From LISTSERV@UACSC2.ALBANY.EDU Mon Oct 3 16:32:04 1994 Date: Mon, 3 Oct 1994 18:11:22 -0400 From: BITNET list server at ALBNYVM1 To: Allen Dick Subject: File: "BEE-L LOG9407" ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 1 Jul 1994 08:35:18 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Jerry J Bromenshenk Subject: Re: Places of interest In-Reply-To: from "Jeff Frontz" at Jun 30, 94 01:43:00 pm Jeff: Western Bee in Polson, MT makes all of the Dadant woodenware. The factory runs 24 hrs a day, most every day of the year. Dick is usually more than willing to take visitors on a tour. You are also welcome to visit our tracheal/varroa mite/microbial insecticide research projects at the University of Montana in Missoula, MT. Cheers Jerry J. Bromenshenk The University of Montana 406-243-5648 jjbmail@selway.umt.edu ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 2 Jul 1994 14:10:00 +1200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ Subject: NZ Bkprs Conference... The National Beekeepers Association of New Zealand will be holding its Annual Conference in Tauranga on 18-22 July, just a few weeks away. I would like to be able to display messages from beekeepers that I have received via the Internet on a display board for the conference attendees to read. If you would like to help, send me a personal email message (so as not to clog up the BeeList with these!) and I'll make sure it gets displayed. You might want to describe your own interests in beekeeping, your local area and its floral sources or the type/nature of the bees you keep. You might want to tell the NZ beekeepers why you use a computer and like the Bee List. If any of you remember when I used to distribute our newsletter Buzzwords, you might make comments on its content or quality. If you have visited New Zealand or know any New Zealand beekeepers, you might want to send personal greetings - there's a reasonable chance they'll be at the Conference! I hope this request will generate enough responses to make a nice display with interest, entertainment and education! Please help! ----------------------------------- Messages to: Nick Wallingford address: nickw@waikato.ac.nz ----------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 1 Jul 1994 23:45:32 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Liz Day Subject: beetle Might be an Antherophagous, it looks like the picture in Plath's book... Liz Day lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 3 Jul 1994 18:43:00 +1200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ Subject: Rules of thumb... I'm interested in collecting 'rules of thumb'. That is, the conversion factors that rely on expert knowledge (or mindless repetition), rather than universally accepted values. How many litres/gallons of paint to paint 100 full depth supers? How many board feet/metres of timber to create 100 boxes? How many lb/kg wax from extracting 1 ton/tonne of honey? How many pounds/kilos of nails for 100 supers? Be sure to include all your assumptions: full depth/half depth boxes? How many nails in each corner? etc. ------------------------------------- Nick Wallingford Bay of Plenty Polytechnic (East coast, N Island, New Zealand) Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz ------------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 3 Jul 1994 23:48:59 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: EDILSON@DELPHI.COM Subject: DATA LIST DATABASE LIST ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 07:18:00 +1200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ Subject: Rules of thumb... Private postings following my message about the unwritten 'rules of thumb' that beekeepers use have been implicitly (and explicitly) critical of my posting. I don't think it necessary to have a standard insert with all posted messages that 'I will share my finding's with the list.' I would hope that would go without saying. I do not feel myself to be a 'sucker of information', compelling others to go out and do timeconsuming work on my behalf. When one is starting out in commercial beekeeping, the lack of experience and repetition means a lot of seemingly minor issues become quite major. I am trying to develop some 'rules' that might help out. To have even a close approximation of the number of kilos of nails to buy to nail up several hundred supers would be useful - that's all I was trying to get at. If you're going to be extracting, say, 3 tonnes of honey, how much beeswax might you expect from the cappings - those sort of numbers can be very helpful for a beginning commercial person's budgeting purposes. I have *some* of the numbers, but would like to find other useful measures. I don't expect this List to do 'work' for me. I merely thought some of the people on the list might find the topics raised interesting enough to read or comment on, to the ultimate value of us all. If you're not interested or just want to question my motivation, ignore this posting; I don't need your aggravation. ------------------------------------- Nick Wallingford Bay of Plenty Polytechnic (East coast, N Island, New Zealand) Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz ------------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 7 Jul 1994 21:55:51 -0300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Eunice Wonnacott Subject: Re: Rules of thumb... In-Reply-To: <9407071921.AA14833@bud.peinet.pe.ca> Dick Wallingford: It is too bad you got negative responses to your questions. It would seem to me that if anyone was interested in replying, they would do so. Others need not even take the time for the kind of response they gave you, or any other response! It would seem that one of your local beekeeping associations must have some insights they can share with beginners. This would make interesting material for a beginner's workshop, for instance. Here in PEI, canada, we are free from Varroa and Acarine Mites. Our borders are closed to imports, even from neighboring Provinces. the one exception is New Zealand - Australia. This year we were unable to bring in any bees due to the restrictions in intervening countries, with regard planes with live bees landing, even for refuelling. I think one load got to Vancouver, but as far as I know no others. This puts a real strain on our beekeepers, as overwintering is difficult in this climate. Some of our beekeepers are now trying to improve their queen rearing capabilities in the hope of providing our own supplies in the future. This may be too long, if it is I apologize. Good luck in your beekeeping. It would be interesting to hear something of what it is like in your country. From the Cradle of Confederation On Fri, 8 Jul 1994 NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ wrote: > Private postings following my message about the unwritten 'rules of > thumb' that beekeepers use have been implicitly (and explicitly) > critical of my posting. > > I don't think it necessary to have a standard insert with all posted > messages that 'I will share my finding's with the list.' I would hope > that would go without saying. I do not feel myself to be a 'sucker of > information', compelling others to go out and do timeconsuming work on > my behalf. > > When one is starting out in commercial beekeeping, the lack of > experience and repetition means a lot of seemingly minor issues become > quite major. I am trying to develop some 'rules' that might help out. > > To have even a close approximation of the number of kilos of nails to > buy to nail up several hundred supers would be useful - that's all I was > trying to get at. If you're going to be extracting, say, 3 tonnes of > honey, how much beeswax might you expect from the cappings - those sort > of numbers can be very helpful for a beginning commercial person's > budgeting purposes. I have *some* of the numbers, but would like to > find other useful measures. > > I don't expect this List to do 'work' for me. I merely thought some of > the people on the list might find the topics raised interesting enough > to read or comment on, to the ultimate value of us all. If you're not > interested or just want to question my motivation, ignore this posting; > I don't need your aggravation. > > ------------------------------------- > Nick Wallingford > Bay of Plenty Polytechnic > (East coast, N Island, New Zealand) > Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz > ------------------------------------- > ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 7 Jul 1994 23:47:14 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Liz Day Subject: lightbulb joke - peripheral topic Q: How many systematists * does it take to screw in a lightbulb? A: None. They couldn't get funding for the ladder or the new bulb. * (ecologists, collection managers, pollination biologists, ....) Sorry - the list is slow now... Liz Day lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 7 Jul 1994 21:02:29 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: robbee Subject: Re: Rules of thumb... In-Reply-To: <199407071918.AA01678@mail.crl.com> Anyone not enamored of Nick's posts are free to use the little button that most of us use to delete mail. To write privately to someone in the "bitch" mode is quite juvenile and unwarranted. If you can't deal with it, perhaps you should just watch T.V. where changing channels is a less democratic affair . Rob <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>> ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 07:57:48 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Dave D. Cawley" Subject: Queen Cells Hi Folks, I went out to check on the kids the other day and they were fine as I went thru the top deep in my two high and when I got down to the bottom one they just seemed to bubble out over the sides and ontop of the frames. I couldn't get them off to pull out the frames. After a bit more smoke I could get the first frame out. They didn't seem to be pleased with me... One other thing I found and was confused by was I found the begining of two queen cells on the bottom of a frame and took them off, that's where they normally go right? I also found the beginings of a queen cup in the middle of a frame too...they don't belong there, do they? It's a small colony that I got as a 4 frame nuc a little over a month ago and now they almost have 2 deeps filled out...are they getting ready to swarm or something else? There are eggs and larva in all stages and two weeks ago the queen had 4 new frames of eggs laid in a nice pattern. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Dave D. Cawley | The information on the Internet is only University Of Scranton | interesting to people who are interested Scranton, Pennsylvania | in it. dave@scranton.com | -Scranton Tomorrow Spokeswoman ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu | refusing invitation to Internet Cafe's opening ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 16:10:23 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Michael Haberl Hello everybody, I am a new subscriber. Does anybody know the contents and chemical characteristics of bee droppings? --------------------------------------------------------------------- Michael Haberl Tel: ++49 89 5902-444 Zoologisches Institut der Uni Muenchen Fax: ++49 89 5902-450 Luisenstr. 