From MAILER-DAEMON Sat Feb 28 11:09:32 2009 Return-Path: <> X-Spam-Checker-Version: SpamAssassin 3.1.8 (2007-02-13) on industrial X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-79.5 required=2.4 tests=ADVANCE_FEE_1,ADVANCE_FEE_2, AWL,FUZZY_AMBIEN,MAILTO_TO_SPAM_ADDR,SARE_FRAUD_X3,SOME_BREAKTHROUGH, SPF_HELO_PASS,USER_IN_WHITELIST autolearn=disabled version=3.1.8 X-Original-To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Delivered-To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Received: from listserv.albany.edu (unknown [169.226.1.24]) by metalab.unc.edu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 542FD4908C for ; Sat, 28 Feb 2009 11:03:39 -0500 (EST) Received: from listserv.albany.edu (listserv.albany.edu [169.226.1.24]) by listserv.albany.edu (8.13.8/8.13.8) with ESMTP id n1SG3YWr017258 for ; Sat, 28 Feb 2009 11:03:39 -0500 (EST) Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2009 11:03:35 -0500 From: "University at Albany LISTSERV Server (14.5)" Subject: File: "BEE-L LOG0805A" To: adamf@IBIBLIO.ORG Message-ID: Content-Length: 175977 Lines: 3960 ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 30 Apr 2008 22:39:20 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "=?windows-1252?Q?J._Waggle?=" Subject: Dr. Evans - The Apiarian Laureate Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hello All, I have been seeking for quite some time, a complete copy of “The Bee” by Dr. Evans. Passages from Evans, ‘the bee’ have been cited by Dr. Beavan (1827, 1843), and Neighbour (1866) as well as other literature written during the 19 century. Perhaps, lengthy, Dr. Evans work is always found fragmented, and never in it’s complete form. I have extreme interest in gathering Evans works in its entirety, as I believe it, as is Virgil, perhaps one of the most beautiful Apiarian poetic literature written. Neighbour writes of Dr. Evans: “Dr. Evans—who may be styled the poet-laureate of the bees lived at Shrewsbury, where he practiced as a physician. His poem on bees is written with great taste and careful elaboration, and it describes the habits of bees with a degree of accuracy only attainable after continuous scientific observation.” An extremely difficult search, I‘m only coming up with fragments. I am also looking for a biography of Dr.Evans. I just don't have the resources some here might. Thanks in advance! Very Best Regards, Joe Waggle http://pets.groups.yahoo.com/group/HistoricalHoneybeeArticles **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 08:54:44 +0100 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Peter Edwards Subject: Re: Beekeeping Class Preparation-Questions MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Yoon asked: > 1. Should I ask the students to purchase the whole protective outfit, > or only a hat and a veil to lower the cost? If you can move a hive or two to drain off the flyers then minimal protection should be needed. > 3. Should I ask the students to sign off a legal disclaimer against > potential life-threatening situations caused by bee-stings although I > cannot imagine how someone would knowingly sign up for the course when > he/she is truly allergic? Over here we would expect to have to do a full risk assessment with the college and each student would be required to sign a written disclaimer which would also ask questions about all previous allergic reactions. (We have also introduced this into our association apiary.) You cannot be too careful these days. Best wishes Peter Edwards beekeepers at stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk www.stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk/ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 04:35:52 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Video: Haagen Dazs Airs 'Help Save the Honey Bees' Commercial MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Video: Haagen Dazs Airs 'Help Save the Honey Bees' Commercial http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/haagen-dazs-airs-help-save-honey-bees.html As part of the "Haagen Dazs Loves Honey Bees"campaign, Haagen Dazs began airing a commercial on April 20 with a "Save the Honey Bees" message, stressing the importance of pollination... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 04:46:12 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Video: Superbugs Stung by Honey Bees MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Video: Superbugs Stung by Honey Bees http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/video-superbugs-stung-by-honey-bees.html The BBC's Martin Cassidy reports on how researchers in Belfast have discovered the secrets of its anti-microbial properties and its power to destroy a new form of MRSA. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 07:43:28 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Tim Arheit Subject: Re: Transportation of Queen cells In-Reply-To: <46806.35694.qm@web53402.mail.re2.yahoo.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" At 09:30 PM 4/30/2008, you wrote: >This unit is from New Zealand and plugs into a cig lighter. The link for it is here: http://www.carricell.com/ It is fairly expensive, $380-$435 GQF Manufacturing makes one as well. https://www.gqfmfg.com/store/comersus_viewItem.asp?idProduct=292 It's Styrofoam and is much cheaper and is really just their egg incubator (chicken/quail, etc.) -Tim **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 08:05:28 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: bdavis@BUFFALO.EDU Subject: Re: Dr. Evans - The Apiarian Laureate MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Good morning all and to Joe Waggle. I am trying to search the SUNY library system for this person. Could you give more detail on the full name. I have one hit on Virginia Moran Evans 1909- with a book titled "Bee in the wind" with poems. We may have it in our University at Buffalo library. imprint Francestown, NH Golden Quill Press 1965, 96 pages, Contents:poems **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 08:23:56 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Roni Subject: absconding? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I installed two new packages of bees into new hives with new foundation. Both queens tried to or were forced to leave the hives after being released. In the first hive the workers also left, but came back when the queen was put back into the hive. The second hive I caught the queen and put her back before the workers left. What would cause this to happen? Roni **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 09:18:41 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Aaron Morris Subject: Re: absconding? In-Reply-To: <200805011236.m41CUVZ8020968@listserv.albany.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit > new packages, new hives with new foundation, queens > and workers left. What would cause this to happen? The first thing I wondered is did you paint the interior of the hive, and if so with what? Interior surfaces should be left natural. Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee! **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 08:16:26 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Re: absconding? In-Reply-To: <000801c8ab86$3a4fe120$01fea8c0@YOUR75B8ED0EE6> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello Roni & All, > What would cause this to happen? The problem can happen with caught swarms placed in new homes also. The problem originates (my opinion) from a queen which is able to fly. She has either been held long enough in a cage (since caged from the mating nuc) or simply has not been mated. I hand release certain queens and when properly mated and not caged long the queens quickly start looking for a place to lay eggs. queens like yours will fly from the cage or comb. Fly far and at times package bees will follow. For years I used to rub the inside of new equipment used to hive swarms and packages with leaves from a Peach tree. The practice was taught me by my 90+ year young mentor when I was a young teen. I run a small orchard and the bees almost always will swarm to the Peach tree. An alternate method is to cut a piece of old queen excluder ( or the new plastic excluders which are reasonable) and cover the entrance for a few days. A frame of drawn comb can help. Some beeks stick the whole package in a bucket of water and pour into the hive. Others spray with syrup. Most install at night or late evening. Extremely rare both would leave but bees do not always read the bee books and do what the books say the bees are supposed to do. bob **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 30 Apr 2008 21:05:43 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Absconding/Swarming In-Reply-To: <11035.38002.qm@web86210.mail.ird.yahoo.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Gavin asked: > There have been ideas floating about for some time that microsporidians > such as Nosema may somehow cause the boosting of juvenile hormone in > parasitised insects. > Hi Gavin, Pete Borst recently brought some old research on that subject to my attention. I checked it out with Drs Gro Amdam and Zachary Huang, who have expertise on the subject. Looks like the JH boost hypothesis didn't pan out. However, nosema can certainly mess with protein levels in the haemolymph, and clearly have some effects upon bee behaviour and survival. Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 10:50:53 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Farm Bill fight drags on Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit It angers me to no end that with commodity prices at record levels that our Congress would propose the extension of these kinds of hand outs with no cap on income. meanwhile migratory beekeepers are struggling to stay afloat with historically low honey prices and serious honeybee health issues . the local small farm sector also gets nothing as fuel prices head sky high and the long term viability of shipping food around the globe is in serious doubt. if any farmers deserve a hand out its the migratory beekeepers. I cant think of any segment of Agriculture that's in more serious trouble. but just look around - we live in Bizarro times where hardly any government policies are in step with whats happening on the ground. Its not hard to be cynical and assume that some real hard times are coming for our country as the populace is more concerned about American Idol then farm or energy policies. While honeybee research is at risk of being delayed - I find it hard to support the current farm bill proposal and would like to see it vetoed. Something has to give. Tough choices. What happens to honeybee funding if this is vetoed? do we wait another year? http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120959668744057299.html?mod=googlenews_wsj Leaner Farm Bill Still Rankles White House New Subsidy Cuts May Not Be Enough To Avoid Showdown By GREG HITT May 1, 2008; Page A6 WASHINGTON -- Key members of the House and Senate are pushing a more aggressive plan to cut subsidies to wealthy farmers, but it isn't clear the initiative goes far enough to avoid a showdown with the White House over the farm bill. The proposal, which would limit payments for farmers with incomes of more than $950,000, was swiftly criticized by a top Bush farm-policy adviser. Chuck Connor, deputy secretary of the Department of Agriculture, said Wednesday that the plan is "highly complicated" and would do little to address President Bush's complaints about "multimillionaire farmers" receiving government payments. "This is not reform and does not move Congress closer to a farm bill that the president would sign," Mr. Connor said. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 16:52:37 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Fwd: [BEE-L] poor crop in Argentina? In-Reply-To: <7eb65cc10804302005na0a6dedo434a876fb0d8c700@mail.gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Disposition: inline Hi Ian I operate close to 3000 hives in the south of Chile (-39=BA) with APIZUR S.= A. and around 1200 in the north (-32=BA) with Apicola Coraz=F3n Ltda., well I = am in the process of getting out of the northern company to concentrate my energies in the southern one. The total proyect in the south is for around 4000 colonies in the next 4 years to pollinate the blueberries of www.sanjosefarms.com. I know we are exporting queens to your country. There are basically three paralel efforts. One from Agrovivo, one from Francisco Rey and one from the Chilean Cooperative of Queenbee Breeders (www.queenbee.cl). Apizur S.A. is/was part of this Coop. Ya to the idea but I didn`t know there was "a program". Maybe we should follow this off list. --=20 Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 07:57:48 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Transportation of Queen cells In-Reply-To: <200805011148.m41BmmrZ071024@mail.watchtv.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline I just gently pile them into a portable ice chest with water bottles in bottom, prewarmed in the incubator. Cloth towels inside. Good for a couple of hours at least. As Juanse says, frames of cell bars in a nuc box with bees can be carried for hundreds of miles and for a day or two with no losses. Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 05:36:11 -1000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Howard McGinnis Subject: Georgia House Bees - 10M? In-Reply-To: <436A140A7E69468B9A87B71938885FC9@bobPC> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit This is the second time I've read about "millions of bees" in a house. 10 million bees would seem to be the equivalent of 166 hives, given 60,000 bees in a hive. The most I've ever come across is 4 in one house, one hive in each wall. 10 million bees would generate a bit of noise. I'm thinking that around the 240,000 mark, someone would have noticed? 10 million bees would attract a ton-o-ants. Media hype? **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 12:56:32 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Re: Farm Bill fight drags on MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > While honeybee research is at risk of being delayed - I find > it hard to support the current farm bill proposal and would > like to see it vetoed. Don't make the massive error of throwing out the research and social programs "baby" with the commodity programs "bathwater". So no, you don't want to see it vetoed. There's lots of pressure to reduce the commodity programs, there always is. Your view is well represented, not to worry. > What happens to honeybee funding if this is vetoed? > do we wait another year? Any veto will be overridden. The Farm Bill is simply too important to allow a lame-duck administration to play politics with any aspect of the bill. Trust the process. In general, it works. If nothing else, it works better than any other system of decision-making yet created by man. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 13:13:47 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Roni Subject: Re: absconding? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=response Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The queen was clipped on one side and so she basically just fell to the ground, which is where I found her with a few attending bees. Roni **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 13:15:32 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Roni Subject: Re: absconding? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit No, I did not paint the interior of the hive or any interior surfaces. We used Thompson's Water Seal on the outside of the hive parts three weeks before the bees were hived. Roni **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 17:18:42 -0700 Reply-To: naturebee@yahoo.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "J. Waggle" Subject: Re: Dr. Evans - The Apiarian Laureate In-Reply-To: <001e01c8ab83$a59c0470$faaacd80@itorg.ad.buffalo.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit bdavis@BUFFALO.EDU wrote: Could you give more detail on the > full name. Hello, and thank you for responding to my letter! Full name is: John Evans Commonly referred to in most historical bee literature from the early 19 century as ‘Dr. Evans.’ Evans lived in Shrewsbury, where he practiced as a physician, but later, moved to, and died in Wales. Evans was known at the time, for his beautiful poetic descriptions of honeybee behavior as the ‘apiarian laureate’. In fact, so well known was he, as the ‘Apiarian Laureate’ during the early 19 c, that many times, lines from Evans works that were used in later publications didn’t even use the name Evans, instead, simply would give credits to: -The Apiarian Laureate. Bits and pieces of info: >From the British Bee Journal - Page 306 Bees- 1953 “
