newspaper about bees discovered on a flight = from Australia. The small hive beetle is present in Australia and the = import must have been without proper documentation as health = certificates are required to state that SHB does not occur in the = exporting country. Best regards Roger White Superbee bees Cyprus. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 17 May 2006 09:37:31 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-7" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello Roger, I went to the posted site. Huge! Did not find the article but will try again late tonight after bee work ends at dark. Which country was the import going to? I have got quite a bit of information ( pages & pages)on the way Australia exports bees through research for my ABJ articles. If the export was done without paperwork then I hope they burn the exporter. Please email me the exporters name privately if you find out Roger. Thanks! If through the inspection service then I think I can find the loop hole and post. I saw a loop hole when doing the research. Sincerely, Bob Harrison -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 17 May 2006 08:29:15 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dee Lusby Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia In-Reply-To: <000a01c67939$6ef0f620$88939ac2@usercb2044b78b> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Roger White writes: The small hive beetle is present in Australia... Reply: How can this be without the accompanying baggage? Respectfully submitted, Dee A. Lusby Small Cell Commercial Beekeeper Moyza, Arizona http://groups.yahoo.com/group/organicbeekeepers/ __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 17 May 2006 15:31:23 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Aaron Morris Subject: FW: CONGRESSIONAL CALLS NEEDED MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable =20 -----Original Message----- From: Troy Fore [mailto:troyfore@abfnet.org]=20 Sent: Wednesday, May 17, 2006 3:30 PM To: Producer Friendlies Subject: CONGRESSIONAL CALLS NEEDED =09 =09 PLEASE CALL YOUR CONGRESSMAN - As soon as possible: =09 We have received an alert from Washington that when the House Agricultural Appropriations bill goes to the floor tomorrow (Thursday), Congressman Jeff Flake (R-AZ) plans to offer a series of amendments aimed at stripping the funding for many agriculture research efforts including the ARS bee labs in Weslaco, Texas, and Baton Rouge, Louisiana. =09 We need many Congressmen to hear from beekeepers that this research is important to our industry. Ask them not to support Rep. Flake's amendments. =09 For your information, the Appropriations Committee's bill funds the bee labs at the same level as last year. The Agricultural Research Service, as a whole, is funded $49 million below last year's level.=20 =09 You can reach your Congressman via the House switchboard - 202-225-3121 - ask for the Congressman's office, then for the person who handles farming issues. =09 If you get any relevant feedback, please pass these on to me. You call needs to go to Washington Wednesday afternoon or early Thursday morning. =09 Below, I have listed several of Rep. Flake's recent pronouncements of federal funding. It would be easy to dismiss a challenge such as this - as we hope Congress will do - but in this time of tight budgets and tough competition for the federal dollar, no challenge can go ignored. =09 Thanks, =09 Troy =09 Troy Fore Executive Director American Beekeeping Federation, Inc. P.O. Box 1337 - Jesup, Georgia 31598-1337 USA Street Address: 115 Morning Glory Circle - ZIP: 31546 Tel. 912-427-4233 - Fax 912-427-8447 Internet: =20 =09 Serving the Industry Since 1943 =09 =09 = =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D =09 SOME OF REP. FLAKE'S RECENT NEWS RELEASES: =09 Congressman Flake Spotlights Egregious Earmark of the Week=20 $179,000 for Hydroponic Tomato Production in Ohio =09 =09 Washington, D.C., May 17 -=20 =09 Republican Congressman Jeff Flake, who represents the Arizona's Sixth District, today highlighted a pork project contained in the Agriculture appropriations bill for fiscal year 2006. =09 This week's egregious earmark: $179,000 for hydroponic tomato production in Ohio. =09 "Congress needs to ketchup with public opinion and start getting serious about eliminating pork projects like this," said Flake. =09 =3D=3D=3D =09 Congressman Flake Spotlights Egregious Earmark of the Week=20 $196,000 for Geese Control in New York=20 =09 Mesa, Arizona, May 12 - Republican Congressman Jeff Flake, who represents the Arizona's Sixth District, today highlighted a pork project contained in the Agriculture appropriations bill for fiscal year 2006. =09 This week's egregious earmark: $196,000 for geese control in New York. =09 "Because of pork like this, our goose might be cooked come November," said Flake. =09 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D =09 Congressman Flake Spotlights Egregious Earmark of the Week=20 $75,000 for Catfish Genome Research in Auburn, Alabama=20 =09 Washington, D.C., May 