14 D-80333 Muenchen, Germany E-mail: haberl@zi.biologie.uni-muenchen --------------------------------------------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 07:48:56 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adrian Wenner Subject: Re: Queen Cells >Hi Folks, > > One other thing I found and was confused by was I found the begining >of two queen cells on the bottom of a frame and took them off, that's where >they normally go right? I also found the beginings of a queen cup in the middle >of a frame too...they don't belong there, do they? It's a small colony that >I got as a 4 frame nuc a little over a month ago and now they almost have 2 >deeps filled out...are they getting ready to swarm or something else? Dave, Queen cells built prior to swarming are on the bottom of the combs; those built prior to supercedure are usually somewhere in the brood nest. The rule is not hard and fast, however. Adrian *************************************************************** * Adrian Wenner E-Mail wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu * * Department of Biology Office Phone (805) 893-2838 * * University of California Lab Phone (805) 893-2838 * * Santa Barbara, CA 93106 FAX (805) 893-4724 * *************************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 16:38:30 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Malcolm Roe Subject: Re: Queen Cells In-Reply-To: <9407081448.AA03321@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu> from "Adrian Wenner" at Jul 8, 94 07:48:56 am > > One other thing I found and was confused by was I found the begining > >of two queen cells on the bottom of a frame and took them off, that's where > >they normally go right? I also found the beginings of a queen cup in the middle > >of a frame too...they don't belong there, do they? > > Queen cells built prior to swarming are on the bottom of the combs; > those built prior to supercedure are usually somewhere in the brood nest. > The rule is not hard and fast, however. I think much of this depends on the strain of bees. In my experience of swarm preparations there are perhaps 2/3 of the cells on the bottom of the frames and 1/3 in the middle. (Note, this is working with single brood boxs.) Emergency cells (sudden loss of queen) of course are always on the face of the comb because a worker cell has been promoted. I must admit that when I read Dave's original query I wondered if he was seeing queen _cells_ or just queen _cups_. Colonies, even neuclei, seem to always make queen cups in the summer, even if they have no desire to swarm. Sometimes the queen even lays in them but the workers remove the eggs. I wouldn't say that swarm preparations have really started until an egg has been allowed to hatch. -- Malcolm Roe Phone : +44 442 230000 ext 5104 Crosfield Electronics Ltd Fax : +44 442 232301 Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK E-mail : roe@crosfield.co.uk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 09:57:00 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Carlos Hernan Vergara Bricenio Subject: Re: e-mail of Wicwas Press/Larry Connor In-Reply-To: <9401262154.AA01972@pue.udlap.mx> Does anyone know Larry Connor's e-mail address? I would greatly appreciate this info Carlos Vergara cvergara@udlapvms.pue.udlap.mx ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 09:14:54 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adrian Wenner Subject: Re: e-mail of Wicwas Press/Larry Connor >Does anyone know Larry Connor's e-mail address? > >I would greatly appreciate this info > >Carlos Vergara > >cvergara@udlapvms.pue.udlap.mx Carlos, When I spoke with Larry last fall at the ABR Conference, he indicated that he did not have e-mail. Perhaps someone else knows if that circumstance has changed. Adrian *************************************************************** * Adrian Wenner E-Mail wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu * * Department of Biology Office Phone (805) 893-2838 * * University of California Lab Phone (805) 893-2838 * * Santa Barbara, CA 93106 FAX (805) 893-4724 * *************************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 13:11:53 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Dave D. Cawley" Subject: Re: Queen Cells > From: Malcolm Roe > I think much of this depends on the strain of bees. In my experience > of swarm preparations there are perhaps 2/3 of the cells on the bottom > of the frames and 1/3 in the middle. (Note, this is working with single > brood boxs.) Emergency cells (sudden loss of queen) of course are always > on the face of the comb because a worker cell has been promoted. I've got two deeps so far and I have one medium to put on later for honey, I'm figuring that they'll only fill one since they're a new colony, but I could be wrong...8-} > I must admit that when I read Dave's original query I wondered if he > was seeing queen _cells_ or just queen _cups_. Colonies, even neuclei, > seem to always make queen cups in the summer, even if they have no > desire to swarm. Sometimes the queen even lays in them but the workers > remove the eggs. I wouldn't say that swarm preparations have really > started until an egg has been allowed to hatch. So then I'm sort of ok? They were just cups, but the cup the the middle threw me off. I've never seen one there and I don't remember reading about them there either. But to be on the safe side I'm going to have the guy I got them from come and check them and my hive management out. BTW, I don't know what kind of bees they are, I asked him one time and he said, "They're honey bees" and smiled. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Dave D. Cawley | The information on the Internet is only University Of Scranton | interesting to people who are interested Scranton, Pennsylvania | in it. dave@scranton.com | -Scranton Tomorrow Spokeswoman ddc1@jaguar.uofs.edu | refusing invitation to Internet Cafe's opening ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 16:21:00 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: MONTGOMERYR@SIMSC.BITNET Subject: We need your help--staff directory!! Dear Bee Biology subscriber: As an intern at the Smithsonian Institution, Museum Support Center, Washington, D.C., I am attempting to compile a "comprehensive" list of staff and electronic mail addresses in museums, cultural organizations, and museum-related organizations used to access the various worldwide computer networks. Comprehensive is a relative term, but I will try to include as many people and addresses as possible. The directory will have three segments: listings by name, by organization, and by field of interest. The Museum Computer Network organization (MCN) has expressed interest in publishing the directory for its next annual conference, August 31-September 1, 1994 in Washington, DC, USA. We will try to put this directory online on the Internet. The format has yet to be determined. No plans have been made to regularly update this list. To save it from becoming obsolete, we are working on some ideas. Given your entry, we would be happy to let you know of any other major developments concerning this project. Complete the form at the end of this message and respond by Monday, July 25 to be included in the directory. A timely response is essential. Thank you. The Directory Project is a venture of the Office of Information Management, Smithsonian Museum Support Center. The Staff: David Bridge, David@simsc.si.edu Jason Young, YoungJ@simsc.si.edu Rod Montgomery, MontgomeryR@simsc.si.edu PLEASE DO NOT REPLY TO THIS DISCUSSION LIST WITH THIS DIRECTORY FORM. Edit this message OR compose a new e-mail message (do not change the format, as it will be automatically processed) and send the completed form to directory@simsc.si.edu. This form is being posted on several discussion lists. Please forgive any cross- posting; you need only return one form to be included. NOTE: When choosing keywords for your fields of interest, use these examples as guides for terms describing your own interests: The keywords specified in the three "Field of Interest" will be used to produce an index to the Directory. Please enter one to three Interests; chose your keywords carefully. We suggest that you use major subject areas, such as: Botany, Conservation, Anthropology, History, Art, Collections Management, Administration or Facility Management. OR, if you would like to be more specific, use a major term and a modifier, such as: Botany, Palms; Conservation, Paper; Art, Modern. We may edit these fields for greater consistency. Feel free to copy and share this request with others who would like to be included in the directory. We are looking for "official" museum/organization contacts who would be able to provide an authoritative list of their museum/organization staff for inclusion; if you know of such a person, please let us know by e- mailing montgomeryr@simsc.si.edu. We are willing to discuss with each contact the structure and format of any data submitted in bulk. Thanks in advance for your attention. I look forward to the successful publication of this directory. Rod Montgomery Office of Information Management Museum Support Center, MRC 534 Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC 20560 USA ** Here's an example: From: John Doe To: directory@simsc.si.edu Subj: Museum Directory Entry ^Last Name: Doe ^First Name, etc.: John A., Jr. ^E-mail Address: doej@any.where.edu ^Institution/Organization: The Doe Museum ^Department or Unit: Information Management ^Field of Interest 1: Botany, Australian ^Field of Interest 2: Art, Medieval ^Field of Interest 3: Mammals, Marine Please use upper AND lower case type. -------- ^Last Name: ^First Name, etc.: ^E-mail address: ^Institution/Org.: ^Dept. or Unit: ^Interest 1: ^Interest 2: ^Interest 3: ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 16:59:15 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Rick Hough Subject: BEE-L FAQ (2nd edition) Well, here it is.... the long awaited BEE-L FAQ (second edition)! I have taken the Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) list from the sci.agriculture.beekeeping newsgroup, and added a few BEE-L specific items to the front. Unless I get significant input requesting otherwise, I will update and repost this FAQ roughly once a month. Your help is needed to improve this FAQ! Please submit your comments, and contributions to this FAQ to Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com), or Adam Finkelstein (adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu). Also - would someone on BITNET take a look at the address information I have provided, and let me know if my syntax is incorrect?? I don't have BITNET access, and so am not 100% sure I've got it right. Thanks Sincerely, Rick Hough rshough@tasc.com PS - I won't be answering my e-mail next week - I'll be at EAS Short Course & Conference in Pennasylvania. See you there?? * * * * * * BEE-L FAQ * * * * * * updated July 8, 1994 (no changes in this section as compared to 5/25/94 edition) What is BEE-L? BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log (archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve computer generally runs many lists at any given time. How do I post a message to BEE-L? If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to bee- l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to bee-l@ALBANY.BITNET Any message received at these addresses will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to the BEE-L list. How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L? Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu from BitNet, the address is listserv@ALBANY.BITNET To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must contain the line: SUBSCRIBE BEE-L You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your real name for the placeholder. You do not need quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must contain the line: SIGNOFF BEE-L You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance. If that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L @ for assistance. If that fails, then write POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR@ ( = ALBANY.BITNET if you are on BitNet. = uacsc2.albany.edu if you are on Internet). To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from BEE-L before you move to a new e-mail address, and then resubscribe from your new address. How do I get help using the listserver? Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body of the message. Address the message to listserv@albany.bitnet if you are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you are on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to you. Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail you a list of additional help documents that are available. These additional documents are requested by sending the message INFO (be sure to substitute the desired document name for ) sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ July 6, 1994 This is the second FAQ for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. A FAQ file is dynamic, and changes as information is added and deleted, hopefully to be archived for reference. If you think something is missing, or need something that is not here, then by all means ask, suggest, demand but do not be shy! This file is for all beekeepers. POINTERS TO APICULTURAL INFORMATION ON INTERNET sci.agriculture.beekeeping USENET newsgroup bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu Listserv List Beekeeping Home Page (world wide web) http://alfred1.u.washinton.edu.8080/~jlks/bee.html thanks to Jordan L.K. Schwartz, JLKS@u.washington.edu, for this great beekeeper information tool! Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University http:// www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University http:// www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/ sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu Anonymous ftp sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu Gopher (comments on the above to postmaster@sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu) crl.com Anonymous ftp password /users/ro/robbee/BEE> +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+% % robbee@crl.com box 721 healdsburg ca 95448 % +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+% sunsite.unc.edu Anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/newsletters/apis ftp.ucdavis.edu Anonymous ftp /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping Questions about accessing these sources may be answered locally or by reading news.answers,news.announce.newusers or by writing me, and I'll try to point you in the best direction.(adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) Please don't be afraid to ask! Beekeeping FAQ's (frequently asked questions) Via email. How to use: Email to HINT.103@beenet.com on subject line put the name of FAQ : HONEY ADULTERATION FAQ Last update 5-12-94 name * NEW or UPDATED _________ HINT.IND THIS INDEX * usda-bee.lab Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992) * formic.txt Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992) * propolis Jerry Bronenshenk on PROPOLIS (1994) * 4-H.txt 4-H joins the Internet (1993) * FSHEET11 INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING (ARS 1992) HINT.101 SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION HINT.102 HONEY AND ITS USES HINT.103 HONEY ADULTERATION HINT.104 FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION HINT.105 FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING HINT.106 HONEY HOUSE SANITATION HINT.107 FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS HINT.108 PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY HINT.109 EXHIBITING HONEY HINT.110 SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT HINT.111 SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS HINT.112 EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS HINT.113 USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES HINT.115 GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES HINT.116 CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS HINT.117 HONEY MARKETING SURVEY HINT.118 PRODUCING POLLEN HINT.119 FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS HINT.120 UPWARD VENTILATION HINT.121 WAX MOTH CONTROL HINT.122 BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS HINT.123 EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA HINT.124 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS HINT.125 PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS HINT.126 THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES HINT.127 THE VARROA BEE MITE HINT.128 INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY HINT.129 HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS HINT.130 USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER HINT.131 OBSERVATION BEE HIVES All Hints courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service Thanks to Andy Nachbaur (Andy.Nachbaur@beenet.com) for putting this together. Andy coordinates wildbees bbs, disseminating beekeeping information worldwide. I've heard he has a few colonies of bees too... Honey Hotline NHB Food Technology Program 1 -800-356-5941 P.O. Box 281525 415-340-3568 (FAX) San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA The American Apitherapy Society, Inc. P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785 603-747-2507 (V,F) mead-lovers@eklektix.com mead mailing list Honey Concord Wine: Award -Winning Mead--Made Easy by Elaine C. White Valley Hills Press 1864 Ridgeland Drive Starkville. MS 39759 USA 601-323-7100 The Mead Association P.O. Box 4666 Grand Junction, CO 81502 1-800-693-MEAD outside US 303-442-9111 For a good list of Books on MEAD mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu ask for book list. Printed Beekeeping Reference Source For an extensive list of Australian beekeeping references e:mail roadent@halls1.cc.monash.edu.au (Thanks Adrian) For an extensive list of British beekeeping references e:mail roe@crossfield.co.uk (Thanks Malcom) If anyone would like to "keep" a list of beekeeping references, making it available to other beekeepers on the internet, send us your e:mail address and ideas. This will save space on the FAQ. Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture professor and researcher, is available for questions, comments and queries. e:mail rfell@vt.edu FAQ The following list of FAQ was compiled by Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com) Thank you Rick for a fine job. Now, need your input for the answers. Why did my beehive die? What is the difference between Honey Bees and other stinging insects? How do I recognize a honey bee? Why do Bees Sting? What Should I do if there are bees flying all around me? What is the best treatment for a bee sting? What about allergic reactions? Is it true that all bees/honeybees will more likely attack things that are tall/dark/furry-hairy/smelly (what kind of smells?) ? What is Apitherapy? What is an African Bee, and how do I recognize it? Why are African Bees called "Killer Bees?" Are African Bees really dangerous? Do I have to worry about African Bees? (will African Bees be moving into my neighborhood?) How far north will the "killer Bees" get, and when? Bibliography of children's books on bees. Bibliography of beekeeping texts. Bibliography of biology (habitat, parasites, etc.) Protective gear. Finding Queens. Regulatory and research people and their addresses. AHB Progress and news. What is the National Honey Board? How do I find a local beekeeper? What is a swarm -are they dangerous Are their different races of honeybees? What are they and how do they differ? Supering. Pollen Production. Honey Production. Queen Rearing. Social Order. Lore. Bee Deterrent? Swarm removal? Mail or post your input so we may have some FAQs to FAQ for the next FAQ file. Adam Finkelstein adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu =============================================== |Bees To Please| =========== ============================================================= ========= ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 8 Jul 1994 22:33:10 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Brian Frazier Subject: Hive Source I am a 4-Her in Southern California. I lost my hive two years ago and am looking for a new hive or source of bees. If anyone can help please email me. ********************************** *Brian Frazier * *Orange County 4-Her* ********************************* ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 10 Jul 1994 11:45:00 BST-1 Reply-To: rbunce@cix.compulink.co.uk Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Richard Bunce Subject: subscribe Please add me to this mailing list. ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 10 Jul 1994 11:13:47 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adam Finkelstein Subject: FAQ update RE: Beekeeping Home Page The correct URL is: http://alfred1.u.washington.edu:8080/~jlks/bee.html -- ================================================================================ Adam Finkelstein adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu =============================================== |Bees To Please| =========== ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 10 Jul 1994 21:53:00 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Casey Burns Organization: TSCNET Inc. d(206)692-2388 v(206)613-0708 Subject: Gleanings in Bee Culture Address Bee Culture Magazine AI Root Co. 623 W. Liberty St. Medina OH 44256 (216) 725-6677 $16.50/30.00 1/2yr Credit Card OK Good Luck! ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 11 Jul 1994 16:01:17 CDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Pemiscot County Subject: Apiculture in Egypt I am looking for information about beekeeping in Egypt. I will be going there in a few weeks to work for a month with Egyptian beekeepers. Any contacts or recommendations about the country will be appreciated. Thank you for your consideration ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 00:42:58 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Liz Day Subject: killing jars again What is wrong with just plain ethanol? I tried to on a bee today and it seemed to work reasonably well, even though it was just 70% from the drugstore. (For those not current on this discussion, the original questions was a request for fast-acting chemicals that would kill quickly to prevent Bombus from getting wet and matted inside the jar.) Liz Day lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 09:35:06 +0300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: nokrian rivka Subject: Re: killing jars again In-Reply-To: <199407120445.AA11913@ccsg.tau.ac.il> Hi, We usually use and this way the bees are kept dry and still it's easy enough to work with them. The bees can be kept even for two days in the jar and still be easily nailed. We also put a piece of paper (tissue) in the bottom to hold the bee in place once there. Cheers, Rivka Nokrian, ISRAEL On Tue, 12 Jul 1994, Liz Day wrote: > What is wrong with just plain ethanol? > I tried to on a bee today and it seemed to work reasonably well, > even though it was just 70% from the drugstore. > (For those not current on this discussion, the original questions > was a request for fast-acting chemicals that would kill quickly > to prevent Bombus from getting wet and matted inside the jar.) > Liz Day > > > lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu > ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 06:33:03 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adam Finkelstein Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt In-Reply-To: <199407112104.AA18847@Hopper.itc.Virginia.EDU> from "Pemiscot County" at Jul 11, 94 04:01:17 pm RE: Egyptian Apiculture, There are two researchers I spent time with this past winter in USA who you should try to contact. They are: Dr. Ahmed Elbadaway Moneim Beekeeping Research Section Plant Protection Research Institute Dokki, Cairo Egypt Dr.Mahmoud M. Mazeed Research Proffessor Plant Protection Institiute Ministry of Agriculture Dokki, Giza, A.R.E. Egypt Good Luck, and say hello if you see these guys! Adam -- ================================================================================ Adam Finkelstein adamf@hopper.itc.virginia.edu adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu =============================================== |Bees To Please| =========== ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 08:32:22 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Kenna MacKenzie Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt Try contacting Dr. Roger Morse, Department of Entomology, Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Phone: 607-255-5443 He has visited Egypt a number of times and has contact with the beekeeping industry there. Kenna MacKenzie, Agriculture Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia k_mackenzie@nsrske.agr.ca ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 07:57:42 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Stephen Bambara Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt In-Reply-To: <9407121134.AA00127@wolf.ces.ncsu.edu> from "Kenna MacKenzie" at Jul 12, 94 08:32:22 am > > Try contacting Dr. Roger Morse, Department of Entomology, > Comstock Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 > Phone: 607-255-5443 > > He has visited Egypt a number of times and has contact with the > beekeeping industry there. > > Kenna MacKenzie, Agriculture Canada, Kentville, Nova Scotia > k_mackenzie@nsrske.agr.ca > Oddly enough, we have some Egyptian beekeepers visiting NC at this moment. However, contact Tom Sanford who is lurking on this list. He has been there more recently than Roger and wrote an excellent report on the state of beekeeping there. mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu -- =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= | Stephen Bambara NCSU-Entomology, Box 7626, Raleigh NC 27695-7626 | |=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=| | Voice: (919) 515-3140 | INTERNET: sbambara@ent.ncsu.edu | | FAX: (919) 515-7273 | | =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 14:10:21 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Malcolm Roe Subject: Re: Queen Cells In-Reply-To: <01HEGQN4AWOI000DNJ@JAGUAR.UOFS.EDU> from "Dave D. Cawley" at Jul 8, 94 01:11:53 pm Dave said: > So then I'm sort of ok? They were just cups, but the cup the the > middle threw me off. I've never seen one there and I don't remember reading > about them there either. But to be on the safe side I'm going to have the > guy I got them from come and check them and my hive management out. >From what you say I don't think there's anything to worry about. You may not have read about it but that doesn't matter. The bees don't read the books either! > BTW, I don't know what kind of bees they are, I asked him one time > and he said, "They're honey bees" and smiled. Just like mine! When I said it thought it depended on the strain I didn't mean that, for example, Italians put the cells on the bottom of the frames and some other subspecies does something else. I just intended to imply that there was probably some genetic basis to it. Incidentally, I had a look at a colony over the weekend that had swarmed about one or two weeks earlier. There were the remains of six queen cells. Four were on the bottom of the frames and two were in the middle - exactly the proportions I gave last week. -- Malcolm Roe Phone : +44 442 230000 ext 5104 Crosfield Electronics Ltd Fax : +44 442 232301 Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK E-mail : roe@crosfield.co.uk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 10:17:03 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Peter Kevan Subject: Re: killing jars again I may be a little off-base, but as I understand it someone was looking for a quick way to kill Bombus without getting the bees all wet and soggy in the killing jar. I must routinely capture a variety of insects for my research, and for various reasons a killing jar is not appropriate. I simply place them in a clean, empty glass vial and put the vial on ice. Even the largest bee stops moving and goes to sleep after a minute or two on ice, and then I put them in a freezer to finish them off. They do tend to become brittle after this treatment, so if the aim is to pin you may not want to use this method. - Sue McLernon (using my supervisor's address temporarily) ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 10:06:44 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: William G Lord Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt In-Reply-To: <9407112103.AA18063@wolf.ces.ncsu.edu> from "Pemiscot County" at Jul 11, 94 04:01:17 pm TO: Traveller to Egypt FROM: Bill Lord I can give you contacts and some recommendations if you will give me your e-mail address. Dr. Sanford from Florida can help you as well as he spent some time there with VOCA and wrote an excellent report.