The 1838 edition of Bevan's book contains no less than 255 lines from Dr. Evans' poem, The Bees. Parts from the poem appear throughout its 428 pages
” There is some interesting information about the works of Dr. Evan,,, I understand Dr. Evans's poem consisted of four parts, of which only three were ever published. From information at the time (early 19 c), it was known that part four had been prepared for the press, but was still in the keeping of the family. From historical records, unfortunately, we find that the only survivor of nine children was unable to discover the whereabouts of the document. ‘The Queen Insect’ is a work by Dr. Evans, but I’m not sure if it is a sub part of his work ‘the bee’ OR perhaps a totally separate work. In writings by Dr. Evans, Evans offers up great praise of Thomas Wildman's work. So Evans must have completed his work after the publication of the first edition of ‘A treatise on the management of bees’ by 1768, by Thomas Wildman, Or perhaps, knew of Wildman and his work, placing the date prior to 1768, if this was perhaps the case. So perhaps, this narrows down to search to a time period of between 1768, after Wildman’s book (OR perhaps, earlier if Evans knew Wildman, and before 1838 when Bevan quoted 255 lines from Dr. Evans poem, for the date of the work by Evans. Best Wishes, Joe http://pets.groups.yahoo.com/group/HistoricalHoneybeeArticles ____________________________________________________________________________________ Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 18:49:29 -0700 Reply-To: naturebee@yahoo.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "J. Waggle" Subject: Re: Dr. Evans - The Apiarian Laureate In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hello, I know now that Evans poem, ‘the bees’, was published in 3 parts, with the 4th part missing. I have located references indicating the publish dates. Part one may have been published in 1806 Part two in 1808 Part three in 1813 ==== 1806 ===== The Eclectic review. vol. 1-New [8th] - Page 69 (1807) Art. XI. The Bees ; a Poem, in Four Books ; with Notes, Moral, Political, and Philosophical. By John Evans, (Shrewsbury), M.D. F.R. M.S. Edin. Book J. 4to. pp. 90. Price 7s. Longman and Co. 1806. ===== 1808 & 1813 ===== Poetry of the Romantic Period - Page 287 (1900) John Evans. The Bees 
, Book I. (books II and III published in 1808 and 1813 respectively: pp. 79 in all.) A didactic extension of Virgil’s Georgics with digressive reflections throughout. Very Best Regards, Joe Waggle http://pets.groups.yahoo.com/group/HistoricalHoneybeeArticles ____________________________________________________________________________________ Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 19:53:29 -0700 Reply-To: k.kellison@earthlink.net Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Kathy Kellison Subject: farm bill drags on MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Brain you are so right! Throughout this last year bees have gotten a lot of positive attention, but what has not been reflected adequately is how essential beekeepers are and that beekeepers shoulder all the financial consequences when things go south. It also fries me that enough is not said about the factors working against beekeepers, many of which are contributed by some of the industry's customers who might instead be asking the folks in the industry, "What can we do?" Reforms on payment limitations will continue to be generous to major crop producers. IMHO, getting meaningful help and recognition for the industry is going to take a lot of work, including a MORE VOCAL and unified bee industry and convincing ag organizations that supporting beekeepers' issues will help them get reliable, predictable, and affordable pollination services. If the Farm Bill ends up vetoed, the pollinator provisions in the conservation and research titles will be gone until whatever extension approved is up and they can be resubmitted assuming either the same or other senators and representatives will carry them. The research and conservation will be exercised in existing programs which are feeble considering the far sighted implications of possible continued honey bee health declines. But we can plug away with the current authorities though annual appropriations. If the Farm Bill passes authorizing funding is not appropriating funding, so still that hoop remains. Kathy **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 1 May 2008 22:22:12 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Nosema ceranae In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello All, The May issue of Bee Culture came today. Two particular articles caught my attention. The monthly column by Steve Sheppard is about N. ceranae. I always read Steve's column with great interest. After doing the research you can feel the concern for beekeeping as Steve writes. Steve does an excellent job as usual and his facts are correct however the article is like "n. ceranae 101". A real fight is going on right now to control N. ceranae around the world. I am as serious as a heart attack. Control is not easy and your bees can look normal and be about to crash. A couple quotes from Staves column: " Paxton (et. al.2007) point out that because the host -shift may have been quite recent , the rate of spread of n. ceranae worldwide was much more rapid than that of varroa destructor" Steve quote from end of column: "as we come to recognize N. ceranae to be a major new pathogen of A. melifera , with the potential to impact beekeeping in ways which could rival or surpass varroa destructor " Also in the issue Clarence Collison takes "A Closer Look" at deformed wing virus. We are seeing DWV in hives with low varroa loads, In his article Collison explains why. I admit everything in both articles I was aware of but all beekeepers need to be aware of the pathogen. The reason I bring to the lists attention. Honey B Healthy, small cell and beekeeping without treatments are not going to control N. ceranae. All U.S. beekeepers need to subscribe to both U.S. bee magazines. bob **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 00:03:19 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Ian_Steppler?= Subject: Re: Fwd: [BEE-L] poor crop in Argentina? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit >>4000 colonies in the next 4 years to pollinate the blueberries of www.sanjosefarms.com. Wow, very interesting. What $$ do you contract your hives for pollination? I have heard blueberry pollination is stressfull on the bee hives, due to the flowers lack in nutrients ect. Some beekeepers claim increases of stress diseases, and colony crashes associated with blueberrie pollination. And hard to get the bees to work the flowers due to the lack of nutrition, pretty much have to force the hives on to the flowers. Are all these comments on blueberry pollination correct? Do you experience this? How do you manage your hives to prevent run down? What kind of a return do you see from blueberry pollination? What other flows do you chase in the south? Thanks **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 07:22:35 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Nosema in every Ontario bee sample MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Researchers have found a parasite in every Ontario bee sample they analyzed in part of an effort to prevent a recurrence of the disaster that wiped out a third of the province's honeybee colonies last winter. The Ontario Beekeepers' Association experts collected about 446 bee samples from 25 keepers and every one contained Nosema apis, a single-celled protozoan that affects the bees' digestive systems. More than half of the samples had a more aggressive strain called Nosema ceranae. But that wasn't the only problem. "The bees were already under stress from a high incidence of varroa mites as well as the environment. Due to a wet fall, the bees were not able to gather enough pollen to use as a protein source for raising young bees in the spring," said Alison Skinner, an association expert. Ernesto Guzman, a University of Guelph environmental biology professor, said recently that the varroa mite and Nosema ceranae may have caused last winter's high mortality. "It may be one of the main factors in Ontario's colony loss," Guzman said in a release in October, "but because it's so new, the prevalence of this parasite in the province and how it affects colony mortality have never been studied." Nosema ceranae was discovered in Ontario in May 2007, but has been blamed for large colony losses in Europe.The Maritimes have also seen an unusually high number of bee deaths recently and an entomologist said in May that Nosema ceranae might have contributed. At the time, Agriculture Canada's leading bee scientist, Steve Pernal, said he thought unusual weather conditions were more likely to blame. Almost 27,000 of the 76,000 hives in Ontario were killed last year, and many of the remaining colonies were badly weakened. -- Peter L Borst Danby, NY USA 42.35, -76.50 http://picasaweb.google.com/peterlborst **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 04:55:28 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Bee Venom Expert Describes Collection Process MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Bee Venom Expert Describes Collection Process Obtaining Pure Bee Venom for the Production of Injectable Apitoxin of High Quality: Specific Methods and Equipment http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/bee-venom-expert-describes-collection.html The Argentinian Association of Apitherapy worked very hard along with producers and apitherapists all through the year 2007 in order to inform about the importance of the quality in the products extracted from beehives...The main topic in this work is the production of dry bee venom for the making of medicines... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 08:03:19 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?UTF-8?Q?Peter_Borst?= Subject: Re: Nosema ceranae Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit FYI: Really good presentation on nosema http://tinyurl.com/4k5658 http://www.dipucordoba.es/medioambiente/pdf/XJornadasApiPonencia01.pdf pb **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 11:37:19 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dave Thompson Subject: Re: Nosema in every Ontario bee sample Comments: To: Peter Borst Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Peter: Somethings wrong here OBA did (most) my nosema tests 11 on jun24/07 1 on jan21/08 They found zero nosema, all tests At least thats what they said then dave **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 09:03:46 -0700 Reply-To: k.kellison@earthlink.net Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Kathy Kellison Subject: Farm Bill Update MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Last night House and Senate voted to extend Farm Bill two more weeks For complete write up of last night's results Google: Environment and Energy Daily,,, click on first story Word is still saying that new Farm Bill will be passed,, the research and conservation titles closed last night.. as far as I know with no changes to pollinator provisions **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 11:26:32 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Re: Nosema in every Ontario bee sample In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello Dave & All, Dave said: They found zero nosema, all tests > At least thats what they said then Testing for nosema is not hard. Looks like small rice. Testing to tell nosema ceranae from nosema apis is the hard part. Telling nosema levels is a bit harder. Zero nosema of any kind is a bit hard to understand as some spores are usually found in most hives which have been established for awhile. Have you ever used fumidil before? Even so many of the Ontario beeks which had their hives crash treated with fumidil at the recommended dose.( personal conversation) Fumidil does not in my opinion eliminate nosema but only knock it back. Again it is hard for me to believe zero spores were seen. It seems more logical that what they said was levels low enough that treatment was not necessary was found in your samples Dave. Randy has done an excellent job of explaining counting spore levels but determine nosema ceranae takes a bit more work. Spain has said in their opinion that if you have got nosema ceranae in your operation at any level you need to try and control. if not the nosema will spread through your hives. Not noticeable until the last (and hardest to control) stages. I have got two yards of nosema ceranae I am trying to turn around on advice of Randy. I was going to depopulate and treat with acetic acid but decided after emails with Randy O. to attempt to save. The yards are 4-5 miles from other yards and I am not making splits from the few strong hives nor reusing deadout equipment. I should see results in a few weeks. I equalized brood throughout the yards to give all hives high levels of nosema ceranae. My USDA-ARS friends ( names withheld) say all migratory operations should consider nosema ceranae in their operations if hives have been in contact with other migratory beekeepers. Especially outfits which have been in California. Tip: If you know you have got nosema ceranae and you see a slide full of rice looking nosema then you have got a problem similar to a 24 hour sticky board full of varroa. bob **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 14:53:42 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Developing A Nose For Nosema MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I'm gonna go out on a limb here. Gotta do it, as out on limbs is where the ripe fruit hangs. What we have been calling "Nosema ceranae" may or may not be actual Nosema ceranae. What we have been calling "Nosema apis" may not be Nosema apis, either. One or both of what we are seeing may be a variant of "Nosema bombi" that jumped hosts from Bumblebee to Honey bee. Why do I speculate so "wildly"? There's a number of reasons: 1) We know exactly how Nosema bombi got to our shores - it came here on bumblebees imported for greenhouse pollination. This exotic invasive pathogen has driven at least two species of US native bumblebees to extinction. See: http://entomology.ucdavis.edu/news/robbinthorp.html 2) No one seems to have a good story as to how Nosema ceranae got to our shores, got established, and spread. 3) Light microscopy (normal microscope) methods for discrimination between Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae been mistaken for many years by multiple highly competent people, and yet no one has yet compared all three types of Nosema (apis, ceranae, bombi) under the same microscope on the same afternoon. 