3 - Republican Congressman Jeff Flake, who represents the Arizona's Sixth District, today highlighted a pork project contained in the Agriculture appropriations bill for fiscal year 2006. =09 This week's egregious earmark: $75,000 for catfish genome research in Auburn, Alabama. =09 "Angling for pork projects like this turns us all into bottom feeders," said Flake. =09 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D =09 Congressman Flake Spotlights Egregious Earmark of the Week=20 $5,000,000 for the Poultry Science Research Facility in Starkville, Mississippi=20 =09 Mesa, Arizona, Apr 19 - =09 Republican Congressman Jeff Flake, who represents the Arizona's Sixth District, today highlighted a pork project contained in the Agriculture appropriations bill for fiscal year 2006. =09 This week's egregious earmark: $5,000,000 for the Poultry Science Research Facility in Starkville, Mississippi. =09 "If Republicans continue presiding over pork projects like this, the chickens may come home to roost in November," said Flake. "Voters are madder than a wet hen."=20 -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 07:36:35 +1000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: queenbee Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-7"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > health certificates are required to state that SHB does not occur in the > exporting country. Saw the article referred to. It is sketchy on details of who it was or where in Australia the bees came from. As I understand it the EU does not require country freedom. The EU certification requires that queens:- "(d) come from an area of at least 100 km radius which is not the subject of any restrictions associated with the occurrence of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) or Tropilaelaps spp. and where these infestations are absent; (e) are from hives or come from hives or colonies (in the case of bumble bees), which were inspected immediately prior to dispatch and show no clinical signs or suspicion of disease including infestations affecting bees; (f) have undergone detailed examination to ensure that all bees and packaging do not contain the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) or its eggs and larvae, or other infestations, in particular Tropilaelaps spp., affecting bees." There are places in Australia that can get this certification. If they were packages, then I would be surprised because as I read it only "breeder queens" can go to the EU. Roger, if you have more details let me know and I will take it up with the authorities in Australia. Trevor Weatherhead AUSTRALIA Coming to Apimondia in Australia in 2007? -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 17 May 2006 18:56:07 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Howard_Kogan?= Subject: Powdered sugar-Dowda method Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Dear Friends; There was some discussion about using this method last summer and some concern voiced about the cornstarch that is generally found in powdered sugar. Can anyone share some results as of this spring? Did the method work effectively at controling varroa mites? Did the cornstarch cause any problems? Howard Kogan -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 00:28:20 +0100 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Peter Edwards Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-7"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Roger White wrote: >The Apiservices (www.beekeeping.com) website carries an article published >in the Observer newspaper about bees discovered on a flight from Australia. Could we have a more specific link please - I cannot find it either! Best wishes Peter Edwards beekeepers@stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk www.stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk/ -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 00:09:34 -1000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Howard McGinnis Subject: Beekeepers in Poconos, PA In-Reply-To: <00bf01c67a09$95d89010$957d2a50@office> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Aloha, Looking for a contact with the nearest beekeeping association to Poconos, PA. Thanks, Howard McGinnis -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 12:22:46 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "waldig@netzero.com" Subject: After-swarm virgins. Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I just experienced my first after-swarms. I located the unmarked, young queens after hiving the swarms. My question is: are after-swarm virgins ready to mate as soon as the swarms settle in a new home? I am thinking that if a virgin is mature enough to fly, it's mature enough to mate. Is this right or do they need a few extra days? Thanks, Waldemar -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 05:35:02 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Mike & Janet Brisson Subject: Powdered sugar-Dowda method MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi there, we have been using powdered sugar intensely as our only miticide since March of 2005. Please check out our website for more details www.countyrubes.com and check out some of our links on powdered sugar. We brought our hives through the winter without any losses and now we are at the start of our raspberry flow and our hives are booming. March of 2005 we were severely infested with varroa with very high daily falls between 20 and 50 and lots of deformed wings. We used these treatments 3 times spaced 7 days apart almost every other month avoiding honey flows. Our first treatments showed over 1000 (we stopped counting at 1000, too much to do) mites trapped in the powdered sugar. By August, after a 4 part treatment, when mite populations should have been soaring, our counts were lower than ever. We continued dusting our hives about once a month through the winter. We live in California where we get a nice few days every month and our bees do fly almost all year. We have had absolutely no stomach problems and have used no products for nosema. A year latter, our 24 hours drops have been between 0 and 9. We had one hive go queenless for three weeks (had trouble with the queen cell in the protected) and did a one time treatment and found approximately maybe 100 mites, the most we have seen in a while. The hive was phoretic with no mites hiding in capped cells. I'm sure this means something to the scientific community. We have learned to tolerate higher mite loads and not run for chemical miticides when the counts were high and are so pleased with our results. We will 3 part treat again after the berry flow (we have blackberry next) and then again in early August (the critical time). Then we will treat as needed as I think we have the varroa under control. I have been getting 100's of letters from people using powdered sugar with great results. There are more than a few beekeepers who dust every time they enter their hives. Just talked to a man who is using a screen board, putting it on top of his supers, pours the sugar onto that and brushes the screen, not the top of his frames. This doesn't upset his bees like the brushing of the frames do. It upsets the bees like when you brush them off honey frames, which now has me thinking about our bee blower and using that to blow the sugar off the frames into the hive next time we treat. Other than the brushing, the bees do not seem to mind the powdered sugar. When you first sift it on, you get a curious buzz, nothing angry. They do get a little upset over brushing the sugar of the tops of hives. I did do some test last year to see if the open brood was affected with powdered sugar and and then with rye flour. The rye flour was a diaster, killed brood, got moldy in the winter, didn't kill the bees, but just made a mess of everything. I got the idea of rye flour from an old timer who used it sucessfully as a pollen subistute. Anyone want a 25# bag of organic rye flour? So far, couldn't be happier. Sincerely, Janet Brisson -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 15:47:48 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Milt_Lathan?= Subject: mite treatment during flow? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Plain & simple, in-city hive is boiling over with bees but the mite load (and DWV) has shot way up as well. But, the spring/summer flow has started in town - is there any safe treatment at this time? Thanks. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 19:26:14 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Adrian M. Wenner" Subject: Honey bee independence of opinion In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v623) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=WINDOWS-1252; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Bees' independence of opinions? Several weeks ago Peter Borst and others provided considered commentary about research by Tom Seeley and co-workers about swarm movement. The same sort of attitude they expressed is evident in a two-part series of articles by Emily Smith and Gard Otis, as published in March and April in the American Bee Journal. In that two-part series Smith and Otis insisted that they had finally “resolved” the bee language controversy in favor of the bee language hypothesis. I apologize for my delay in response to those contributions. My delay has been largely due to my responsibilities as President of the Western Apicultural Society (activity related to a conference to be held 24-27 July in Buellton, California). That position has meant that I have been almost solely responsible for locking in a convention center, negotiating good rates at an adjacent motel, lining up an exciting line of speakers, getting out publicity, arranging for a western-style barbeque, etc. In addition, I was invited to be one of five Plenary Speakers at the Eighth European Congress of Entomology, to be held next September in Izmir, Turkey. That entails getting air travel at a reasonable rate, arranging hotel accommodations, working up an abstract (due next week), etc. Both the Beekman, et al. American