> > I am looking for information about beekeeping in Egypt. I > will be going there in a few weeks to work for a month with > Egyptian beekeepers. Any contacts or recommendations about > the country will be appreciated. Thank you for your > consideration > -- William G Lord E-Mail : wglord@franklin Internet: wglord@franklin.ces.ncsu.edu Phone : ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 14:33:14 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Peter Kevan Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt Well, I got this message through DR. Kevan, University of Guelph who is in saptical in Germany. I am an Egyptian Entomologist (Apiculture). I have been working with bees for the last 20 years in Egypt, California and Canada. I am sure that you will have a good time in Egypt. When you visit Cairo you can meet Dr. Mazeed or Dr. Ahmed elbadawy Moneium,Head of Beekeeping Research Department , Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza. Office telephone: 703235 Ext. 646. Medhat Nasr Department of Environmental Biology University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada E Mail: mnasr@evbhort.uoguelph.ca ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 12:35:00 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Mark A. Templin" Subject: Re: killing jars again Ethanol has worked perfectly as a 'killing agent' in our neck of the woods. As for preventing the bee from getting wet, simply place the ethanol in the jar absorbed in tissue or cotton, etc. with a wire mesh above (not touching the ethanol material. Trap the bee, close the lid--voila! --Mark. candyman@ccit.arizona.edu USDA-ARS ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 12 Jul 1994 18:12:20 -0300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Eunice Wonnacott Subject: Re: killing jars again In-Reply-To: <9407120444.AA01822@bud.peinet.pe.ca> My first experience with an insect killing jar was a very long time ago. We used an ordinary glass preserving jar. The kind with a rubber ring and snap down clasp. Inside went a lump of KCn (Potassium Cyanide), about the size of a robin's egg. Over this, a piece of blotting paper, cut to the exact diameter of the jar. (Put the paper as close to the bottom as possible, to leave lots of room for specimens. Activate by adding a few drops of cold water, and COVER AT ONCE. Only, ever, open just long enough to insert the specimen, or to remove same. This results in a very quick kill, with a specimen flexible enough for mounting, for quite a few hours. DO NOT BREATHE GAS FROM JAR. This is what was supplied to my brother at age five, I being a year and a half older was sent along to "Be sure he does not get his nose over the jar!!" Needless to say this was a very long time ago. Today's parents would have a different attitude to this story. It is , however, true. An adult scientist could use the material, with modern safeguards as to poisoning, if it is even legal to have the stuff these days. I want to emphasize this is anecdotal, not instructional. PLEASE DO NOT PASS THIS ON TO YOUR CHILDREN. From the Cradle of Confederation On Tue, 12 Jul 1994, Liz Day wrote: > What is wrong with just plain ethanol? > I tried to on a bee today and it seemed to work reasonably well, > even though it was just 70% from the drugstore. > (For those not current on this discussion, the original questions > was a request for fast-acting chemicals that would kill quickly > to prevent Bombus from getting wet and matted inside the jar.) > Liz Day > > > lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu > ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 13 Jul 1994 13:55:18 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Aaron Morris Subject: Two queen hive followup This is a follow up on a thread I started about a month ago regarding operating a two queen colony. As a quick recap: I had a shallow super brood chamber with a laying queen, over which there were three supers containing Ross Round Section Comb Honey frames. I attempted to sandwich between the second and third honey supers another shallow super brood chamber with another laying queen. Both shallow super brood chambers had queen excluders to keep the queens separated. I was trying to establish a two queen colony to maximize bee production and hence to maximize the round section comb production. Successful section comb production requires a very populous hive to crowd the bees into the section equipment, which the bees work reluctantly if there are more open, less confined spaces available to them. At last report I had not examined the hive to see how blissful was the forced marriage between the two queens, and I have not reported since, as I've been on vacation. Upon my next examination I was unable to find the queen in the sandwiched super, although there were plenty of larvae and sealed brood, which I took as a good sign. It was clear however that when I examined again, the queen in the sandwiched super was no longer present. Fortunately, the queen in the original brood chamber was alive and laying. Long live the queen! Although this was the end of the experiment, it was not the end of the experience. I left the second shallow brood chamber between the second and third comb honey supers to let the brood hatch, hoping to augment the colony's population. Problems arose as the new bees emerged. Since there was no queen laying in the brood chamber, the vacated cells were more to the bees liking for honey production than were the round section supers. By the time most of the bees had hatched out, honey production had moved out of the section equipment and almost exclusively into the now queenless brood super. To deal with this I removed the top section comb super (it had never even been occupied, so it went back to the storage shed). I removed the queenless brood super which was about a third to a half full of honey in only a week!. I shook the bees off each frame onto the ground in front of the hive and gave the queenless, beeless super to another colony to finish filling. It's now almost two weeks since the last manipulations and the colony has fully occupied both of the remaining section comb supers and in fact, if the flow keeps up as it has been going I may need to put the third section comb super back on the hive this weekend. Had it not been for the honey produced in the vacated brood super I thing the bees would already have been well into all three section comb supers. While I was doing all this experimenting, I ordered and read Killion's "Honey in the Comb". It's a great reference for section comb honey production and next year I'll try doing it by the book. As far as a two queen colony goes, it didn't work for me. I may experiment with the idea again some time in the future, but the experiment is over for this year. I hope this has been interesting to the readers of this forum. Aaron Morris - "I think, therefore I bee!" ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 08:32:44 MDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: havasu nwr Subject: Discussion of Bee Biology Please send us information on domestic beekeeping. Thank You ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 14:27:11 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology Comments: E: RFC822 "local part" (username) containing a blank was encountered. These usernames are not presently supported. From: Undetermined origin c/o Postmaster Subject: Apistan shelf life Does any one know the shelf life of Apistan strips after the package has been opened. I have some unused strips, and am wondering if they are still good. I am assuming that there is some decay of the active ingredients after the package has been opened. Thanks. George Clarkson 70641.2067@COMPUSERVE.COM ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 14:40:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Matt Ter Molen Subject: Re: Apistan shelf life No, I am not sure what the shelf life is. I was told that if they were wrapped in foil and stored in a cool location that they would be good for 12 months after they were opened but I have never heard anything "officially" re. the shelf life after the package was opened. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 13:35:18 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Jane Beckman Subject: Re: Apistan shelf life Does anyone know if putting Apistan in the fridge/freezer might extend the life of opened packs? I, too, would be interested. I only have one hive, and hence have a lot of strips left over. Jane B. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 14:29:00 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652" Subject: Re: Apistan shelf life You may wish to contact Sandoz/Zoecon directly for advise on shelf life. Apparently, the shelf life is quite long providing the strips have been kept in a cool, dry place and away from sunlight. The active ingredient seems particularly sensitive to UV. Paul van Westendorp PVANWESTEN@galaxy.gov.bc.ca Provincial Apiculturist BC Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Food Surrey, BC, CANADA V3S 4P9 ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 18:17:44 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Mike Griggs Subject: Re: Apistan shelf life Since the basic method to deploy the chemical in these strips is via volitilisation, refrigeration and better yet freezing the unused strips will surely decrease the loss of active ingreadient, thereby prolonging storage. Care should definately be exercised to insure the strips are in a sealed nonporus conainer especilly if they will be in a freezer that has food. It would be far better to store them in a freezer that does not contain food, but this may not be feasable for hobyists. I use a glass jar with a ground glass seal that I got from a laboratory supply house. I have used frozen strips after a year and they apaently work as well as new. Your milage may vary. The important part is to insure sealed, nonporus (plastics can allow some volitile through) sealed containers. My second choice would be to place the strips in a mason jar. Mike Griggs Entomologist/Apiculturalist/Arborist >Does anyone know if putting Apistan in the fridge/freezer might extend >the life of opened packs? I, too, would be interested. I only have one >hive, and hence have a lot of strips left over. > >Jane B. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 19:56:12 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: John Bongiovanni Subject: Re: Apiculture in Egypt It would really be interesting if you would post a summary of your Egyptian experiences after you get back. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 14 Jul 1994 23:17:37 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Michael Moroney Subject: Re: Apistan shelf life In-Reply-To: <199407142202.AA15222@world.std.com> > in a cool, dry place and away from sunlight. The active ingredient seems > particularly sensitive to UV. I think I noticed this. I hived a package of bees this spring, and accidently I left the cage (with its Apistan strip) off to the side. It sat right-side up in the sun. When I found it a couple weeks later the part of the strip stapled to the top of the cage was discolored and darker, while the part hanging in the cage (mostly out of the sun) looked normal still. -Mike ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 15 Jul 1994 09:54:53 +0200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Peter van Empel Subject: Re: Apistan /Does any one know the shelf life of Apistan strips after the package has been /opened. I have some unused strips, and am wondering if they are still good. I /am assuming that there is some decay of the active ingredients after the packag e /has been opened. I keep my strips in a dark place, where the temperature is the whole year about 2-20 C. I have used them 4 years with very good results. I use 1 old strip (2-4 year) and 1 new strip (1-2 year) per hive. one, not because they wouldn't work, but on the package stands that you have to renew them every 2 years. I'm beekeeping for hobby so I can take more risks, but another year I don't try. (I have used them already 200%) I think it is commercial talk. There was even a seller who told that the bees become resistent of the strips so thats why the producer changes the chemicals every x year. (?) (the same man is now selling ice-cream). Put them away in the same package you have bought them and the will stay good for 4 years. Peter van Empel ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 15 Jul 1994 16:24:08 MDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: havasu nwr Subject: Beekeeping [R(46)] We are the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge, Needles, CA located on the Colorado River. We would like information on beekeeping. We received a request for which government agency we are with. Interior Dept., U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 15 Jul 1994 19:38:51 BSC Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo Organization: FUEM/Fundacao Universidade Estadual de Maringa - Parana - Brasil. Subject: address For all, hi I would like to know the Robert Page's address. Can you help me? Thanks Vagner ======================================================================== VAGNER TOLEDO +++ +++ UNIV. EST. MARINGA - DZO ___---___ BIENE 00) (00 ODER COLOMBO AV. 3690 00) (00 BIENE? 