4) Even the assumed-to-be more accurate molecular methods of differing between Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae (based upon RNA - the "16S ribosomal subunit sequence") may or may not be able to differ between Nosema apis and ceranea AND bombi. A conclusion is being made upon only a few hundred bases out of hundreds of millions of bases in the complete sequence. While these bases were chosen to differ between Nosema apis and what we are calling "Nosema ceranae", there is no assurance that either type of Nosema is being uniquely identified using this method. "Screening" is never the same as making a firm identification. 5) Eric Mussen of UC Davis confirms that Nosema apis and Nosema bombi are "very close genetically", while Nosema ceranae is much more closely related to other types of Nosema, such as Nosema vespula. 6) No one involved in the CCD work has gotten into the taxonomy issues, so there is no consensus on HOW to differ between any of the pathogens at hand, hence the confusion. The confusion is the same, regardless of the pathogens at issue, be they Nosema, viruses, or fungii. What is needed in all cases is some full sequencing, anything less just won't do. 7) We've had Nosema apis for years and years, but not at "epidemic" levels. Since we've started to see the new nosema, the one we are called "ceranae", we've also seen a much more widespread prevalence of BOTH types of Nosema, and so has Canada. How the heck did THAT happen? Why does everyone suddenly have so much Nosema of both types, when in years past, Nosema apis was one of the ignored problems of beekeeping, and not as universally widespread. Just to recap, this is not the first time that the data at hand did not match the conventional thinking about CCD, yet the data did not change the thinking as quickly as one might hope it would. A year ago, I speculated that Colony Collapse Disorder "just had to be" "a pathogen problem" rather than a pesticide problem or a management issue. Why? 'Cause the problem clearly spread like a pathogen. Any pesticide problem would have left some bees with "only the shakes" because they would only get a "whiff" of the poison, rather than a dose that would do lasting harm. Any management issue would have revealed itself in beekeeper surveys. Last summer and fall, I stated that the actual best "marker" for CCD was both kinds of Nosema (apis and ceranae) in the same hives at the same time, rather than Ian Lipkin's pet virus. The consensus and focus of attention has moved from pesticides, to "fungal infections", to Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus, to (at last) the suitably more complex mix of both kinds of Nosema, Deformed Wing Virus, and (after what I am sure was lots of arm-twisting to save face) IAPV, even though IAPV isn't correlating to CCD cases well at all. Here's the AIA statement on the newest consensus: http://home.ezezine.com/1636/1636-2008.04.25.11.04.archive.html We are left wondering why such a wide range of different levels of virulence has been reported for "Nosema ceranae", everything from "kills hives dead in 3 days" from Europe to "no worse than Nosema apis, but not as seasonal"? The easy answer is that we are not talking about a single pathogen, or even minor variants of the same pathogen. The easy and obvious answer is that we are talking about different pathogens, but we haven't bothered to figure out which one is what one or what one is who. So, I'm betting on a taxonomical surprise in the Nosema area. This matters because we have to "know our enemy" to be able to defeat it. I could be completely wrong in the above. Recall that people laughed at Columbus, they laughed at Fulton, and they laughed at the Wright Brothers. But they also laughed at Bozo the Clown. :) **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 17:28:38 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema Comments: To: bee-quick@BEE-QUICK.COM In-Reply-To: <000d01c8ac85$d7e53610$0201000a@j> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > I'm gonna go out on a limb here. I will slide over and you can sit next to me on the limb Jim! while Nosema ceranae is > much more closely related to other types of Nosema, such as > Nosema vespula. The researchers I have spoken with have always came back to what we call nosema ceranae being a variant of nosema vespula and was contracted from wasps. Today is the first I have heard of a possible nosema bombi variant . Interesting! > > 7) We've had Nosema apis for years and years, but not at "epidemic" > levels. As a beekeeping problem troubleshooter I have advised on plenty of epidemic nosema apis cases but in all cases the nosema was controlled by per label application of fumidil. Too put it simply the control of nosema ceranae by per label application of fumidil once symptoms are showing has been a waste of time and money. The hardest to solve*nosema ceranae* cases involve beekeepers like Dave ( if Dave's problems are related to nosema ceranae)which have NEVER fed fumidil and most likely his comb is full of spores. Those which have been using fumidil see problems in some hives but not large scale crashing in most cases. Nosema apis was called the silent killer for years because your hives would look basically normal but many field bees would die a couple weeks early. However in epidemic cases hives and whole yards would crash. Richard Taylor for years in his column said that he felt testing and treating for nosema apis was a waste of time and money. When his hives all crashed and the bee lab reported nosema apis as the cause and Richard reported honestly what had happened I became a bigger fan of Richards. Nosema ceranae is easy to go undetected until the last stages. My opinion and not all researchers are in agreement (at least not at this time!) The first warning sign in my opinion is the bees not wanting to take syrup. The second sign is the bees seem uninterested in foraging. My hypothesis is the older bees are crashing and the younger bees are not converting to foragers fast enough. In the cases I have seen there is room in the hive for nectar but there is also stored honey. Bees by nature hoard honey. If your bees are in an orchard in bloom and seem uninterested I would today suspect nosema ceranae. > problem > would have left some bees with "only the shakes" because they would only > get > a "whiff" of the poison, rather than a dose that would do lasting harm. Many of us believe the neonicotinoids are causing beekeepers doing pollination problems. Not from LD50 doses but sub lethal doses. Hopefully the new research being done at Penn State will shed some light on the issue. Possibly the dose is to sub lethal to cause the "shakes" The way to look at the neonicotinoids in my opinion is simple. The chemical companies wish to talk LD50 and commercial migratory beeks want to talk sub lethal. Both the chemical companies and the beeks have no real data on sub lethal. The commercial migratory beekeeper position is the need for some label changes concerning the use of neonicotinoids on certain crops bees pollinate. We realize we have not got the clout to get neonicotinoids pulled from the market. Right not the most problem areas are cantaloupes, apples and citrus. bob **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 22:12:52 -0300 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hi Ian > What $$ do you contract your hives for pollination? US$65+VAT > I have heard blueberry pollination is stressfull on the bee hives, due to > the flowers lack in nutrients ect... > Are all these comments on blueberry pollination correct? They are probably rigth. Blueberry polen have 13% protein content. Colonies do not gain weigth, I need to feed them upto when the plants are close to 20 - 25% bloom and bees prefer any other plant as soon as they bloom. Usually the pollination window is close to 15 days, cause most years Eucaliptus globulus (plantations) start blooming and on some year I have canola plantation as neighbour and my bees prefer to go to those flowers. I have analyzed the polen content of the first honey harvest after blueberry pollination. One can find only traces of blueberry pollen (less than 1%) but over 60% of the pollen come from Eucaliptus. Blueberry in my latitude (-39ș) is an early bloom. therefore we use 6 beehive per hectare plus 3 bombus colonies. They are a perfect couple for pollinating bluberries in the south of Chile. > Do you experience this? How do you manage your hives to prevent run down? > What kind of a return do you see from blueberry pollination? Only the pollination fee. > What other flows do you chase in the south? After blueberry I move my hive some 200km south to the mountains with Valdivian Temperate Rain Forest http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdivian_temperate_rain_forests There I usually have three honey flows: Tineo (Weinmannia trichosperma), Tiaca (Cladcluvia paniculata) and Ulmo (Eucryptia cordifolia). Each year one of the flows fails (less than 15 kg/hive) while the other two are really good. This year for example I harvest an average of 80 kg per hive, Tineo : 15 kg, Tiaca 45 kg and Ulmo 20 kg. I only drove 450 hives, cause the rest was use for split and grow. PS:An other volcano is erupting in the far south of Chile / Chaiten the scene in the news are amazing. -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 21:18:25 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Fascinating hypothesis. What do we know about Nosema Bombi and its affects on honeybees? and how does Nosema Bombi express itself in Bumble Bees? **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 12:23:47 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "waldig@netzero.net" Subject: Re: farm bill drags on Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I also hope the farm bill gets vetoed down. There should be a separate, stand-alone bill for honey bee research if Congress folks are serious in their concern for honey bees. The farm and ethanol subsidies are wasteful and unnecessary. I'd rather have lower taxes and and pay more for food at the supermarket. What happened to the free market in this sector? Who and when is going to pay off the national debt of $9.3 trillion? Artificially cheap US food and NAFTA, has put about 2 million Mexican farmers out of business. You don't have to be a genius to know these guys are going to illegally cross the border to find illegal work in the US to support their families. I thought we were supposed to be anti illegal immigration. If any tax incentives should be considered, it should be for solar and wind power although I think even these will be unnecessary. Rising fuel prices and the more efficient solar panels will make solar a competitive, clean alternative. We should also focus on fuel conservation and get off the SUV junkie threadmill. It does not require 10,000 of metal and plastic to get a 180-lb individual from A to B... Waldemar **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 2 May 2008 21:30:22 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: <000d01c8ac85$d7e53610$0201000a@j> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Good points, Jim! Have entertained several of them myself. The taxonomic confusion for N ceranae was obvious at the American Bee Research Conference. I can't find my notes at the moment, but we were presented with two different taxonomic trees by two different researchers. Re: side by side light microscopy comparisons, I've been searching for N apis samples to view. Although the samples that I've had tested all come out as ceranae by PCR, the spore morphology is extremely variable under the scope. Some skinny, some wide, some larger, some smaller, some not always oval. Varies within samples, and especially from colony to colony. I'm certainly not sure that I'm always looking at the same species. As I've mentioned earlier, the colony-to-colony difference in reaction to nosema infection is striking! Since all my test colonies are in the same yard, nutritional effects are not likely. Plus they likely have all been exposed to the same nosema(s), by drift and robbing of deadouts. I would expect differences in resistance in colonies on a genetic basis. But my test yard was stocked solely with colonies that had high nosema counts last fall, so I would consider them all to be susceptible to the parasite. So the question is, why do some colonies appear to be thriving with high counts (this has also been reported to me by others), while other colonies collapse. I strongly suspect one or more pathogens in concert with nosema (whatever its taxonomy) at work. Randy Oliver Two more swarms from recovering nosema-infected colonies the last two days. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 04:01:50 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Honey Sweet Death to Microbes MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Honey Sweet Death to Microbes Skin & Aging, Volume 16 - Issue 4 - April 2008 http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/honey-sweet-death-to-microbes.html A spoonful of sugar may be the medicine. English researchers have confirmed that medicinal honey has significant antibacterial prowess against several strains of virulent pathogens, including those resistant to multiple antibiotics... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 12:10:23 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "deknow@netzero.net" Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit -- randy oliver wrote: So the question is, why do some colonies appear to be thriving with high counts (this has also been reported to me by others), while other colonies collapse. >>>hi randy, you said that the test yard is comprised of colonies that already had nosema? how geneticly related are these colonies likely to be (ie, did they all come from one yard that all had queens from one mother or queenbreeder....did they come together from individual yards that are not closely related)? if they came from separate yards, can you tell if there is a trend as to where they are from and how they are doing? i'm sure you've thought of these factors...but they are what come to my mind when i read the above. deknow **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 08:22:55 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: <3dcef4a10805022130n154724bemd879d4f417f20b73@mail.gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=WINDOWS-1252 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit The putative start and termination points were determined by comparison to the N. apis LSUrRNA sequence. The LSUr- RNA sequence shares 89% and 75% identity, respectively, with that of N. apis (GenBank accession No. U97150) and the type species of Nosema bombycis (GenBank accession No. AY259631). The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree obtained from the complete LSUrRNA sequences shows that N. apis, this isolate and Microsporidium 57864 (GenBank accession number U90885) form a clade wherein this isolate is more closely related to the species Microsporidium 57864 than to N. apis. In addition, the Nosema type species, N. bombycis, and N. spodopterae are located in another clade. [A different branch on the phylogenic tree] A Nosema ceranae isolate from the honeybee Apis mellifera Apidologie 38 (2007) 30–37 30 c_ INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2007 DOI: 10.1051/apido:2006054 **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 08:32:01 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Jim, I am sorry but I see you are correctly referring to N. bombi and I have referred to N. bombycis, which is a parasite of the silkworm. Oh well, it was awfully late when I looked that up, who's perfect anyway? -- Pete **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 09:52:25 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Bob said: > Many of us believe the neonicotinoids are causing beekeepers doing > pollination problems. Not from LD50 doses but sub lethal doses. > ... Possibly the dose is to sub lethal to cause the "shakes" I don't see this as having any impact on the Nosema/CCD issue. Yes, there's what seems to be confusion, but no one has found any pesticide connection to the CCD problem at all. But since you mention it, there's a "problem", but everyone's hives get too low an exposure to result in any detectable symptoms? How's that gonna happen, exactly? :) The usual case with any pesticide exposure is that one sees a range of symptoms, indicative of a variation in the exposure of different sets of bees. I have to question any claim that is not backed up with the classical spectrum of symptoms, ranging from "nothing" to, in many cases, dead bees. Lots of folks have seen Imidacloprid pesticide kills before, so the classical symptoms are not the basis for much confusion. > The way to look at the neonicotinoids in my opinion is simple. If CCD teaches us anything at all, it should teach us once and for all that "x is simple" is an inherently incorrect statement. If something was both simple and correct, eleventy-seven guys would all share that opinion, and all would have similar tangible proof to back them up. It is much safer to assume that if one views a bee-related issue as "simple", one has yet to grasp the basic facts of the issue. > The chemical companies wish to talk LD50 The EPA came up with that standard, can't blame the companies for working to comply with the requirements, or even for gaming the system to appear to meet the metrics with funny numbers. They are for-profit companies, beholden only to their share price and the large institutional investors that demand constant double-digit returns. > and commercial migratory beeks want to talk sub lethal. Both the > chemical companies and the beeks have no real data on sub lethal. Why? 