Scientist article (“How does an informed minority of scouts guide a honeybee swarm as it flies to its new home?” alluded to by Borst) and the Smith and Otis contributions fail to account for the fact that rational cases can always be made for any hypothesis or another, particularly if one ignores evidence at variance with “Ruling Theory.” (That last term was coined by Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin in an 1890 Science article, reprinted in that same journal in 1965.) In his opening comments, Chamberlin wrote, “… The process of thought and its results must be individual and independent, not the mere following of previous lines of thought ending in predetermined results.” Chamberlin added: “There is an unconscious selection and magnifying of the phenomena that fall into harmony with the theory and support it, and an unconscious neglect of those that fail of coincidence. The mind lingers with pleasure upon the facts that fall happily into the embrace of the theory, and feels a natural coldness toward those that seem refractory. … There springs up, also, an unconscious pressing of the theory to make it fit the facts, and a pressing of the facts to make them fit the theory. … The theory then rapidly rises to the ruling position, and investigation, observation, and interpretation are controlled and directed by it. From an unduly favored child, it readily becomes master and leads its author whithersoever it will.” For much more on this topic, see: http://www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/biossep1993.htm Seeley and co-workers assumed a singular line of reasoning (bee language is real), as did Smith and Otis, and worked hard to gather results in agreement with that ruling theory. Unfortunately, in some of the Beekman, et al. experiments, they coated the Nasanov glands with enamel paint, thereby providing a very distinctive odor into their experimental design — and then concluded odor was not a factor in swarm movement. I mostly prefer the excellent account of swarming in the two-part series by James Tew in the March and April issues of Bee Culture, as well as another odor-search explanation that I published in the American Bee Journal back in 1992 (not cited by Seeley and co-workers), as follows: http://www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/abjjan1992.htm Smith and Otis, in their “resolution” of the bee language controversy could also have benefited from studying the Chamberlin account. Instead, they “pressed the theory to make it fit the facts and pressed the facts to make them fit the theory.” In doing so, they omitted the solid evidence at variance with the language hypothesis that I had earlier provided them. They thus did not achieve “resolution.” Pat Wells and I will have a letter to this effect in the American Bee Journal in the July issue, and I have covered this topic in more detail at: http://www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/abjmar_aprreply.htm Finally, is it possible that “bees can do math”? (as suggested in Peter’s later posting). I view that explanation as just another attempt to shore up the beleaguered dance language hypothesis. Adrian M. Wenner (805) 963-8508 (home office phone) 967 Garcia Road wenner@lifesci.ucsb.edu Santa Barbara, CA 93103 www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/index.htm “The more persuasive the evidence against a belief, the more virtuous it is deemed to persist in it.” Robert Park — 2000 (Voodoo Science) Adrian M. Wenner (805) 963-8508 (home office phone) 967 Garcia Road wenner@lifesci.ucsb.edu Santa Barbara, CA 93103 www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/index.htm “The more persuasive the evidence against a belief, the more virtuous it is deemed to persist in it.” Robert Park — 2000 (Voodoo Science) -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 19:29:44 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Mike Stoops Subject: Re: mite treatment during flow? In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Milt Lathan wrote: Plain & simple, in-city hive is boiling over with bees but the mite load (and DWV) has shot way up as well. But, the spring/summer flow has started in town - is there any safe treatment at this time? Try a cup of powdered sugar per brood chamber dusted between the frames in your brood chambers once a week for three or four weeks. Mike in LA --------------------------------- Be a chatter box. Enjoy free PC-to-PC calls with Yahoo! Messenger with Voice. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 22:30:31 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: John & Christy Horton Subject: Priming with "storebought" royal jelly MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Does anyone anywhere know if priming queen cells with "storebought" royal jelly has any detrimental effects on queen quality. John Horton -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 06:38:36 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: George Fergusson Subject: Re: mite treatment during flow? In-Reply-To: <20060519022944.55374.qmail@web53405.mail.yahoo.