87020-900 MARINGA - PR - BRAZIL (-=======-) TEL. (044) 2262727 R.319 ,% %%& &. (!!!!!!!!!) .% %&% % FAX. 00-55-044-2222754 ,% *(!!!!!!!)* %, * ( ) * * ( ! ) * BITNET: VGTOLEDO AT BRFUEM * " * ======================================================================== ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 09:09:53 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Chris Conroy Subject: Herb garden The herbs are in bloom and the bees have found them... The seem to really be going for the Anise Hyssop, the catmint and the oregano (wild marjoram). It's great to see that they've found it - I had my doubts there for a while... CC ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 08:19:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Matt Ter Molen Subject: Re: address I am sorry but I don't have that address. Do you happen to know the address of Dr. Lionel Goncalves? I took a bee course with him in Honduras. Thanks. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 14:49:57 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Malcolm Roe Subject: Beekeeping in Africa. One of my neighbours has a couple of friends who are missionaries. They have recently taken a new posting in Madagascar and apparently, along with everthing else, have inherited one (or more?) beehives. They know nothing about bees. My neighbour asked me what advice I could give. At least I know enough to say "Not much!" Presumably what they need is local beekeeping contacts or, failing that, some good books. I have no contacts in that part of Africa at all. I have only been able to find one good book about practical beekeeping in Africa and that's for South Africa, not Madagascar, and may not still be in print. (The copy I saw was quite old.) "Beekeeping in South Africa" by R.H. Anderson, B. Buys and M.F. Johannsmeier, published by the S.A. Dept of Agricultural Technical Services. Any comments or suggestions? -- Malcolm Roe Phone : +44 442 230000 ext 5104 Crosfield Electronics Ltd Fax : +44 442 232301 Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK E-mail : roe@crosfield.co.uk ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 10:17:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Matt Ter Molen Subject: Re: Beekeeping in Africa. I don't have any solid leads for you but I would suggest checking with the following sources. IBRA (International Bee Research Assoc.) is sure to have contacts in that part of the world and I believe that they are based in the U.K. Additionally, there are monthly bee journals published in South Africa, maybe they will have some leads for you. Good luck. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 11:49:02 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Rick Hough Subject: RE>Re: e-mail of Wicwas Press/Larry Connor A while back, Carlos Hernan Vergara Bricenio wrote: >Does anyone know Larry Connor's e-mail address? > >I would greatly appreciate this info > >Carlos Vergara > >cvergara@udlapvms.pue.udlap.mx Carlos - I saw Larry this past week at the Eastern Apicultural Society conference in Pennsylvania. He confirmed that he does not currently have access to e-mail. He said "the software is on my desk, I just haven't installed it", so as people talk to him, the more folks that ask him about his e-mail address, the sooner he will install the software! (and the sooner we can send e-mail to him...) Rick Hough, a beekeeper from just a bit northeast of Boston, MA, USA rshough@tasc.com ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 11:34:00 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652" Subject: Re: RE>Re: e-mail of Wicwas Press/Larry Connor Rick, It sounds to me Larry is procrastinating! But I think, he could safe himself a lot time by having manuscripts submitted through e-mail for the BeeScience publication (among many other benefits e-mail offers). Paul van Westendorp Provincial Apiculturist British Columbia ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 17:09:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Matt Ter Molen Subject: Re: Herb garden We are still in the clover flow in nothern Illinois (white sweet), so I haven't seen many bees working the herbs. A general question, does anyone else have problems trying to feed the bees grease patties for tracheal mite treatment? I have made patties according to specs found in the journals and elsewhere, but the bees never seem to touch them. Even when I use less crisco and more sugar, and even if I feed them in the spring, mid-summer or fall. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 23:54:22 -0300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Eunice Wonnacott Subject: Re: Beekeeping in Africa. In-Reply-To: <9407181351.AA04066@bud.peinet.pe.ca> Some years ago, an apiculturist from the Uiversity of Guelph, Canada, spent some time in Africa, studying beekeeping practices, etcx. He had wonderful colour and sound pictures of his experience there. When he spoke to the annual meeting of our beekeepers association, the year of his return, he showed us some of this material. My memory says that where he was, all you had to do was hang up a beehive in a suitable location, and wait. Swarming was so frequent that you would soon have bees! Sorry, but I do not remember his name. From the Cradle of Confederation. On Mon, 18 Jul 1994, Malcolm Roe wrote: > One of my neighbours has a couple of friends who are missionaries. They > have recently taken a new posting in Madagascar and apparently, along > with everthing else, have inherited one (or more?) beehives. They know > nothing about bees. My neighbour asked me what advice I could give. > At least I know enough to say "Not much!" Presumably what they need is > local beekeeping contacts or, failing that, some good books. I have > no contacts in that part of Africa at all. I have only been able to > find one good book about practical beekeeping in Africa and that's > for South Africa, not Madagascar, and may not still be in print. (The > copy I saw was quite old.) > > "Beekeeping in South Africa" by R.H. Anderson, B. Buys and > M.F. Johannsmeier, published by the S.A. Dept of Agricultural > Technical Services. > > Any comments or suggestions? > > -- > Malcolm Roe Phone : +44 442 230000 ext 5104 > Crosfield Electronics Ltd Fax : +44 442 232301 > Hemel Hempstead, Herts. HP2 7RH, UK E-mail : roe@crosfield.co.uk > ------------------------------------------------------------------------ > ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 19 Jul 1994 10:16:44 CDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Lon Kaufman Subject: Re: RE>Re: e-mail of Wicwas Press/Larry Connor In-Reply-To: Mon, 18 Jul 1994 11:49:02 +0000, from Rick Hough I apologize for using this method but I have tried verything else I know to try . Please unhook me from the Bee line. Thank you. U12998@UICVM > A while back, Carlos Hernan Vergara Bricenio > wrote: > >>Does anyone know Larry Connor's e-mail address? >> >>I would greatly appreciate this info >> >>Carlos Vergara >> >>cvergara@udlapvms.pue.udlap.mx > > Carlos - I saw Larry this past week at the Eastern Apicultural Society > conference in Pennsylvania. He confirmed that he does not currently > have access to e-mail. He said "the software is on my desk, I just > haven't installed it", so as people talk to him, the more folks that > ask him about his e-mail address, the sooner he will install the > software! (and the sooner we can send e-mail to him...) > > Rick Hough, a beekeeper from just a bit northeast of Boston, MA, USA > rshough@tasc.com ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 19 Jul 1994 08:33:00 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Paul van Westendorp 576-5600 Fax: 576-5652" Subject: Re: Beekeeping in Africa. We have had several "generations" of Canadians who worked on apicultural projects in East Africa over the last 30 years. The first one from Guelph was Dr. Townsend who in part was involved in the development of the "Kenyan Top Bar Hive" in the sixties. Then, John Corner former Provincial Apiculturist of British Columbia spent a year in Kenya in the early seventies. I mention him because he was (and still is) an enthusiastic photographer with extensive slide series of all his overseas travels. He returned to east-Africa in 1983 to manage an apicultural program in Uganda under the auspices of CARE. I took over John Corner's position in Uganda from 1985 til 1987. And indeed, you hang either a traditional or KTB hive and when conditions are okay, within weeks or even days, a swarm of bees move in. The african bees (they didn't have to become Africanized!) are very different in their behavior, not only defensively but also in swarm impulse, foraging behavior, flight, etc. Paul van Westendorp PVANWESTEN@galaxy.gov.bc.ca Provincial Apiculturist British Columbia ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 19 Jul 1994 16:22:00 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: FS300022@SOL.YORKU.CA Subject: unsubscribe Please remove me from this net-work of people who receive BEE info. My disk is getting full, and I plan to be away on sabbatical leave. G.Hunter, York Univ., Toronto. ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 20 Jul 1994 15:52:32 GMT+2 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Robin Crewe Organization: University of the Witwatersrand Subject: Re: Beekeeping in Africa. A small caveat from the southern end of Africa. You are referring to a continent with a variety of local populations of honeybees with different behaviour characteristics. Behaviours that are characteristic of the east African topics are not seen in southern sub-tropical populations where climate and ecology are quite different. Robin M Crewe Dept of Zoology Phone 27-11-716-3167(W) Univ of the Witwatersrand 27-11-442-5469(H) Johannesburg FAX 27-11-339-3959 2050 South Africa e-mail robin@gecko.biol.wits.ac.za ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 20 Jul 1994 10:56:59 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Celso F. Martins" Organization: Universidade Federal da Paraiba-JP/BRASIL Subject: Lionel Goncalves' e-mail... To Matt Ter Molen and those interested: You can contact Dr. Lionel Goncalves at GENEBEE.SOL.FMRP.USP.BR Hope this helps Celso F. Martins Depto. Sistematica e Ecologia CCEN Universidade Federal da Paraiba Joao Pessoa PB Brasil 58059-900 E-mail: CENDSE05@BRUFPB.BITNET ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 20 Jul 1994 12:37:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Matt Ter Molen Subject: Re: Lionel Goncalves' e-mail... Mr. Martins, thank you for your help in finding Dr. Goncalves and congratulations on the world cup. Looks like you all are having some party!!! ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 20 Jul 1994 20:32:32 CDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Philp Mueller Subject: Asian Apiculture In-Reply-To: <9407201353.AA28006@convex1.tcs.tulane.edu>; from "Robin Crewe" at Jul 20, 94 3:52 pm My new Nature Malaysiana came today and included in the book review section was: Asian Apiculture. edited by Conner,Rinderer, Sylvester, and Wongsiri. Wicwas Press: Cheshire, Conn.,1993 It contains papers presented at the first International Conference on the Asian Honey Bees and Bee Mites held at Chulalongkorn Univ. in Bankok in Feb. 1992. -- Phil Mueller 325 Burdette hi23ahg@convex1.tcs.tulane.edu New Orleans, LA 70118 Tulane University (504) 866-1913 ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 19:25:00 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Brian Burbidge Subject: Continuously Swarming Hives Hi It is winter here in Australia and a colleague of mine has a hive which has swarmed a number of times over the past twelve months. He has attempted to re-queen the hive in spring (October 1993) but unfortunately it was not successful. Last week the hive swarmed again which is most unusual given the time of year and the cold frosty conditions we have in Canberra at this time of year. According to him the hive appears to be health, disease free and well sited on a north east aspect. Does anyone have an suggestions. Brian Burbidge (email : bburbidge@auslig.gov.au) ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 14:41:24 -0300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Harvey Hyde Subject: Re: Places of interest In-Reply-To: <9407011436.AA22752@bud.peinet.pe.ca> Enclosed is the upcoming PEI BEEKEEPERS COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION=20 NEWSLETTER to be published next week. Harvey Hyde hhyde@peinet.pe.ca =20 PEI BEEKEEPERS COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION NEWSLETTER =20 =20 JULY 27/94 =0C In this issue:- PRESIDENT'S REPORT COMMENTS & OBSERVATIONS UPCOMING EVENTS HAWAIIAN NEWS CROWDING=20 STING ALLERGIES REQUEENING WORKER LIFESTYLE LOCAL HELP PRESIDENT'S REPORT:- Since the last Newsletter, your executive has been working on new ideas to be undertaken by the PEIBCA.