'Cause the EPA does not demand data on sublethal impact! News flash - no one designs cars and trucks to be aerodynamic enough to reduce windshield impact bee kills either. To do so would be childishly easy, but without a regulation to require the protection of insects like bees in this regard, no one bothers to even think about the "problem". It first must be defined as a problem worth solving. Industry certainly postures as "green" but anything more than fluff and PR requires regulations. > The commercial migratory beekeeper position is the need for some > label changes concerning the use of neonicotinoids on certain crops > bees pollinate. Be specific here - are the bees subjected to residues of application done prior to their foraging, or is this the same old complaint about the effect of soil applications of neonicotinoids with the usual magical claims that these applications could remain toxic long enough (and in place long enough) to invisibly hurt the bees? I assume you aren't talking about the more simple and traditional scenarios of drift, overspray, and so on. > We realize we have not got the clout to get neonicotinoids > pulled from the market. Sure we gave the clout - we just lack one tiny little item - DATA! :) And we beekeepers have so much clout these days it is silly. I was sent a video of a TV commercial that is running nationwide, paid for by the Haagen-Dazs ice cream company. It asks everyone to help save the honey bee. I can't even wear any of my beekeeping tee-shirts in public any more without getting stopped and asked about "the bees dying". We've had so much press coverage, I'm getting about 100 e-mails a week simply asking for clarification on points in my Bee Culture articles (not that I can claim to have made any significant dent in the ongoing deluge of clueless and inaccurate reporting that seems to be the norm). There's an explosion of sign-ups for new beekeeper courses at local associations. Beekeepers now have more "clout" than ever before in the USA. But clout alone will not create data or facts, nor can we expect to see neonicitinoids "pulled from the market" unless we are willing to back to the pesticides that neonicitinoids replaced, all which were much more toxic to bees. > Right not the most problem areas are cantaloupes, apples and citrus. So what specific grower practices are the problem on these crops, what are the specific symptoms that can indicate impact on bees, and what could be done differently to reduce the impact? Beekeepers DO have clout. If label changes are needed, this is a legitimate area where the clout we have can be used without fear of appearing to be selfish whiners. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 13:55:06 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit >Bob said: >> Right not the most problem areas are cantaloupes, apples and citrus. > I manage 1800 apple trees, been in the business since 1995 and attend regional fruit growing conferences and stay abreast of the industry. I find the likelihood of pollinators encountering neonictinoids during apple bloom when little foliage and no fruit is present to be pretty much zero. While this class of chems is labeled for apple use, the application for it pest wise comes after bloom. Fungicides to combat scab are the most likely chemical a honey bee would encounter during bloom. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 17:06:29 -0300 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Cosman and Whidden Honey Limited Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Juanse is charging $65.00US per hive for blueberry pollination in Chile. In Nova Scotia, Canada we are charging $125.00. Can others share what they are charging for blueberry pollinion in other locales? Tom Cosman **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 19:20:35 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Nosema bombi MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=WINDOWS-1252 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Opinion has varied on the validity of N. bombi as a species separate from N. apis. Some authors have reported experimental cross-infection of bumble bees with N. apis (Fantham & Porter 1913; Showers et al. 1967 ) and honey bees with N. bombi (Kudo 1924), but Uspenskii (1949) and Eijnde & Vette (1993) have provided evidence that bumble bees are not susceptible to infection by N. apis. Weiser (1961) argued that the morphological differences between the two Nosema species were not sufficient to warrant claiming N. bombi as a separate species, and suggested that the two were synonymous. This view was subsequently supported by Showers et al. (1967) and MacFarlane (1974), and was adopted in the most recent list of microsporidian species (Sprague 1977). The epidemiology of N. bombi in bumble bees also differs from that of N. apis in honey bees. In the honey bees, infection of the queen is rare and ultimately results in her death or supersedure (Shimanuki et al. 1973) and the decline of the colony. In bumble bees, the queen is the primary source of N. bombi infection for the next generation, and infection has seemingly little impact on her nest initiation and egg laying (Fisher & Pomeroy 1989b). N. bombi, with its low virulence and generation-to generation transmission, seems well adapted to its bumble bee host, which has an annual life cycle (Alford 1978). Honey bee colonies, however, are continually productive in most climates, and their parasite, N. apis, tends to be endemic and cyclic in its virulence (Bailey 1981). -- Nosema bombi, a microsporidian pathogen of the bumble bee CATHERINE A. McIVOR & LOUISE A. MALONE* New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 1995, Vol. 22: 25-31 * * * Bombus terrestris was first used as a managed commercial pollinator about a decade ago. The industry is now flourishing worldwide. The natural area of distribution of B. terrestris covers all of continental Europe, the south of England, and the south of Scandinavia. The main exporting countries worldwide are the Netherlands, Belgium, and Israel; the main importing countries are Mexico, Japan, China, Korea, Jordan, Spain, and Italy. In Japan, this species has been used for pollination of tomato plants in glasshouses since 1991 (Ono 1998). More than 40 000 colonies of B. terrestris are imported into Japan from Europe each year. The most serious impact is in carrying parasite invaders. As an example, the varroa mite, Varroa jacobsoni, which is a virulent parasite of the European honeybee, Apis mellifera, is native to eastern Asia, where it parasitizes the eastern honeybee, A. cerana. The mites were introduced into the Western Hemisphere from Japan through the transportation of European honeybee colonies. The mite is now responsible for enormous losses of European bee colonies worldwide. Recently, we found an endoparasitic mite, Locustacarus buchneri, in introduced colonies of B. terrestris in Japan. However, we have so little information about this mite that we cannot predict its impact on Japanese native bumblebees. Bumblebee commercialization will cause worldwide migration of parasitic mites KOICHI GOKA, KIMIKO OKABE, MASAHIRO YONEDA and SATOMI NIWA Molecular Ecology (2001) 10, 2095–2099 (c) 2001 Blackwell Science Ltd Blackwell Science, Ltd **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 09:08:20 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: <20080503.081023.557.0@webmail13.dca.untd.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline deknow asked: > > you said that the test yard is comprised of colonies that already had > nosema? how geneticly related are these colonies likely to be Many were likely related, since my yards are often largely composed of grafts from a single queen or two. But I brought in colonies from more than one yard, so hard to tell. That is why I used randomized block design, to avoid colony source effect. I had a real problem with this in a previous varroa trial. I had simply used a coin to determine the treatment vs control colonies. As "luck" would have it, the coin grouped all the colonies brought in from a single yard into the control group. Screwed up the results. So I use randomized block now when I bring test colonies into a yard. It is easier to properly set up an experiment from scratch, then to impose one into an existing yard! For the trial that I'm starting next week, we will start a new yard, all in new equipment, all new frames of foundation to eliminate effects of spores in old combs, all bees mixed into bulk cage to even out existing infection, and all new sister queens. All treatments applied in identical amounts of syrup. There are so dang many potential variables in these trials (multiple pathogens, contaminated combs, genetic variability of colonies, existing pollen and honey in combs, etc), that one must take special care to minimize them, in order to pull statistically significant results out. If one doesn't, any results may mean little. Or just leave you with more questions... Randy Oliver Stumbling, bumbling, but trying **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 04:06:04 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Video: Singer Uses Honey to Protect Voice, Heal Sore Throat MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Video: Singer Uses Honey to Protect Voice, Heal Sore Throat http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/video-singer-uses-honey-to-protect.html Katherine Jenkins appeared recently on the Paul O'Grady show in the UK. In the interview she discussed how she uses Manuka honey to help her voice to recover after singing. She also uses it to help fight sore throats and colds. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 04:06:32 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Bee Venom Component Kills 'Sleeping Sickness' Bug MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Bee Venom Component Kills 'Sleeping Sickness' Bug The Effects of Bee (Apis Mellifera) Venom Phospholipase A2 on Trypanosoma Brucei Brucei and Enterobacteria Experimental Parasitology, Volume 119, Issue 2, June 2008, Pages 246-251 http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/bee-venom-component-kills-sleeping.html The potential role of phospholipases in trypanosomiasis was investigated using bee venom phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2) as a model. The effects of bvPLA2 on the survival of Trypanosoma brucei brucei, 2 h and 12 h cultures of Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii were studied... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 08:10:59 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Nosema bombi MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=WINDOWS-1252 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit As species of microsporidia like N. apis and N. ceranae are often difficult to distinguish morphologically, our first aim was to develop a rapid PCR–RFLP method to distinguish between N. apis, Nosema bombi and N. ceranae, the only three members of the large genus Nosema that have been detected in bees. Our second aim was to use the method to screen microsporidian isolates from A. cerana and A. mellifera from across the world to reveal their past and current distribution. A. mellifera was formerly parasitized by N. apis alone and not N. ceranae and that N. ceranae should consequently be considered an exotic parasite of A. mellifera. Our data support the view that N. bombi, on the other hand, is not a parasite of honey bees. The current incidence of N. ceranae in A. mellifera provides strong support for the view that this microsporidian is an emergent pathogen of the western honey bee, most probably due to a host jump from A. cerana to A. mellifera. The main reason for such a rapid expansion in the range of N. ceranae in A. mellifera is probably the world trade in living honey bees, a reason which also explains the rapid spread of V. destructor around the world (Bailey and Ball, 1991). Microsporidia have also been implicated in the demise of native North American bumble bees (Bombus spp.) through so-called pathogen spill-over from commercially reared bumble bees used in greenhouse pollination; in this instance, one of the pathogens concerned is N. bombi, a microsporidium widespread in European Bombus spp. Trade in honey bee hive products may also play a role in the dispersal of N. ceranae. The increased mobility of people, goods and livestock is thought to account for the geographical and host range expansion of numerous pathogens in human and animal populations or ecosystems. Recent reports of honey bee colony losses in southern and central Europe combined with Higes et al.'s observations of N. ceranae in dying Spanish colonies and Higes et al.'s experimental demonstration of the virulence of N. ceranae for caged A. mellifera give cause for concern. Over the past few years, many beekeepers in Europe have noticed a change in the course of nosema disease in their colonies, especially loss of honey bees the whole year around and quick die off of colonies in the winter time. Nosema apis, on the other hand, generally affects colonies during spring. SEE: "Widespread dispersal of the microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an emergent pathogen of the western honey bee, Apis mellifera" by Julia Klee, et al **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 19:52:38 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: <3dcef4a10805030908s3cc6c797m7e562dcb5f0f7c75@mail.gmail.