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Mike Stoops wrote: > Try a cup of powdered sugar per brood chamber dusted between the frames in your brood chambers once a week for three or four weeks. > I concur, and recommend that you also either use a screened bottom board or screened insert to facilitate removal of the sugar and fallen mites and that you count the mites to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. If you leave the sugar on the bottom, it makes a wonderful mess and the mites, which aren't killed immediately, have a chance to escape. An easy way to count the mites is to dissolve the powdered sugar in a cup or so of water in a bowl. If you use conventional bottom boards, a screened insert can be easily made using 3/8" sticks. Build a frame 14" x 18" or so and staple some #8 screen to one side and some 4 mil plastic to the other side and slide it in the entrance screen-side up. Leave it in for the day. Since it's mid-season I'd also be inclined to put some drone foundation in the brood nest but make sure you remove it after it's capped and before it emerges. An alternative is to put a couple of shallow or medium drawn combs in the brood nest and let the bees draw out some drone comb on the bottoms of the frames- which they will do- and again, make sure you cut it out before it emerges. It's a good idea to get before and after natural mite drop counts so you can assess the mite load and the efficacy of the treatment. If you've already got signs of PMS showing up it's questionable whether you'll get any surplus off the hives anyways- heavily mite infested hives don't forage well. It may be advisable to pull the supers and get the mites under control now, save the bees and forgo the honey crop which you're probably not going to get anyways. George- -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 18 May 2006 19:33:29 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Francis_Fedrizzi?= Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Could you tell us what brand of powdered sugar you use? Does it contain corn starch? Thanks, Fran -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 10:00:38 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dan&jan Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; reply-type=original; charset=Windows-1252; format=flowed Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit There are two kinds of powered sugar--confectioners sugar contains up to 2 % starch and is the form found in stores. Plain powdered sugar can usually be found at bakers supply stores but usually comes in large quantities. Maybe a local pastry baker may have smaller quantities Dan Veilleux in the mountains of NC zone 6a -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 09:20:40 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Mike & Janet Brisson Subject: Re: Powdered Sugar Method Comments: cc: Ed Geels MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Dr. Geels, I've got a few emails about access. Our website is www.countryrubes.com I wonder what I did wrong? Anyways, I use roughly 1/2 pound per hive, and if the hive is really = infested, we put about 1/3 c powdered sugar on each super, brush it = with a beebrush, then stack the next super on top, repeat. Do this = treatment 3 to 4 times 6 to 8 days apart to capture mites in capped = brood. If you catch a swarm, go queenless, any broodless situation, the = mites are phoretic, and you will capture most of them. Remove sugar in = 24 hours. The sugar turns hard, the mites will walk right over it. Dr. = Eric Mussen of UC Davis says the mites don't die, but some I think they = do. We use SBB that the sugar fall to and its easy to remove. =20 http://www.countryrubes.com/pages/9/index.htm that should take your = right to the powdered sugar. Thanks for writting, Janet Brisson ----- Original Message -----=20 From: Ed Geels=20 To: rubes@INFOSTATIONS.COM=20 Sent: Friday, May 19, 2006 6:17 AM Subject: Powdered Sugar Method Saw your post on the Bee-L and tried to access your website with no = success so i'm trying the email method. How much powdered sugar do you = use each time for each hive? Thanks, Edwin Geels Dr. Edwin J. Geels Professor of Chemistry Dordt College -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 13:32:05 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: ROSSY CASTILLO Subject: Re: Priming with "storebought" royal jelly MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I don't prime queen cells ,I use JzBz cups and a chinesse tool and have no problem at all with the quality of my queens, on the contrary I have very good results.I've been working so for ten years (with the chinesse tool) anf for 20 years without priming.I have export my queens to Spain, France,Germany, Argentina and Bolivia. You only have to be careful and get a very good grafting tool.I recommend you a chinesse .Try it. >From Chile Rossy Castillo ----- Original Message ----- From: "John & Christy Horton" To: Sent: Thursday, May 18, 2006 11:30 PM Subject: [BEE-L] Priming with "storebought" royal jelly > Does anyone anywhere know if priming queen cells with "storebought" royal > jelly has any detrimental effects on queen quality. > John Horton > > -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 16:04:31 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: George Fergusson Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Francis Fedrizzi wrote: > Could you tell us what brand of powdered sugar you use? Does it contain > corn starch? The regular confectioner's sugar you buy in the store has some small percentage of corn starch in it, 2-3% is what I understand. Keeps it from lumping/clumping. I was told by someone who clearly had an opinion but very likely no hard evidence, that the small amount of cornstarch, which is not particularly good for bees, caused no problems because a) they weren't cooped up in the hive during and after treatments as they might be in the winter if it were fed to them as food, and b) that they don't really eat much of it anyways when you dump it in the hive- they spend most of their efforts grooming it off, which behavior undoubtedly has something to do with why the treatment works. Clearly they're going to end up consuming some of the powdered sugar but I've never heard of any problems resulting from the use of it in this fashion. As someone else posted, you can get plain old powdered sugar without starch. I've never bothered. I did try grinding up some regular table sugar finely, in a blender, and while it seemed to work, it was rather tedious and I never tried it. I'm not sure how fine is fine and what impact the particle size has on the effectiveness of the treatment. George- -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 22:29:45 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Organization: Fischer Alchemy Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method Excuse me for being picky, but if we are going to use this very handy tool, we need to give credit where credit is due. I have seen powdered sugar dusting for varroa control labeled the "Dowda Method" multiple times in the past 2 years, and I am concerned that proper credit is not being given to the researcher having priority in this specific area. The University of Helsinki (Finland) awarded a PhD to Kamran F. Fakhimizadeh, based in part on his thesis: "Detection of major mite pests of Apis mellifera and development of non-chemical control of varroasis" Dr. Fakhimizadeh published his work in American Bee Journal (June 2000) and the refereed journal Apidologie (Issue 2 of 2001). He even posted a few comments to Bee-L back in May 2001 about his work. While Mr. Thomas Dowda, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Supervisor with the state of Florida did write a 2004 ABJ sidebar on the subject, I am sure that he would not want to be put in the position of looking like he is trying to steal Dr. Fakhimizadeh's thunder. While it was well-known for some time that just about any substance (even sprayed water!) introduced into a hive can increase the varroa drop above "natural" levels, Dr. Fakhimizadeh went to the trouble to look at tarsal pads of varroa mites, and work out the exact range of particle sizes required to clog the tarsal pads. He thereby created the first viable non-toxic "weapons system" targeted at varroa. One big problem is that I don't know how to pronounce "Fakhimizadeh" either, and this may be what prompts people to call the approach "The Dowda Method". But it ain't Dowda's method, and people need to be recognized for their work if they are to survive in the take-no-prisoners business of research. Its cheap, it works, it is non-toxic, and it can be done with easy-to-find materials by unskilled personnel. I think it is worthwhile to at least give proper credit for the thought that went into it. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 19 May 2006 23:00:01 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dee Lusby Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method In-Reply-To: <00f301c67bb5$42de74d0$640fa8c0@gollum> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit J. Fischer writes: Dr. Fakhimizadeh published his work in American Bee Journal (June 2000) and the refereed journal Apidologie (Issue 2 of 2001). He even posted a few comments to Bee-L back in May 2001 about his work. While Mr. Thomas Dowda, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Supervisor with the state of Florida did write a 2004 ABJ sidebar on the subject, I am sure that he would not want to be put in the position of looking like he is trying to steal Dr. Fakhimizadeh's thunder. Reply: If I may ask, what happened to W. B. Ramirez with his investigations showing that dusts and powders are very effective against varroa way back in 1988? Not that there weren't others involved or countries doing work i.e. France? Seems to me this was talked about in the now old "The Varroa Handbook" by Mobus & Connor Respectfully submitted, Dee A. Lusby Small Cell Commercial Beekeeper Moyza, Arizona http://groups.yahoo.com/group/organicbeekeepers/ __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 20 May 2006 01:20:18 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Apitherapy Products Popular in Japan MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Sales Strong for Japanese Royal Jelly, Honey Supplement Company News Feed, 5/12/2006 Noevir extends its philosophy from cosmetics to nutritional supplements, focusing on high quality, unique, safe products from natural sources. In January, Noevir launched Tibet Royal Jelly, which contains royal jelly from the Tibetan highlands and honey produced in Tibet. This is a high price point product, which has contributed significantly to health food sales... --- Japanese Herbal Medicine Firm to Launch Royal Jelly Revitalizer Tsumura to Release Chinese Herbal Medicine-Based Revitalizer Japan's Corporate News, 5/19/2006 Tokyo, May 19, 2006 (JCN) - Japanese leading kampo (Chinese herbal medicine) manufacturer Tsumura will launch OneTen P-alpha, its proprietary over-the-counter drug, on May 22. The new product contains five different animal crude drugs, three different herbal crude drugs, royal jelly and four types of vitamins, and helps revitalize physical conditions... -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 20 May 2006 11:14:45 +0100 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dave Cushman Subject: Re: Powdered sugar-Dowda method In-Reply-To: <00f301c67bb5$42de74d0$640fa8c0@gollum> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi James & all A minor correction... > The University of Helsinki (Finland) awarded a PhD to > Kamran F. Fakhimizadeh, The man's name is Fakhimzadeh and I would venture that it is pronounced... fack-im-czar-da He is Finnish, but speaks Persian, English, Finnish, and Urdu, (Hindi) Although he may have been the one to get the PhD, the method was known about and discussed in the Czech republic earlier than 1990. Regards & Best 73s, Dave Cushman, G8MZY http://website.lineone.net/~dave.cushman or http://www.dave-cushman.net Short FallBack M/c, Build 6.02/3.1 (stable) -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 20 May 2006 10:36:23 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Grant Gillard Subject: Re: Priming with "storebought" royal jelly In-Reply-To: <002201c67af4$955c9780$25e84cd8@HortonFamily> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I don't graft, so FWIW, here's my question to your question: Just how much royal jelly do you think is in that small jar of "royal jelly?" It seems to me there is a whole bunch of other stuff in thar jar. Grant Jackson, MO John & Christy Horton wrote: Does anyone anywhere know if priming queen cells with "storebought" royal jelly has any detrimental effects on queen quality. John Horton -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- --------------------------------- Yahoo! Messenger with Voice. Make PC-to-Phone Calls to the US (and 30+ countries) for 2¢/min or less. -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 21 May 2006 10:30:01 +1000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: queenbee Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-7"; reply-type=response Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I don't think Peter got an answer to his question - > Could we have a more specific link please - I cannot find it either! Go to the website, www.beekeeping.com , then click on virtual beekeeping gallery (English), then click on new pages, then click on the article, "Honey, our bee are vanishing". That will get you to the article. Trevor Weatherhead AUSTRALIA Coming to Australia for Apimondia in 2007? -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 20 May 2006 21:29:46 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Ethyl Acetate Bee-Collected Pollen Extract Rich in Flavonoids MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Ethyl Acetate Bee-Collected Pollen Extract Rich in Flavonoids Chemical Composition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Pollen Loads from Stingless Bee Melipona Subnitida Ducke Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 5/15/06 Abstract: Bee-collected pollen (“bee pollen”) is promoted as a health food with a wide range of nutritional and therapeutic properties. In order to evaluate the chemical composition, botanical origin and free radical scavenging activity of this food, two sample pollen loads from stingless bee Melipona subnitida were studied... GO TO: www.apitherapynews.com -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info --- ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 21 May 2006 11:08:06 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Steve Bonine Subject: Re: Importation of bees from Australia In-Reply-To: <005701c67c6d$b3c269a0$5e92453d@new1> Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v750) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit >> Could we have a more specific link please - I cannot find it either! http://www.beekeeping.com/articles/us/bees_vanishing.htm -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---