=20 One of a number of such ideas was that the Co-op should focus on making the latest beekeeping technology more available to Island beekeepers. In this regard it was proposed that a number of executive meetings include a workshop. A short executive meeting would conclude with a workshop open to Island beekeepers on a number of timely subjects. It is proposed that our October 3rd meeting include a workshop on Winter preparations. (See the next newsletter September 8th for details.) Another item to be initiated is the set-up of a comprehensive bee library to be supported partially by fund raising ventures that will be undertaken by the PEIBCA as well as contributions by those=20 interested in sharing in such a project. Of course we can't forget about our latest project --the Maritime Bee Tour to be held July 29-30. The executive have been working very hard to host this year's Tour by arranging excellent venues, lots of good food, great speakers, interesting displays, and a chance for you to talk till you drop about bees, with a lot of the beekeepers from Atlantic Canada. We are expecting 80-100 people; I am looking forward to seeing you at Tour 94 --the theme of which is "Nectars of the World!". COMMENTS & OBSERVATIONS:- An item which didn't make the last Newsletter was of the attempt by Nova Scotia Beekeepers Association to bank queens during the past winter. Jerry Draheim indicated that he produced and banked 62 queens in a climate-controlled storage, at the Kentville research station. The bees were stored at 12=F8C and 60% humidity. Unfortunately the attempt met with failure with the loss of over 90% of the banked queens. On the bright side however, there was an 85% survival rate for the queens housed in mini nucs (3 deep x 1/2 frames). For us in this part of the world, this activity is one of the critical keys for us to become truly self-sufficient in bees. UPCOMING EVENTS:- The Maritime Bee Tour July 29-30 commencing at the Kin Canter, 329 North Market Street @ 6:00 PM. For more information contact John Burhoe @ 962-3834. HAWAIIAN NEWS:- Date: 5 May 1994 12:50:31 -0700 State agriculture inspectors on Maui have intercepted a shipment of live honey bees mailed from the Mainland. State law prohibits the importation of live or dead bees in an effort to keep Hawaii honey bees parasite-free. The Department of Agriculture said the ban on honey bee imports is the main reason why Hawaii-reared queen bees are free of two mites devastating Mainland and foreign colonies. Editors Note: PEI is also in a state of quarantine and the illegal importation of honeybees from other provinces or countries, is forbidden. CROWDING:-=20 Every beekeeper is taught that strong colonies are the essence of beekeeping. However, what does crowding of bees do to a colony? Dr. John Harbo, USDA Baton Rouge Bee Laboratory, reports on this in his study "Worker-Bee Crowding Affects Brood Production, Honey Production, and Longevity of Honey Bees," Journal of Economic Entomology, Vol. 86, No. 6, pp 1672-1678, December, 1993. Through an elaborate set of experiments, using several hive sizes and different initial populations, Dr. Harbo found that in winter more crowded bees consumed less honey, but produced less brood and lived shorter than less crowded colonies. In spring and summer, more crowded bees produced more honey. They also produced less brood, but the difference was not as marked as in winter. With reference to how available space affected colonies during honey producing times, the results are not clear cut. "Of three treatments, colonies with five combs in a 25-litre hive produced the most honey and colonies with additional space and comb (10 frames in a 47-litre hive) produced the least, while colonies of five frames in a 47-litre hive were intermediate. STING ALLERGIES:- There has been so much confusion out there about reactions to bee stings, that I've been known to pounce on unsuspecting, innocent people in the street while trying to set them straight on stings. Happily, the majority of people who think they are allergic to bees aren't, only about 1 person in 10 is truly allergic to honey bee stings. Because our bees get a bad reputation from all this, it has become a pet peeve of mine, so here are the facts... There are three types of reactions to honey bee stings -- 1) yelling "Yeeooww" and dropping the frame on your foot; 2) gritting your teeth and holding onto the frame; or 3) not noticing until you later find the empty stinger still stuck in your skin. =20 But seriously, the first type is called a LOCAL REACTION. It involves pain, redness, swelling and itching surrounding the immediate area of the sting. It can vary from nothing to a "mosquito bite" bump to a swollen finger or hand, or even to a whole swollen arm. This is NORMAL -- even the whole swollen arm -- it goes away in a few days, it happens to everybody. Those of us who are stung frequently and regularly (several stings a month for a year) may develop an immunity to this type of reaction -- the body produces high levels of antibodies to the bee venom -- and you no longer need to swell up to eliminate the venom from your system. The stings still hurt though. =20 The second type of reaction is called a TOXIC REACTION. In sufficient quantity, bee venom is poisonous. Approximately 1,000 stings will kill you and a couple hundred will definitely send you to a hospital. This is the stuff that freak accidents and killer bee headlines are made of. The third type of reaction is the infamous ALLERGIC REACTION.=20 In this case, the body reacts at a site DIFFERENT from where you were stung. For example, your throat will swell or you will become short of breath or dizzy or break out in a rash (hives, anyone?).=20 You must be stung on at least two separate occasions (the first time you will react normally) for this to occur. After you are stung the first time, your body will produce "allergy" antibodies, which are essentially antibodies gone haywire -- they react against your own body tissues instead of against invading venom, bacteria, viruses, etc. When you are stung on a second occasion, these "allergy" antibodies are activated, producing the allergic reaction. The symptoms can vary from mild rashes and joint aches to the dizziness and major swelling of the get-to-the-hospital-in- ten-minutes-or-your-dead, full body reaction. Usually, the symptoms will become more severe each succeeding time you are stung, so people who are allergic normally carry a prescription allergy kit, containing a shot of adrenaline, to help lessen the reaction if they are ever stung again. I should also mention that these reactions usually begin within about half an hour from the time you are stung. They can last for hours or days. Allergic reactions can develop at any time in one's life -- some people are born with the tendency to be allergic, others develop it later in life -- in all cases, you must first be exposed to the thing causing the allergy (bee venom in this case) at least once, but possibly more times, before you develop an allergy. The people who are most at risk to developing allergic reactions to bee stings are those people who are stung OCCASIONALLY, say 2 or 3 times a year -- which includes most hobbyist beekeepers. The people who are never stung (say 2 or 3 times in a lifetime) or who are frequently and regularly stung have a much lower risk of developing an allergy. That's not to say that you should kick your hive before you open it -- just be aware that allergic reactions are a possibility, and don't take a change in your reaction to bee stings lightly. Another common misconception is that if you are allergic to yellow jackets, hornets, and/or wasps, you are also allergic to honey bees. The chances are very good that you are not. While the venom of yellow jackets and hornets are very similar (yellow jackets are actually a type of hornet), the venom of honey bees is quite different. The wasps can vary a bit more, depending on the type of wasp, but generally their venom is also pretty different from that of honey bees and cross-reactions are rare. So how many of you are still allergic??? I'm really NOT an encyclopedia, it just sounds that way!!!=20 Jennifer Finley (JVF101 @ PSUVM.psu.edu) Department of Entomology, Penn State University =20 REQUEENING:- REQUEENING WITHOUT LOOKING FOR THE QUEEN by Nick Wallingford One of the big stumbling blocks for many beginner beekeepers is that problem of how do you actually get the queen into the hive. The fundamentals -- the colony should be queenless, it should be well fed and it should have young bees emerging. How do you actually go about doing it? Most books tell you simply to find the old queen, kill her, and introduce your young queen in the mailing cage she came in. Fine, you think. Until you go out to look through your (strong) (aggressive) (agitated) colony for the queen. And knowing that you have your valuable, newly-arrived queen sitting in the house just waiting to be installed! So this message will be mostly devoted to giving you a method of introducing new queens to your hives without ever having to look for the old queen. And like any such system, it is not foolproof.=20 It works for me and for many other beekeepers, but if it doesn't for you, first make sure you are following directions. Then consider special problems you might have, especially as they relate to the 'golden rules' of queenless, well-fed, with plenty of young bees. The system I will describe is not new, and it was not my idea. It's a combination of all sorts of ideas. Its the sort of management technique that develops when you have a fair idea of what you want to do, but you're not sure how. Then, rather than just making up your system, you sit back and think about bee behaviour and try to work effectively within the bounds of the ways bees will *usually* respond to certain stimuli. The object of the system is to create a nucleus colony on top of the old colony. I wanted a system that could be easily used by hobbyist or commercial beekeeper alike, without ever looking for the queen. It should be versatile, both in being able to deal with colonies of differing strengths and with end results. That is, the resulting nucleus, or top, can be used to re-queen with or to start a new colony. The method should use a minimum of extra equipment, and no exotic or complicated gadgets (much as I like them...) They are based around beekeeping systems that use two full depth brood chambers for most of the year. The system introduces a third box, which is of the same depth as the brood chamber boxes. After all is complete, you'll want to work this extra box 'out', especially if you (1) use different depth boxes for storing/extracting surplus and/or (2) you are particular about using white comb only (never used for brood rearing) as honey supers. The only 'extra' piece of equipment needed is a split board, also known as a division board. To those of you who may not know what that is, it is simply a hive mat (inner cover) that has had a notch cut out of the rim on one side so as to form an entrance for a colony set above it. The notch can be anywhere from 20 to 100 mm wide; I prefer to have mine about 50 mm, making it large enough for a fairly strong unit but still small enough that the bees can protect it while the colony is still small. I have modified the inner covers on all of my hives in this manner. Just to try something new this last autumn, I turned them over on my hives in an effort to give some sort of upper ventilation. I'm not really sure how much good it did. You will also need a queen excluder. As I have one of these for each hive as a matter of course, that is no problem. One last piece of equipment needed will be another box of drawn comb. Now, after all that prelude, let's see how the system works.=20 For the sake of beginning, let us assume that it is springtime and your colony is housed in two boxes and you want to simply re-queen it. As you'll see later, you have other options, but let's start from this basic case. When you open your hive, you'll find most of the brood and bees in the upper box. Remove three frames of brood, both sealed and unsealed, from the centre of the brood nest. Take a glance over them first to see if you can spot the queen. Now that you're starting on a method that means you don't have to find her, its amazing how often you will! Then shake all of the bees off of them, back into the colony.