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Hi All, I've been in discussion with Dr Zachary Huang re juvenile hormone and nosema, and have received permission to cite him. I want to clarify a misunderstanding that I posted last week--this is a simple version. Earlier research indicated that nosema might produce juvenile hormone when it infects bees. Dr Huang's unpublished work to test that hypothesis found that nosema did not produce JH, but that infected bees produced a higher level themselves. The mechanism is unknown. Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 06:59:48 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Mike Stoops Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile In-Reply-To: <002701c8ad59$2cff90e0$da97fea9@oemcomputer> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Cosman and Whidden Honey Limited wrote: Juanse is charging $65.00US per hive for blueberry pollination in Chile. As an item of interest, what would $65 U.S. convert to in Chile's economy? $65 would buy about 18 gallons of gas where I live ($3.60/gal). Just trying to get a handle on comparative pollination prices. Mike in LA (Lower Alabama) --------------------------------- Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 14:00:14 +0000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Gavin Ramsay Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hi Randy You mean that specifically Nosema-infected bees make JH or just that bees infected with any pathogen make JH? The distinction is important, as this (option 1 anyway) might have a role in the absconding and other unusual effects such as that Dee described. Something is disrupting normal behaviour. all the best Gavin **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 15:40:47 +0000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Gavin Ramsay Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hi Mike Can't comment on Chile, but here in the UK diesel is currently $10.82 per gallon (1.20 UK pounds per litre). So that pollination fee of $65 would buy only 6 gallons of diesel, around a third of the quantity you can buy in the US. Other types of fuel, maybe 10% more for your pound/dollar. I have to say though that in the UK our blueberries are usually grown in smaller fields in areas with enough native pollinators and stationary hives to pollinate them! Then again we generally import blueberries from afar, and I haven't a clue what the monetary or environmental cost of all that aviation fuel amounts to. all the best Gavin **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 21:02:46 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile In-Reply-To: <114248.93503.qm@web53403.mail.re2.yahoo.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Mike We do not buy gal we buy litres. With US$65 we buy 53 litres of diesel/petrol. I pay US$460 per month per worker, plus 10% of honey crop divided between them. -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 13:32:22 -0700 Reply-To: edun99@yahoo.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: a e Subject: Beekeeping classes In-Reply-To: <000901c8ad24$ebf096a0$0201000a@j> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hi James, What is the fee for the courses ? The cost of Beekeeping classes at one College in Ontario, Canada is $125. Sincerely, Abbas --- you wrote: 
 “There's an explosion of sign-ups for new beekeeper courses at local associations.” 
 ____________________________________________________________________________________ Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 17:49:31 -0300 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Cosman and Whidden Honey Limited Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > As an item of interest, what would $65 U.S. convert to in Chile's economy? $65 would buy about 18 gallons of gas where I live ($3.60/gal). Just trying to get a handle on comparative pollination prices. Gasoline in Nova Scotia currently $1.29 C$ per liter. Canadian and US dollar are nearly par. Our $125 blueberry pollination fee buys approx 97 liters gas. I don't know the liter to US gallon conversion. Tom **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 09:57:09 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Developing A Nose For Nosema In-Reply-To: <929116.15674.qm@web86205.mail.ird.yahoo.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline > > Gavin asked: > You mean that specifically Nosema-infected bees make JH or just that bees > infected with any pathogen make JH? The distinction is important, as this > (option 1 anyway) might have a role in the absconding and other unusual > effects such as that Dee described. Hi Gavin, don't know about other pathogens. What is interesting is that Dr Huang found that not all colonies responded to nosema the same--some didn't begin earlier foraging. Earlier foraging begets premature aging of a population, with the attendant consequences. Your point about increased JH and restlessness is a good one! We are learning a great deal about nosema of late! Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 18:10:17 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Nosema vespula? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Bob Harrison wrote: >The researchers I have spoken with have always came back to what we call >nosema ceranae being a variant of nosema vespula and was contracted from >wasps. Would you mind telling us who thinks that? * * * > [Researchers] discovered a novel species of the Genus Nosema, Family Nosematidae, Order Microsporida, Class Microsporea, Phylum Protozoa which is pathogenic to susceptible host insects. This new species has been designated Nosema vespula. > Nosema vespula was isolated in a nest of Vespula germanica which was collected at Lysterfield Park in Victoria, Australia. A total of four nests were collected from that area and only one was found to be infected with N. vespula. Strains of Kashmir Bee virus in V. germanica were being studied when it was realised that the larvae and pupae from this particular nest were infected with another pathogen. Larvae and pupae were squashed onto slides and observation under light microscopy showed that these hosts were severely infected with Nosema. The spores were isolated from the wasp. * * * > Phylogenetic analysis of the rRNA gene sequence data placed N. apis as a close relative of the microsporidian Viarimorpha lymenantra and N. vespula. The species of the genus Viarimorpha often parasitise butterfly and moth species, while N. vespula was isolated from the European wasp Vespula germanica. Initially, N. vespula was chosen as a model organism to test the biological activity of thymol. This organism was chosen because it is easily maintained in the laboratory. > Statistical analysis of the data demonstrated that thymol was biologically active against N. vespula. A diet containing 0.15mM thymol was found to prevent N. vespula infections in more than 50% of caterpillars inoculated. Feeding of diet containing thymol prior to infection was not found to be of significant value in preventing infection -- Peter L Borst Danby, NY USA 42.35, -76.50 http://picasaweb.google.com/peterlborst **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 23:14:26 +0100 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Peter Edwards Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Tom wrote: > Gasoline in Nova Scotia currently $1.29 C$ per liter. I hope you appreciate how lucky you are! Diesel here is currently Ł1.20 per litre - and rising fast. Best wishes Peter Edwards beekeepers at stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk www.stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk/ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 23:03:22 +0000 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Gavin Ramsay Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hi Tom and All > Our $125 blueberry pollination fee buys approx 97 > liters gas. I don't know the liter to US gallon > conversion. 3.785 litres in a US gallon and 4.546 litres in an Imperial (UK) gallon, a distinction I ignored before. So, your Canadian gas price allows you 25.625 US gallons for your pollination fee, and about half that if your fee was Chilean. The UK figures I gave before were for Imperial gallons, which are around 1.2 times greater than US gallons. So your fuel is not three times the price of our diesel, but two and a half times, and a little under that (2.3 times) for petrol (gas) which would have been the real comparison. To keep it simple, here are the petrol/gas prices alone in USD terms: Mike's in Alabama: $3.60/US gallon UK price of petrol: $8.29/US gallon Tom's in Canada: $4.81/US gallon all the best Gavin **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 21:22:26 -0500 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Harrison Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello Peter & All, I am a fairly knowledgeable beekeeper on most issues but we are all in a learning process concerning nosema ceranae. My area is in control at the front lines. I am not familiar at this time with many of the technical information Peter has posted. My contacts in research have helped arm me with information to aid in my (Randy and others?) trying to effect control of a growing problem in U.S. beekeeping. When I get the information from the research comunity the information is presented in a way I can understand. I in turn attempt to explain to other beekeepers. I am most interested in what works to control nosema ceranae. Learning what does not work is vary valuable. The information I received last fall ( based on their research knowledge at the time) proved not to control nosema ceranae. Experimental method and dosing has been changed a couple times this spring. When we get it right a few of us will tell what we have learned. Until then we are all in a learning mode. I will say that some of the methods which worked to control nosema ceranae in Spain are not working in areas of the U.S. Hopefully the USDA-ARS will come up with a workable plan for control. > > Would you mind telling us who thinks that? I can say that the researchers doing the nosema seminar at the National meeting said that nosema ceranae was more similar to nosema vespula than nosema apis. Privately I would rather not say but I will take a few statements from the information you provided and I think the list will see why thymol was used to attempt to control nosema ceranae. Thymol was suggested by researchers because thymol was effective in controlling nosema vespula *but* not preventing. Randy is doing testing with thymol but to my knowledge adding thymol to syrup will not prevent nosema ceranae ( same as with nosema vespula). I think Randy is testing thymol to treat nosema ceranae (which has shown to help with nosema vespula ). Any findings yet Randy? N. vespula was chosen as a model organism to test the > biological activity of thymol. This organism was chosen because it is > easily > maintained in the laboratory. > >> Statistical analysis of the data demonstrated that thymol was >> biologically > active against N. vespula. >From this research some U.S. researchers felt thymol might do the same for nosema ceranae. > Feeding of diet containing thymol prior to infection was not found to be > of > significant value in preventing infection I think we can say for sure now thymol fed as a preventative will not work. I think one might say fumidil fed per label does a poor job of preventing infection. Possibly feeding a solution of thymol will prove effective in control of nosema ceranae in the future. Right now it seems fumidil is the only option. Commercial beeks are pressing researchers for another product to use against nosema ceranae. bob **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 4 May 2008 20:04:12 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: randy oliver Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile In-Reply-To: <925839.16589.qm@web86205.mail.ird.yahoo.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline In Calif, blueberry pollination fee depends upon competing bloom. During almond bloom, I've heard that it runs the same as almond prices, although it should run more due to poorer forage quality. Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 08:41:43 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? In-Reply-To: <2C828CAA66E14B62B445C68D26C8271A@bobPC> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Bob H said Possibly feeding a solution of thymol will prove effective in control of nosema ceranae in the future. Right now it seems fumidil is the only option. Commercial beeks are pressing researchers for another product to use against nosema ceranae. I am very curious about Randy's experiments to see if I have been dreaming about bleach in the control of nosemaC. I can not find any spores (none, zero of any kind) on the samples I have taken so far (over a 100). -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 10:35:48 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Re: farm bill drags on MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Waldemar said: > I also hope the farm bill gets vetoed down. There are a whole bunch of Food Stamp recipients who would disagree with you on that point. > There should be a separate, stand-alone bill > for honey bee research if Congress folks are > serious in their concern for honey bees. There is! Or "was", as the bill has gone nowhere. HR 1709 is the House bill and S.1694 is a Senate bill that was claimed to be the "companion" to HR 1709, but was manipulated to add the requirement to fund "native pollinator" research, rather than focusing on the simple problem at hand of CCD and its impact on agriculture. Not surprisingly, a lack of two MATCHING bills made everyone lose interest in the entire issue, as it would have required work to come up with a compromise. http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h110-1709 http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s110-1694 The recent discussion (Apr 20) of the SF Chronicle article addressed this issue: http://listserv.albany.edu:8080/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0804C&L=BEE-L&P=R2306&D =0&I=-3&T=0 But the sordid history of HR 1709 can be best learned by simply typing "HR 1709" into the Bee-L search facility: http://listserv.albany.edu:8080/cgi-bin/wa?S1=bee-l&D=0&T=0 Despite the lousy spring weather (cold, damp, cloudy) I had a surprise swarm out of one of the Bronx Zoo hives on May 1, 2008. My bad, I let the bees get ahead of me. The weather made a tear-down of the sort that would reveal . Temps in the 40s and low 50s. All I could do was look quickly at bottom bars. The good news is that the same lousy rainy weather that made a decent search for queen cells a move that would have chilled the entire broodnest is keeping the swarm in the nuc into which it was dumped. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 3 May 2008 10:53:40 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Roni Subject: Small Hive Beetle MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="Windows-1252"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Opened up our newly installed (4/19/08)package bees and found about five hive beetles scurrying around and larvae in the top feeder sugar syrup. What methods have you all used that you have found to be effective? What do you recommend I do now? Roni GA **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 07:03:51 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? In-Reply-To: <2C828CAA66E14B62B445C68D26C8271A@bobPC> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Bob Harrison wrote: > > When I get the information from the research comunity the information is > presented in a way I can understand. I in turn attempt to explain to other > beekeepers. > Same here. I just want to know where you got the idea that honey bees were infected by nosema vespula. -- Pete **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 04:49:52 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Video Shows Production of 'Red' Propolis in Brazil MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Video Shows Production of 'Red' Propolis in Brazil http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/video-shows-production-of-red-propolis.html Propolis-collecting bees will use resins from a large variety of tree and other plant species, and these naturally will differ in their qualitative and quantitative chemical composition. Nevertheless, different propolis samples do share considerable similarity in their physical and overall general chemical nature... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 07:57:40 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bill Bartlett Subject: Air Pollution Impedes Bees' Ability to Find Flowers MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Article from the Washington Post Whole article can be seen at: = http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/05/04/AR2008050= 401737_pf.html Air Pollution Impedes Bees' Ability to Find Flowers By Juliet Eilperin Washington Post Staff Writer Monday, May 5, 2008; A03 Air pollution interferes with the ability of bees and other insects to = follow the scent of flowers to their source, undermining the essential = process of pollination, a study by three University of Virginia = researchers suggests. Their findings may help unlock part of the mystery surrounding the = current pollination crisis that is affecting a wide variety of crops. = Scientists are seeking to determine why honeybees and bumblebees are = dying off in the United States and in other countries, and the new study = indicates that emissions from power plants and automobiles may play a = part in the insects' demise. Scientists already knew that scent-bearing hydrocarbon molecules = released by flowers can be destroyed when they come into contact with = ozone and other pollutants. Environmental sciences professor Jose D. = Fuentes at the University of Virginia -- working with graduate students = Quinn S. McFrederick and James C. Kathilankal -- used a mathematical = model to determine how flowers' scents travel with the wind and how = quickly they come into contact with pollutants that can destroy them. = They described their results in the March issue of the journal = Atmospheric Environment. In the prevailing conditions before the 1800s, the researchers = calculated that a flower's scent could travel between 3,280 feet and = 4,000 feet, Fuentes said in an interview, but today, that scent might = travel 650 feet to 1,000 feet in highly polluted areas such as the = District of Columbia, Los Angeles or Houston. "That's where we basically have all the problems," Fuentes said, adding = that ozone levels are particularly high during summer. "The impacts of = pollution on pollinator activity are pronounced during the summer = months." **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 07:33:38 -0700 Reply-To: k.kellison@earthlink.net Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Kathy Kellison Subject: Farm Bill drags on MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Stand alone or narrow bills rarely get passed. Would have it in this case given circumstances, I still don't think so because awareness and unity low on issue by necessary powers that be just fyi,,, Somebody maybe should talk to our new Sec. Schafer who reportedly last week said USDA doesn't need more money for honey bee research,, have it under control and making progress. There are efforts to get FY09 appropriations for research by Boxer and Hastings.. but they could always use more support!! **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 18:06:33 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Still thinking on IAPV MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/blogs/bees/colony-collapse-disorder-55050302 -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 15:49:12 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Plaisted Subject: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Does anyone have an oppinion on formic acid treatments for nosema ceranae? = Would the formic acid in MiteAway II be enough to reduce and or elimimate = nosema ceranae? I am currently fumagating all the deadouts from one yard w= ith acetic acid, but am wondering what could be done for the remaining hive= s, other than Fumagilin-B? =20 Jim =20 =20 http://www.northernqueens.com/ _________________________________________________________________ With Windows Live for mobile, your contacts travel with you. http://www.windowslive.com/mobile/overview.html?ocid=3DTXT_TAGLM_WL_Refresh= _mobile_052008= **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 18:49:44 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Mike_Bassett?= Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit could you say where you bought the acetic acid, i can't seem to find where to purchase. thanks mike bassett ny **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 19:56:46 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Have you visited Randy Oliver's website and checked the Nosema articles? One of his articles reviewed the alternatives to Fumidil. http://www.scientificbeekeeping.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=56 **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 15:55:12 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "waldig@netzero.net" Subject: Re: Farm Bill drags on Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit >>Stand alone or narrow bills rarely get passed. This of course is a shame and should not be. >>Would have it in this case given circumstances, I still don't think so because awareness and unity low on issue by necessary powers that be just fyi... Yes, I know. I don't mean to sound bitter but our elected legislators only seem be aware of the draft legislation put forth before them by the 5,000 lobbyists with full-time residence in DC. Where I am coming from, there should be a mass restraining order on all lobbyists to deny them access to the legislators. Maybe then the legislators will be free to smell the flowers [and see if there any honey bees on them!] and actually serve the citizens who elected them. >>Somebody maybe should talk to our new Sec. Schafer who reportedly last week said USDA doesn't need more money for honey bee research, have it under control and making progress. This may be the case of customers vs. suppliers. The agricultural sector is the customer and the beekeepers are the suppliers. The beekeepers may be struggling to supply agriculture with sufficient colonies but as long as they [barely] meet the supply target, the agriculture people think there is no crises. There have been multiple hypotheses, theories, and speculations about the root causes of CCD. We 'know' bees are under more stress than, say, 10 years ago from the registered agricultural practices. The nay-sayers will say that nothing has changed in the last 20 years so there must some other reasons why bees succomb to pathogen they normally deal with w/o collapse. We probably have reached the tipping point when it comes to the bee stressors but can't even formulate how their combined effect is weakening the bees. In my opinion, more research is needed on the basic/cellular biology of honey bees and their immunology. There are too many black holes we to be filled. Waldemar **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 09:58:34 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "waldig@netzero.net" Subject: Re: Blueberry pollination in Chile Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit >>Mike's in Alabama: $3.60/US gallon UK price of petrol: $8.29/US gallon Tom's in Canada: $4.81/US gallon The price of gas/diesel at the pump - whether in Chile, the UK, Canada, or the US - depends largely on different levels of taxation in each country. [Europe taxes gas more heavily to encourage fuel conservation and to subsidise the public transportation system. The US really does not care much about either and the much lower gas tax mainly goes to support highways and bridges.] A little better comparison aid is a worker's wage. If the Chilean worker working for Juanse gets say $500 a month - not a living wage in the US! - with his honey profit-sharing, then $65 a hive is actually pretty good. Waldemar **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 15:13:39 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "waldig@netzero.net" Subject: Re: farm bill drags on Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit >> I also hope the farm bill gets vetoed down. There are a whole bunch of Food Stamp recipients who would disagree with you on that point. To be honest, I don't see how food stamps should be in the farm bill - I don't know of farmers who require food stamps recepients... ;-) This seems to be me to be another of our government's non-sense ways of doing the country's business. Congress needs to stop earmarking, pork bellying, and bundling different programs together in order to push through otherwise indigestable legislation. This non-sense and abuse has got to stop and the good citizens need to demand the change. >>There is! Or "was", as the bill has gone nowhere. HR 1709 is the House bill and S.1694 is a Senate bill... There should be great accountability for such wasteful practices on the part of our elected legislators who spent the taxpayers' money to work on a bill only to have it shelved someplace. Someone should be made to answer for this. >>...rather than focusing on the simple problem at hand of CCD and its impact on agriculture. Our legislators should be taught and certified in the KISS (keep it simple, stupid) rule and be held accountable for adhering to it once certified. >>Not surprisingly, a lack of two MATCHING bills made everyone lose interest in the entire issue, as it would have required work to come up with a compromise. This sort of malpractice is sickening. Isn't working out good compromises a part of the legislators' job descriptions? >>Despite the lousy spring weather (cold, damp, cloudy) I had a surprise swarm out of one of the Bronx Zoo hives on May 1, 2008. What triggered the swarm drive - did they run out of room? I am always in awe when I see the populations exploding within days - early in the week you see lots of frames with brood plus covering bees and by the weekend you need another deep to house the emerged bees. >>My bad, I let the bees get ahead of me. The weather made a tear-down of the sort that would reveal . Temps in the 40s and low 50s. All I could do was look quickly at bottom bars. Low 50's on a sunny, somewhat windless day is ok in my experience for a quick frame-by-frame inspection without chilling the brood. >>The good news is that the same lousy rainy weather that made a decent search for queen cells a move that would have chilled the entire broodnest is keeping the swarm in the nuc into which it was dumped. I welcome delayed, cool springs for the weaker colonies that take longer to build up for the flow. The cooler weather - I had frost on my windshield in the morning twice last week! - buys the weaker hives time by pushing to the right the bloom times. [You do have to reign in your strong colonies though!] And the flows are often more intense as the bloom times of different species overlap much more closely... I usually can get a nice, bumper crop after a prolonged, cool spring. Waldemar **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 20:25:49 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Kim Flottum Subject: Western Reserve Beekeepers to meet MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable The Western Reserve Beekeepers will meet on Saturday, May 24, 2009 at = the A.I. Root Company Conference room in Medina OH, from 9 AM - 3 PM. = Speakers are Joe Latshaw, Queen Breeder from Columbus Ohio speaking on = queen production and selection, Jim Bobb, President, PA State Beekeepers = Ass'n, and Chairman of the Board, EAS speaking on Honey Plants you = should know and beginning beekeeping, and Jennifer Berry, U GA = Researcher, speaking on Small Cell varroa control and honey bee = nutrition. There will be lectures and beeyard demonstrations. Cost is = $20 includes lunch. Contact Jamie or Melanie at Blue Sky Bee Supply = 877.529.9BEE or www.blueskybees.com, or me. =20 Kim Flottum Editor, Bee Culture Magazine 623 West Liberty Street Medina, OH 44256 Kim@BeeCulture.com 800.289.7668 =20 **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 21:31:52 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Plaisted Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable "could you say where you bought the acetic acid, i can't seem to find where= > to purchase. thanks mike bassett ny" =20 Mike=20 =20 This is where I bought mine. You have to open an account with them, and it= 's a bit pricey, but better than burning all the equipment. =20 http://www.mpbio.com/product_info.php?cPath=3D491_1_15&products_id=3D300000= &processTab=3Dsafety =20 Jim =20 =20 http://www.northernqueens.com/ _________________________________________________________________ With Windows Live for mobile, your contacts travel with you. http://www.windowslive.com/mobile/overview.html?ocid=3DTXT_TAGLM_WL_Refresh= _mobile_052008= **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 22:45:29 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Re: Still thinking on IAPV MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I guess we should once again translate into plain English: >> Flagged lines are from the original document Unflagged lines are the translations >> No cause and effect between IAPV and CCD was demonstrated This was a amazingly honest statement. I put it up front so that it would not be missed. If only the rest of the document were as clear. >> What is IAPV's linkage to CCD? >> As published in September 2007 (Cox-Foster et al, Science, 2007) And refuted by the Evans/Chen paper which was buried in American Bee Journal in a futile attempt to avoid seeming to contradict the paper in Science. >> Among pathogens, IAPV is the most consistent indicator of CCD This claim is very out-of-date and turns out to have never been accurate. IAPV is being sometimes found in connection with CCD, but not often enough to explain the results claimed to have been found in the Science paper. About the most charitable thing we can say is that the samples tested were simply not representative of what has been seen since. >> Kasmir Bee Virus (KBV), Nosema apis, and Nosema ceranae are >> also indicators of CCD But sadly, none of them seem to have any predictive value. >> At least two strains, or "families", of IAPV are present in the >> United States (Journal of Virology, in Press) One lineage is >> most prevalent in apiaries from the eastern and northwestern U.S. >> and probably was present before importation of Australian bees >> into the US in 2005. The second strain is more frequent in sampled >> colonies from the western U.S. This strain matches more closely to >> several isolates sequenced to date from Australian package bees. Given the above, why hasn't CCD been a regional problem? The answer is easy - neither "strain" speculated about has anything to do with CCD, so there was no regional aspect to CCD outbreaks. >> The strain of IAPV found in Israel that defined this newly >> described species, is distinct from those in the US and Australia. So, what we may have here in the US may not be actual "IAPV" at all, but instead may be a variant of Kashmir Bee Virus. Tiny little fragments of DNA do not a beastie make. >> Extensive variation in the genetic sequence of the virus suggests >> that the virus is rapidly changing in the U.S. or has been present >> as multiple lineages for some time. ...and that this all implies that what they are calling IAPV may well have diverged from KBV here in the US, and then spread from a USA point of origin to everywhere else it has been found. >> On-going research in Israel and the U.S. supports the assertion >> that IAPV can impact adult bee health and result in rapid >> mortality of infected bees. >> Not all colonies with IAPV are in poor health The two statements above are contradictory, if they are made about the same pathogen. What we found was that IAPV existed in samples taken from apparently healthy hives long before CCD appeared, so I guess any "mortality" would have been found only in Israel. >> Considering all these factors, undue concern over IAPV >> detection is not warranted. Undue concern over IAPV itself is not warranted, either. Regardless of the facts, Ian Lipkin of Columbia seems to wants to give people the impression that he "discover[ed] a virus in bees in hives affected by colony collapse disorder, a potential key contributor to that species' decline." http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2008/05/04/what_are_these_bats _telling_us_about_the_environment_we_live_in/# http://tinyurl.com/47cw5k **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 20:53:17 -0700 Reply-To: deelusbybeekeeper@yahoo.