=20 You needn't shake off every last one of them, so long as you are sure that the queen is not one of the bees remaining. Now, place these three frames into the middle of the box of combs you have brought with you. If there are plenty of stores in the parent colony, take two good frames of honey, shake the bees from them, and place them in the new box with the three frames of brood. If there is not much honey in the hive, you will have to feed either the parent hive, the nucleus, or in the worst case, both. Now, you can start to re-build the hive. Replace all the frames you have taken from the parent colony with empty combs, doing your best not to split the brood nest if possible. On top of this second box, place the queen excluder. On top of the excluder, place the new box containing the brood and honey that has had the bees shaken from them. Put the lid on the hive and go away.=20 Think about what you have just done. You have lifted brood and bees above the excluder. What is going to happen to the brood up there? The pheromones it gives off will attract nurse bees that are down in the main hive up to it. Combining that with the frames of honey, the third box that you have added has quite a 'pull' to bring bees up into it. But remember, there is a queen excluder between the boxes, so there is no way the old queen can come up there. After about 20 minutes, if you go back to the hive and lift the lid, you will find that enough bees have come up into the nucleus to take care of the brood, defend the colony and take care of your new queen. All you have to do now is replace the queen excluder with the division board and presto! You have your nucleus colony ready for introducing the young queen. It is queenless (because the queen couldn't come up through the excluder). It has plenty of young bees (because they have come up to take care of the brood you lifted). And it has plenty of food (because you provided them with two frames of honey). All the conditions have been met for ideal queen introduction. You can expect that some of the bees will drift back to the main colony, but the young bees taking care of the brood will most likely remain - the new unit shouldn't drop in bee strength too drastically. This system could be used on a larger number of hives. By the time the beekeeper has worked through the yard, shaking bees from brood and honey to lift into the new box, the first hive would have been left long enough for the bees to come up. Introduce your young queen into the top and wait a week. Don't disturb them in this time if at all possible; until the new queen is established and laying fully, the bees haven't really fully accepted her. Disturb them during this period and it is possible for them to turn on her. After a week, you will have a parent colony on the bottom, only slightly reduced in strength by the bees, brood and honey you took.=20 And you will have a nucleus colony headed by a young queen above the split board, all set for your next decision. You can either use it to re-queen the parent colony, or you could place it on its own floor to use for increasing your colony numbers. If you choose the second option, it would be best if you actually moved it several miles away to avoid the loss of field strength through drifting. If you want to re-queen the parent colony, you could now go through it, looking for the old queen, preparing to unite the two colonies by replacing the split board with a sheet of newspaper for them to chew their way through. But that would defeat the whole point, wouldn't it? We're supposed to be doing this without ever looking for a queen, aren't we? If you can go through and find the old queen, aided by any tricks/knacks you might have to quickly locate queens, so much the better. You're certain of results then. But, believe it or not, you have the odds of success heavily in your favour if you simply newspaper the two units together without looking for the old queen at all. In almost 90% of the cases, if you unite two colonies with the young queen on the to of an old queen, the young queen will be left to head the resulting hive. Why this happens is open to argument. Some beekeepers will tell you that the bees always select the best of the two queens. I doubt that. My explanation goes along the lines of the young queen's bees are confined in the top box when you replace the split board with newspaper. As well, her field bees returning cannot use their normal entrance, the slot on the split board. They then drift down to the main colony entrance. As they are foragers returning with a load, they will be accepted without causing outrageous fighting at the hive entrance. I think the old queen is then probably killed by the 'scissor' effect of bees foreign to her coming at her from both directions - down as the bees confined above the newspaper chew through and move down in the hive, and up by the foragers from the top unit coming in through the bottom entrance and finding a 'strange' queen in 'their' hive. It has certainly worked for me, and if the thought of trying to find queens is an impossible one for you, the system might be worth considering. You might just want to experiment with it to see if the time savings will repay the small amount of uncertainty involved. It's not the answer to all of a beekeepers problems, but it just gives you an idea how by thinking a little bit about bee behaviour, you can sort out your management system to make your life a little easier while doing all you can in the interests of maximum production. Nick Wallingford (East coast, N Island, New Zealand) Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz WORKER LIFESTYLE:- The worker bee normally adheres to the following pattern of duty within the hive following the first 10 days after her emergence. The young bee has a short period of self grooming. She eats large amounts of pollen. She then cleans the debris out of cells vacated by emerging bees. She then becomes a nurse bee and deposits a mass of royal jelly in the base of cells to feed the larvae 2 1/2 to five days old. Later she begins to feed the one to two day old larvae. She then begins to take short orientation flights from the hive.=20 The next 10-day period of a worker's life is spent doing another group of varied chores. She secretes wax and builds cells. She accepts nectar from field bees, handles and stores it. She packs pollen in the cells. She removes dead bees and other debris from the hive. A few bees of this age take on guard duty at the entrance to intercept honey bees and other honey robbers. =20 The next 10 to 20 days of her life or until her death is spent working as a field bee. She takes 12 or more daily flights from the colony foraging for nectar, pollen, and water.=20 LOCAL HELP:- The following list identifies the members of the PEI Beekeepers Cooperative Association who donate their time and expertise to the promotion of the honeybee. All are willing to assist the public with their honeybee problems/questions. Just call. If we cannot help, we will refer you to someone who can. President John Burhoe RR#4 Montague Ph. 962-3834 Secretary Paul Dick RR#9 Winsloe Ph. 368-8277 Glenda Carver 30A Newland Cresc. Ph. 892-0973 Harvey Hyde RR#2 Cornwall Ph. 566-2228 Internet: hhyde@peinet.pe.ca Carol Jollimore RR#2 Kensington Ph. 886-2044 Sharon Labchuck RR#2 Breadalbane Ph. 621-0719 Internet: peien@peinet.pe.ca Philip Maxwell 10 School St. Kensington C0B-1M0 836-4943 Al Picketts Norboro 836-5180 Eunice Wonnacott Box 2624, Charlottetown C1A-8C3 Internet: wonnacot@peinet.pe.ca ****************************** Did you know that Caucasian bees, on becoming queenless, have been known to steal an egg from a neighbouring hive, carry it home, build a queen cell and raise their own queen? ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 13:14:18 BSC Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo Organization: FUEM/Fundacao Universidade Estadual de Maringa - Parana - Brasil. Subject: answer for all that respond me. thanks, in the next week, I will respond all mails. We are having International Congress of Zoothechnia (Animal Science) I am very occupied. With Regards, Vagner ======================================================================== VAGNER TOLEDO +++ +++ UNIV. EST. MARINGA - DZO ___---___ BIENE 00) (00 ODER COLOMBO AV. 3690 00) (00 BIENE? 87020-900 MARINGA - PR - BRAZIL (-=======-) TEL. (044) 2262727 R.319 ,% %%& &. (!!!!!!!!!) .% %&% % FAX. 00-55-044-2222754 ,% *(!!!!!!!)* %, * ( ) * * ( ! ) * BITNET: VGTOLEDO AT BRFUEM * " * ======================================================================== ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 21 Jul 1994 08:46:00 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Casey Burns Organization: TSCNET Inc. d(206)692-2388 v(206)613-0708 Subject: Continuously Swarming Hives You might check brood space - I just had a hive swarm very late in the honey flow - the flow was so good that the bees drew out 3 deeps of foundation and filled them with blackberry honey - and then continued to fill what was left of the frood space (I could have put a 4th box on!). It might be that they are situated too high in the hive (the queen won't go down), etc. Make sure the queen has lots of room and good quality comb to lay in, or they will keep taking off.... ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 23 Jul 1994 22:42:05 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Stan G. Kain" Subject: Bumblebees in Greenhouse I write freelance magazine articles, and often write about honey bees. One of my recent articles in "Bee Culture", called, "Bees & Bytes" has generated a fair amount of email. Probably since it dealt with obtaining information about bees via computer. I have just received a query from a gentleman, sent to the magazine editor, Kim Flottum, via my email. I shall forward the message to Kim, although he is out of the office for most of the remainder of this month. While I am quite active with my honey bees, the query is completely out of my league. Could someone on BEE-L help this fellow out with his query? I shall post it below: I am a tomato greenhouse grower with a 30X96ft. greenhouse. A local honeybee operation suggested that you might be a good source of information for me. My goal is to nurture my own hive of bumblebees year-round for use in my greenhouse. My growing(flowering)season is from April-October. During July, the blossoms are picked off to terminate the fruit growth. In August, the house is shut down for sterilization. The house is also shut down from November to March. Given these parameters, whould you think that maintaining a hive is possible all year round? Would I have to buy a new hive every year? What would it cost to start a hive for my house? I have had no luck finding greenhouse growers who use bumble-bees in my area. I have also exhausted searching the Massachusetts and RI Extension Service libraries. Any help or referrals would be appreciated. Mike Lydon(Lydon Family Tomatoes) Tiverton RI email: TDWB41A@prodigy.com If anyone could help Mike, I would be happy to forward the reply, if that would be preferred. Thanks in advance for any assistance. Stan G. Kain P.O. Box 1599 Atascadero, CA 93423 Voice/FAX (805)462-1636 Email: stankain@delphi.com CompuServe 74134,2617 ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 24 Jul 1994 10:27:04 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Blair J. Sampson" Subject: Re: Bumblebees in Greenhouse In-Reply-To: <9407240244.AA12713@ag.auburn.edu> Dear Bumble bee enthusiast, There are some companies out their which supply bumble bees for greenhouse crop pollination. One that comes to mind is Koppert Biological Supply services ( Quebec, CANADA.) They provide strong Bombus impatiens colonies under the registered name NATUPOL. Colonies are reared year round for many different purposes. Please, don't consider this message as a sales pitch. It is just there are so few bumble bee suppliers around. I do have extensive experience in rearing bumble bee colonies, from queen to colony maturation. Unlike honey bees, the life cycle of the bumble bee is an annual one. That is, a single queen will start her nest in the spring. The nest reaches maturity in the fall, and newly reared queens mate and hibernate for the winter and start a new colony the next spring. The old queen, her workers and males do not overwinter. So if you plan to rear bumble bees on your own, you will have to start a new nests each year. There is a procedure used to break diapause during the winter months. This permits mass rearing of bumble bees year round. I hope to be rearing bumble bees next year for my own research. It is a lot tougher than its sounds, many things can go wrong when rearing them. The first and foremost thing to consider is the species you wish to rear. Not all bumble bee species are candidates for domestication. I will try to rear some of the bumble bees living in the Southeastern US. Good luck with your bees. Faithfully buzzing, Blair Blair Sampson Dept. of Entomology 301 Funchess Hall Auburn University, Alabama 36849-5413, USA bsampson@ag.auburn.edu ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 24 Jul 1994 20:54:40 