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dee Lusby Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii jim: > Does anyone have an oppinion on formic acid treatments for > nosema ceranae? Reply: Yes, but most wouldn't like it. For I believe in "zero treatments" in a beehive so as not to upset the internal co-host relationships, for in Nature most all creatures great and small, have to be in balance with each other in order to live and survive long term. Have you ever thought of what happens inside a beehive when you break it's internal balance and co-existance between all things living there be it ants, ticks, termites, spiders, besides the ones too small to see even but still needed. To me that is what clean sustainable organic beekeeping is all about. No using all the various dopes/treatments and getting away from using artificial feeds. For in the real world bees eat real pollen and real honey, so beekeepers should learn to leave enough real stores with their bees to keep them healthy, besides putting them back onto a more natural beekeeping system with smaller more natural sized foundation like 4.9mm. and yep! I did say that again. Dee A. Lusby ____________________________________________________________________________________ Be a better friend, newshound, and know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 5 May 2008 22:14:57 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Saor Stetler Subject: Bees Disease - One Step Closer To Finding A Cure MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit BEE STING Bees Disease - One Step Closer To Finding A Cure Honeybees are important pollinators of crops, fruit and wild flowers. Therefore, they are indispensable for a sustainable and profitable agriculture but also for the maintenance of the non-agricultural ecosystem. Honeybees are attacked by numerous pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. by Staff Writers Berlin, Germany (SPX) May 06, 2008 Scientists in Germany have discovered a new mechanism of infection for the most fatal bee disease. American Foulbrood (AFB) is the only infectious disease which can kill entire colonies of bees. Every year, this notifiable disease is causing considerable economic loss to beekeepers all over the world. The only control measure is to destroy the infected hive. The mechanism of infection (pathogenic mechanism) was originally thought to be through the growth of a bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae in the organ cavity of honey bee larvae. The accepted view was that the bacteria germinate preferentially at either end of the gut of honey bee larvae then make holes in the gut wall and enter the larval organ cavity, the presumed primary place of bacterial proliferation. In a paper published in Environmental Microbiology, Professor Elke Genersch and colleagues in Berlin explain that they have discovered that these bacteria cause infection in a completely different way. They colonize the larval midgut, do most of their multiplying in the mid-gut - living from the food ingested by the larvae - until eventually the honey bee larvae gut contains nothing but these disease-causing (pathogenic) bacteria. It isn't until then that the bacteria 'burst' out of the gut into the organ cavity thereby killing the larvae. These findings are a major breakthrough in honeybee pathology. "Now that we fully understand the way in which this disease works, we can start to look at ways of preventing the spread of infection" said Professor Genersch. Honeybees are important pollinators of crops, fruit and wild flowers. Therefore, they are indispensable for a sustainable and profitable agriculture but also for the maintenance of the non-agricultural ecosystem. Honeybees are attacked by numerous pathogens including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. For most, if not all of these diseases, the molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood hampering the development of new ideas about how to prevent and combat honeybee diseases. Professor Genersch added: "Molecular understanding of pathogen-host interactions is vital for the development of effective measures against infectious diseases. Therefore, in the long run, our findings will help to save large numbers of bees all over the world." **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 09:03:25 +0100 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Peter Edwards Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Mike wrote: You have to open an account with them, and it's a bit pricey, but better than burning all the equipment. I think you are paying for highly refined glacial acid. You only need 80% industrial quality, which I would expect to be around $3-4 per litre. Best wishes Peter Edwards beekeepers at stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk www.stratford-upon-avon.freeserve.co.uk/ **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 04:09:14 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Honey Extracts Have 'Potent' Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic Effect MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Honey Extracts Have 'Potent' Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic Effect Identification of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Honey Methanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts and their Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/honey-extracts-have-potent-anti.html This study was designed to identify polyphenolic antioxidant compounds in honey methanol extract (HME) and honey ethyl acetate extract (HEAE) by HPLC and LC-MS. Their anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in animal model were investigated... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 07:17:41 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?UTF-8?Q?Peter_Borst?= Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit On Mon, 5 May 2008 20:53:17 -0700, Dee Lusby wrote: >jim: >> Does anyone have an oppinion on formic acid treatments for >> nosema ceranae? > >Reply: >Yes, but most wouldn't like it. But, most WOULD like it. I have written about this in the American Bee Journal and have gotten a lot of favorable response. In fact, I have written two more articles on "beekeeping without chemicals" due out this summer. However, as I point out time and again, all beekeeping is local. What works for you may not work for me, just because of local conditions such as climate, proximity to other beekeepers, natural vegetation, locally adapted bee stock, and so on. If you do not acknowledge these factors, you are simply turning away from the real problems encountered by other people in other areas. Which is fine, except then to advocate what others should be doing is disingenuous, and sets up a false hope. Mike Allsopp writes: > In both Cape and Savanna bees, the absence of varroacide applications and a "live-and-let-die" approach to the wild and commercial honeybee populations was crucial to the developed of population-wide varroa tolerance, in contrast to the selective breeding and pesticide treadmill practised in most parts of the world in an effort to get rid of the varroa mite. Varroa destructor is concluded not to be a serious threat to honeybees and beekeeping in Africa, and efforts should be made to prevent the use of pesticides and techniques that could hinder the development of natural mite tolerance in Africa. But then, we all don't have African bees now, do we? An email acquaintance wrote to me, upon watching the video of Lusby bees: "Those bees are just like I remember them from my visit with the Lusbys. I don't think you'd need an analysis to see if they're AHB's. One encounter and you'd know by experience." **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 09:29:54 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Dee you should live in the north where this past season my bees were stuck in their hives from late November until recently. you have never probably seen a yard that has all the signs of Nosema dwindling. heavily stained equipment and runt clusters left or the colony wiped out. what is accomplished by not using fumidil? would you burn the equipment then in spring? i suppose you might say breed from the survivors. thats a nice happy thought but I'm surrounded by other beekeepers. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 10:25:13 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Plaisted Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts In-Reply-To: <007c01c8af4f$a99f3680$0200a8c0@office> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable "I think you are paying for highly refined glacial acid. You only need 80% = industrial quality, which I would expect to be around $3-4 per litre. Best = wishes Peter Edwards" =20 It proably is, but getting those who sell for $16 per gallon, won't ship it= . =20 Jim =20 =20 http://www.northernqueens.com/ _________________________________________________________________ With Windows Live for mobile, your contacts travel with you. http://www.windowslive.com/mobile/overview.html?ocid=3DTXT_TAGLM_WL_Refresh= _mobile_052008= **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 10:44:46 EDT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Jerry Bromenshenk Subject: Re: Western Reserve Beekeepers to meet MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Gee, and I thought WESTERN was this side of the Mississippi. Jerry **************Wondering what's for Dinner Tonight? Get new twists on family favorites at AOL Food. (http://food.aol.com/dinner-tonight?NCID=aolfod00030000000001) **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 11:57:48 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?windows-1252?Q?Steve_Noble?= Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Dee, what you are saying makes sense if you ignore the fact that in most cases both the bees and the pathogens are coming from all over the place which makes the kind of equilibrium that you are talking just about impossible to establish for most beekeepers, especially migratory beekeepers. For example, in my case, although I am stationary, I notice a beekeeper that I do not know has moved some hives in at the bottom of the hill from me. Until we get in contact with each other, neither one of us knows what problems we might be introducing to the other’s hives. You keep bees in an area that has extremes of climate ( cold/hot but usually dry ). I live in an area that is temperate in climate but it is not particularly warm and it is known for being quite wet. As Peter Borst has noted, it is unlikely that the bee that thrives in your area will do as well in my area. I know you don’t think you are keeping AHB’s but I do know they are in your area so you must know that you will always be suspect. Be that as it may, it is my understanding that AHB will probably not make it this far north because of the climate barrier. If they do they will have to adapt to the point that they will be a lot different than the AHB that exists in your area. But I will even go so far as to say that on this Island, Whidbey Island, Wa., if it weren’t for beekeepers and a non native blackberry, there would probably be no honeybees at all. There is no agricultural source to speak of within twenty miles of here. Even with the Himalayan blackberries which have pretty much taken over around here, and provide the only source of surplus honey as far as I have been able to tell, I am not sure there would be any feral bees if they weren’t continually being replenished by guys like me. So even though I always keep your goals in mind as an ideal target to shoot for, I feel treatment wise I have to be proactive at least to some degree in order to have bees at all. I use formic acid as needed because it is naturally occuring in honey and it knocks down both varroa and trachael mites and possibly helps with nosema, although I have my doubts about the latter. I treated my hives with formic late last summer and some of them seem to have had a nosema problem this unusually cold and wet spring. Steve Noble **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 18:56:44 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Where did the Chinese honey go? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline http://www.apitrack.com/pdf/cHINA_beeproduct_trade_information_2007.pdf -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 20:04:27 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Brazil send honey to USA MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline http://portal.rpc.com.br/gazetadopovo/economia/conteudo.phtml?tl=1&id=760929&tit=Pais-exporta-US-624-milhoes-em-mel-no-primeiro-trimestre-do-ano -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 21:01:03 +0200 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Juanse Barros Subject: Re: Still thinking on IAPV In-Reply-To: <000001c8af23$403b3f80$0201000a@j> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline So, what we may have here in the US may not be actual "IAPV" at all, but instead may be a variant of Kashmir Bee Virus. Tiny little fragments of DNA do not a beastie make. http://www.picornavirales.org/dicistroviridae/dicistroviridae.htm -- Juanse Barros J. APIZUR S.A. Carrera 695 Gorbea - CHILE +56-45-271693 08-3613310 http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/ juanseapi@gmail.com **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 19:27:13 -0400 Reply-To: bee-quick@bee-quick.com Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: James Fischer Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit >>> The researchers I have spoken with have always came back to >>> what we call Nosema ceranae being a variant of nosema vespula >>> and was contracted from wasps. >> Would you mind telling us who thinks that? > I can say that the researchers doing the nosema seminar at the > National meeting said that nosema ceranae was more similar to > nosema vespula than nosema apis. While that is no answer to Peter's request to name names, it is true that there is a very close genetic similarity between Nosema ceranae and Nosema vespula. It is also true that there may be a very close genetic similarity between Nosema apis and Nosema bombi. But Nosema ceranae has been around for a while on Apis ceranae, so if Nosema ceranae "was contracted from wasps", this happened some number of millions of years ago. Not recently. Just to clarify, my speculation, which seems to have prompted the discussion of comparative Nosema taxonomy, was that we may have MISclassified one or both of the pathogens we are seeing on such suddenly widespread basis in the USA. We are calling them "Nosema apis" and "Nosema ceranae". We may be wrong. The more we find, the more does not match what we expected to find, which is more evidence that we have "something else entirely". > When we get it right a few of us will tell what we have learned. I wish there would be fewer premature announcements of preliminary success followed by further premature announcements of yet something else that might be more of a success accompanied by asides that the first "success" turned out to be a dismal failure. The net result is confusion and contradictory statements made within mere months of each other. I'd like to point out that the process of experimenting with this and that and the other in some sort of alchemist-like iterative trying of every substance in our Remco chemistry sets is not a very efficient way to attack these beasties. We need to "know the enemy" first, and we really aren't sure which one is what one, or what one is who. All we know is that it is some sort of Nosema, but there are lots of different types of Nosema. > Until then we are all in a learning mode. I will say that some > of the methods which worked to control nosema ceranae in Spain > are not working in areas of the U.S. Yet another reason to make one think that perhaps what we are calling "Nosema ceranae" here in the western hemisphere is nothing at all like what they are calling "Nosema ceranae" in Spain. Also, yet another reason to avoid promoting "solutions" that cannot be more than half-baked at best. We need to get away from the "ready... fire... aim..." approach. > I think we can say for sure now thymol fed as a preventative > will not work. I think one might say fumidil fed per label > does a poor job of preventing infection. This seems a fairly obvious observation. :) Yes, I agree that thymol or fumidil have no ability to prevent FUTURE infections, but must be used only AFTER one has detected Nosema, in which case fumidil works, and thymol, maybe not so well, or not at all. I am not sure that fumidil ever worked as a form of "preventative". I think it cured cases of Nosema that had remained undetected, and thereby was perceived as a "preventative" by those who never checked for Nosema. > Possibly feeding a solution of thymol will prove effective > in control of nosema ceranae in the future. Why would anyone think this, given that all we had was claims, and even the claims were retracted soon after? I'd say that thymol is a dead horse, and that there is no reason to engage in further necrophilic equine sadism. > Right now it seems fumidil is the only option. The only verified and approved treatment, yes. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 6 May 2008 22:03:30 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Bob Darrell Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts In-Reply-To: Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v753) Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; delsp=yes; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit On 5-May-08, at 6:49 PM, Mike Bassett wrote: > could you say where you bought the acetic acid, i can't seem to > find where > to purchase. thanks mike bassett ny > > Hi Mike and all Try a camera store that sells developing supplies Bob Darrell Caledon Ontario Canada 44N80W **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 07:33:12 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "Peter L. Borst" Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline * Parasite species with multiple host species are anomalous * Certainly if we have gotten this far into taxonomy, we should point out that before DNA testing, parasites were typically named for their association with their hosts. The first nosema species was discovered by Pasteur in the silkworm (Bombyx mori) and named Nosema bombycis. > At the beginning of the 20th Century, the great German bee scientist Zander first described Nosema apis as the 'microsporidium responsible for Nosema disease'. Subsequently, all reports of microsporidia in honey bees, in both the western hive bee Apis mellifera and the eastern hive bee Apis cerana, were attributed to Nosema apis. > In 1995, Professor Ingemar Fries of the Swedish Agricultural University, Uppsala and an expert on Nosema in bees, visited China where he described a new microsporidium, Nosema ceranae, in indigenous honey bees Apis cerana. The differences between the two microsporidia, Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae, lie in their ultrastructure and genetics. (Robert J Paxton) Parasites seemed to have co-evolved with their hosts so it is fairly uncommon for them to leapfrog onto other species. In many cases, they simply cannot survive or at least they fail to do any harm to their new host. Occasionally, as with varroa, they wreak havoc in their new environment, finding even more suitable to their development than the original host. However, with the new techniques of genetic testing (PCR) the old way of classifying species on the basis of external characteristics and behavior has been challenged. In some cases, the genetic underpinning confirms species distinctions and some cases it casts doubt. It must be remembered that a species is not a hard and fast distinction. In some cases it is obvious like "dog" and "cat" and in others, not so easy like "dog" and "coyote". Even more so with parasites. There are specific dog and cat parasites and ones they share, so it should be no surprise that bees may share parasites with other insects but this is rare. For example: > Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil dwelling bacterium of the genus Bacillus. It also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflies, as well as on the dark surface of plants. B. thuringiensis was discovered 1901 in Japan by Ishiwata and 1911 in Germany by Ernst Berliner, who discovered a disease called Schlaffsucht in flour moth caterpillars. B. thuringiensis was discovered 1901 in Japan by Ishiwata and 1911 in Germany by Ernst Berliner, who discovered a disease called Schlaffsucht in flour moth caterpillars." (Wikipedia) Bt has been used as a treatment against wax moths and has not been shown to infest honey bees, although it was implicated in early speculation about CCD. > Parasite species with multiple host species are *anomalous* as, under a codivergence paradigm, speciation by the hosts should cause speciation of their parasites. We discuss situations such as cryptic parasite species, recent host switching or failure to speciate that may generate multi-host parasites. We suggest methods to identify which of the mechanisms have led to multi-host parasitism. Applying the suggested methods may allow multi-host parasites to be integrated more fully into cophylogenetic studies." (Jonathan C. Banks) > What an interesting investigation would be the comparison of the parasites of the closely allied and representative birds of the two countries." (Darwin) I am not so sure anyone but Darwin and a few others will find the comparison of the parasites all that interesting so I shall rest my keyboard. -- Peter L Borst Danby, NY USA 42.35, -76.50 http://picasaweb.google.com/peterlborst **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 05:03:48 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Survey: 36% of U.S. Commercial Hives Lost Last Year MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Survey: 36% of U.S. Commercial Hives Lost Last Year Survey Shows US honey Bee Deaths Increased Over Last Year By Juliana Barbassa, Associated Press, 5/6/2008 http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/survey-36-of-us-commercial-hives-lost.html SAN FRANCISCO (AP) - A survey of bee health released Tuesday revealed a grim picture, with 36.1 percent of the nation's commercially managed hives lost since last year... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 08:05:47 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?UTF-8?Q?Peter_Borst?= Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Products being tested at Beaverlodge Research Farm for nosema control: - Fumagillin was effective at suppressing a North American strain of N. ceranae in cage bee trials. - Thymol and Albendenazole were not effective against either nosema species in cage bee trials. - A large fall field trial was conducted in 2007 in a non-temperate location in the US. Several experimental treatments were evaluated including various dosages and application techniques of fuamgillin, thymol, albendazole and VitaGold. A late season nectar flow and climate-related effects were found to suppress natural N. ceranae spore levels in all colonies, including the untreated controls, precluding statistical separation of treatment effects. Nevertheless, greatest suppression of nosema spore levels was seen with fumagillin treatments. - Our research is ongoing and will focus on developing effective management and treatment techniques for N. ceranae (including the possibility of spring and fall treatments), sampling for fumagillin residues in honey, and further evaluating experimental compounds for nosema control. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 05:15:27 -0700 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: C Hooper Subject: Honey Consumption Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII Honey Consumption Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors Natural Honey and Cardiovascular Risk Factors; Effects on Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Triacylglycerole, CRP, and Body Weight Compared with Sucrose The Scientific World, 2008, Volume 8, Pages 463-469 http://apitherapy.blogspot.com/2008/05/honey-consumption-reduces.html The present study investigated the effect of natural honey on total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triacylglycerole, C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and body weight in overweight individuals... **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 09:47:01 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Jerry Wallace Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Anyone?bothered to?investigate the possibility of?a?product like Serenade which contains Bacillus Subtillus as a natural control agent?? Bacillus Subtillus suppresses a variety of molds, blights and microorganisms and has been used very effectively?in treatment of diarrhea in humans and animals.?Bacillus subtilis penetrates and destroys the disease spores, but does not harm any beneficial insects or wildlife according to the Serenade product literature.? Honeybees have been used as a carrier to deliver to blueberries.? See following study:? Effectiveness of honey bees in delivering the biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis to blueberry flowers to suppress mummy berry disease. Dedej, S., K.S. Delaplane, and H. Scherm. 2004. Biological Control 31: 422-427? Jerry Wallace **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 06:40:54 -0600 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Barry Digman Subject: Re: Survey: 36% of U.S. Commercial Hives Lost Last Year In-Reply-To: <20080507050348.84d281a5f2f7df0ef38485a84124037d.75a07c7dd5.wbe@email.secureserver.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="iso-8859-1"; reply-type=original Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit First, what is the baseline loss for commercial hives in a "typical" year, if there is anything approaching typical anymore? Second, I must object to the use of the term "pour" in describing the additional amount of money being allocated for research in PA: "On Tuesday, Pennsylvania's Agriculture Secretary Dennis Wolff announced that the state would pour an additional $20,400 into research at Pennsylvania State University looking for the causes of CCD. This raises emergency funds dedicated to investigating the disease to $86,000." With all due respect to PA and those working to help out the beekeeping folks, the word should be "dribble", not "pour". barry **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:52:08 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Brian Fredericksen Subject: Sagra del Miele Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit To our friends in Europe or any where Does anyone have any detailed information about a great honey festival, "Sagra del Miele" which attracts 65,000 people to Sicily in October each year? I have seen it referred to but have not been able to find any information about the event, dates location etc. **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 12:56:28 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: Dick Allen Subject: Dance language mostly ignored Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit This popped up on Google when I was searching for something else. Thought it might be of interest...... or not..... http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/25/science/25obwagg.html Regards, Dick Allen **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 18:01:51 GMT Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: "deknow@netzero.net" Subject: Re: Would Formic Acid Treatments Reduce Nosema Spore Counts Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Disposition: inline Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit -- Peter Borst wrote: "An email acquaintance wrote to me, upon watching the video of Lusby bees:..." funny...i had completely the opposite response from an email acquaintance of mine. when he watched the videos, his response included: "This is not a strong colony." and "The amount of smoke seemed perfectly normal to me." and "just because there are five deeps there, doesn't mean its a strong colony, the hive was way over-supered. Anybody can stack a bunch of boxes on top of a nine frame colony." and "a few shots of good colonies are at my web site."...when in fact, the shots from his website didn't show more than 2 frames of brood, and it was unclear what season they were taken in. i'm curious why your acquaintance and mine saw such different things? any insights? deknow **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 17:03:53 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?UTF-8?Q?Peter_Borst?= Subject: Re: Nosema vespula? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I wrote: >Products being tested at Beaverlodge Research Farm for nosema control: I neglected to mention the source of the info: Summary of Take Home Messages - CHC – AGM January 2008 For Mite Control, Nosema, and an IPM Strategy for Canada. 2008 Symposium Theme: Colony Health http://www.honeycouncil.ca/users/folder.asp?FolderID=6171 pb **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * **************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 7 May 2008 17:30:32 -0400 Reply-To: Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology Sender: BEE-L@listserv.albany.edu From: =?UTF-8?Q?Peter_Borst?= Subject: African bees Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit deknow@netzero.net wrote: >i'm curious why your acquaintance and mine saw such different things? any insights? I believe the key difference is that people who watched the video but who haven't been there agree that they *look like* African Bees. Knowledgeable people who have been there and have seen the bees, on the other hand, say *they are* African Bees. pb **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * ****************************************************