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Liz Day Subject: raising bumblebees - constant questions Is this topic (How do I raise vb bumblebees?) on our FAQ list? The bee-line list seems to get this question every couple of months without fail. Suppliers of bees and a list of how-to books ought to be on the faq if they arent' yet. Liz Day Unaffiliated person living in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA lday@gluon.phys.ufl.edu ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 24 Jul 1994 22:24:40 CDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Philp Mueller Subject: native bee In-Reply-To: <9407250109.AA13029@convex1.tcs.tulane.edu>; from "Liz Day" at Jul 24, 94 8:54 pm I sent a post several weeks ago describing a small black native bee that would gather each evening to sleep in my garden. This is their second year. An entomologist from Xavier U. here in New Orleans keyed it down as far as genus for me. It is one of the leaf-cutter bees of the genus Osmia. They have disappeared again and I hope to see them again next year. -- Phil Mueller 325 Burdette hi23ahg@convex1.tcs.tulane.edu New Orleans, LA 70118 Tulane University (504) 866-1913 ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 1994 08:12:27 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Aaron Morris Subject: More on Greenhouse Bumblebees Taken from April '94 APIS: FILENAME: APRAPIS.94 Florida Extension Beekeeping Newsletter Apis--Apicultural Information and Issues (ISSN 0889-3764) Volume 12, Number 4, April 1994 ... Bumblebees are big business overseas because of their pollinating potential in greenhouse tomatoes, according to the article ("The Busiest of Bees: Pollen Bees Outwork Honey Bees as Crop Pollinators," in the February, 1994 issue of Agricultural Research), and may soon be in the U.S. This is corroborated by a full-page advertisement in the January, 1994 issue of Fruit Grower. An inquiry for dealers in "maintenance free bumblebees," suggests there's money to be made by selling hives equipped with a special feeding cartridge, transparent lid, and closeable entrance. For information, contact Biobest Biological Systems, Llse Velden 18, B- 2260 Westerlo, Belgium, ph +32/14/23 17 01, FAX +32/14/23 18 31. .... ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 1994 10:25:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: tdahms@SLEDGE-PO.WEEG.UIOWA.EDU Subject: May 1995 "Buzz" - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres. East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc. internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu sorry for the delay in posting. ------------------------------------------------------------------ THE BUZZ MAY, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------ A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa Honey Producers Association (IHPA), an affiliate member of the Iowa Horticultural Society. Copy deadline is the 20th of each month. Your ideas, comments and letters are welcomed and encouraged. EDITOR: Bob Cox, State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Monies, IA. 50319 Phone: (515) 281-5736. IHPA MEMBERSHIP: Membership dues in the Iowa Honey Producers Assn. are $5.00/year. Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer. ------------------------------------------------------------------ HANDLING BEE PROBLEM CALLS Spring is the time when insects become active and some of the insects cause people problems. Beekeepers, pest control operators, bee inspectors, county extension, ASCS, police and fire department personnel may all receive telephone calls concerning "bees" causing problems. Many of these situations do not involve honey bees. Problems range from bees digging burrows in the garden, to angry hornets, to a large scale honey bee hive spill due to a truck wreck. Your first job in fielding this type of call is to determine, as best as you can, if it is an emergency because bees are stinging people and what type of insect is involved. The best way, if it is an emergency or you are close by and you have the time, is to go over and check out the situation yourself. However, that is not often possible and you should gather information over the phone. Ask about the location of the caller, the appearance of the insect, the number of insects, the location of the bees' activity or nest and the appearance of the nest, if they can see it. If there has been a highway accident with honey bee hives spilled out on the road, call a fire department to come to the scene with water and hoses. The fire department needs to add liquid soap or film forming foam to the water and spray bees down with this solution. A solution of at least 3% soap or foam will knock bees down and kill them. A fine spray is most affective for clearing the air of bees and making it safe to rescue victims from the wreckage. The time of the year will give you a clue as to the type of insect. Generally most calls in the spring and early summer involve swarms of honey bees. These may be either hanging from the limb of a tree or nesting inside a tree or inside the wall or soffit of a home or other building. If their combs are visible you will notice that they hang vertically. About 3/4 of the calls that come into the State Apiarists office here involved problem bees or wasps inside structures and the remainder are free hanging swarms of honey bees. The free hanging swarms (clusters) of bees that are low to the ground (up to 10 feet) are valuable to some beekeepers, especially in the month of May. Most beekeepers do not feel that removing colonies of bees from inside structures is a profitable use of time. But occasionally, there is a beekeeper who will remove a colony of bees from a building for a fee. If you determine that the caller has honey bees, call one of the beekeepers listed on the cover of THE BUZZ located nearest to you to obtain name of beekeeper in your local area. The county ASCS office may also have names and phone numbers of beekeepers registered for pesticide notification in your county. Honey bees do not often swarm after July. Therefore most of the calls in late summer and fall involve yellow jacket wasps and hornets. Hornets make a gray paper nest the shape of a football that hangs from the limb of a tree. The nest contains several horizontally stacked paper combs connected by pedestals and covered by several paper envelopes. An individual hornet is black in appearance with white markings and is larger than a honey bee. Yellow jackets range in size from smaller than a honey bee to as large as a hornet and have bright yellow and black stripes. Their paper nests are inside a structure like honey bees, but unlike honey bees, some species may also nest underground. If the nest is visible, you may see several layers of outside covering like the hornet nest and horizontal combs hanging by one or more pedestals. Some of these colonies may contain several hundred thousand individuals. These insects are the ones that ruin your picnics in the late summer and fall. They like anything sweet: your peanut butter and jelly sandwich, soda pop or fruit. They also eat insects and forage on car grills, eating the dead insects deposited there while driving. If you determine that the caller has yellow jacket wasps or hornets, it is best to refer them to local pest control operators. SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY Saturday, July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central Iowa Beekeepers Association will hold a beekeeping field day at the Riverside Bible Camp near Story City, Iowa. There is easy access to the camp which is located just 2 miles off of I-35 about 20 miles north of Ames. Registration is at 8:30 a.m. and the program will last until 4:00. The University of Minnesota Bee Research Laboratory will present a program on queen management: finding and evaluating the queen, queen selection, breeding, rearing methods, replacement and introduction methods. Everyone attending will get a copy of the new disease booklet published by the University of Minnesota. We are planning on door prizes and honey-made snacks that you bring. The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on the grounds. Breakout sessions in the afternoon will include choices of Comb Honey Production, Pollen Trapping, Beginning Beekeeping, or Bee Diseases and Pests. We will finish up the day with a research update from the University of Minnesota and a "Hot Topics" question and answer session. The camp setting is a great place for beekeepers and their families. There is a beeyard with a screened-in observation building on the property. Some of the talks and the noon meal will be held in an air-conditioned retreat center. Pre-registration is required for a prepared meal or you may bring your own lunch and eat at picnic tables outside. For more information contact one of the committee members: Margaret Hala, Leo Stattelman, Margaret Hala, Gordon Powell, Jim Cherry or Bob Cox. TO DO IN THE BEEYARD SWARM PREVENTION - Because the colonies that survived are so full of brood, you will need to split colonies, equalize brood or make two-queen colonies to prevent swarming this Spring. Reversing the two hive bodies when the top box fills up with brood, honey and bees will also help discourage swarming. Prevention is the key! CAUTION: Cutting out sealed queen cells may result in a queenless colony and will not usually stop swarming anyway; it's too late. MAKING INCREASE - Early in the month you can still make splits to replace winter losses and increase the number of colonies. Make them a little larger now (e.g. 6-7 frames of brood). CHECK FOR VARROA & FOULBROOD - ignoring these will not make them go away. CALENDAR OF EVENTS MAY 7-8 Queen Rearing Short Course, University of Minnesota St. Paul Campus, Call Dr. Spivak at (612) 624-2275. JUNE 11 IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley. 13 Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in Montgomery Hall, Johnson County Fairgrounds, Iowa City 18 Central Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 6:30 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley. JULY 13-15 Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier telephone: (814) 865-4621. 23 IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp, Story City, Iowa. Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox for further details. NOVEMBER 11-12 Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown. NEW NHB HONEY RECIPE FOLDER A new brochure (depicted on the front cover) published by the National Honey Board teaches cooks how to "make magic in minutes" with honey. The three-color, eight panel brochure is a collection of quick and easy tips for adding honey to dressings, desserts, drinks, sauces and spreads. Recipes vary from broiled bananas to lemonade to Dijon tarragon sauce. As the brochure cover explains: it's easy to drizzle, to dabble, to sizzle, to dazzle -- use honey. For a free sample of the "Make Magic in Minutes" brochure, send a self-addressed, stamped envelope to: National Honey Board Magic, 421 - 21st Ave., Ste. 203, Longmont, CO 80501. Quantities are available for 15 cents each. HAWKEYE SCIENCE FAIR AWARDS The state-wide Hawkeye Science Fair was held April 8-9 at the Merle Hay Mall in Des Moines. Two science fair projects involving honey bees deserve special recognition. Carol Fassbinder, 7th grader of Valley-Elgin school, had the best honey bee project and received a $50.00 award. In addition, she placed 2nd overall in the 7th grade Biology division. Carol studied the effect of treating for nosema disease and wrapping colonies on winter survival of honey bee colonies belonging to her family. Carol is the daughter of commercial beekeepers Bob and Kathy Fassbinder of Elgin, Iowa. A research article about this project will appear in the June BUZZ. Kristin Burgess, 10th grader from Stuart-Menlo school, received a $25 award for her interesting project entitled "The Smelling Bee". She obtained worker honey bees from Ken Lappe, beekeeper from Casey, to test the bees' preference for different fruit odors. She constructed a simple olfactometer and her testing revealed that the bees most often preferred the pear and least often to the orange and the apple in between when given a choice. EASTERN APICULTURE SOCIETY SHORT COURSE AND CONFERENCE The annual EAS short course and conference will be held in Lancaster, Pennsylvania July 11-15. The short course will offer a choice of beginning beekeeping or beekeeping as a business July 11, 12 and the morning of the 13th. The conference will be held during the balance of the week. Other activities include a tour of Dutch Gold Honey packing business and Kitchen Kettle Village, located in an Amish community. Speakers for the conference include: Andrew Matheson (IBRA), Jim Tew (USDA), William Towne, David Fletcher, Clarence Collison, Cliff Sunflower, and Theodor Cherbuliez; Master Beekeeper & M.D. on Apitherapy. Workshop highlights include presentations by Kim Flottum on "Generating Good Public Relations for Your Association or Business" and "Writing the Perfect Newsletter," Tom McCormack on marketing, Dennis Keeney on backyard queen rearing, Cliff Sunflower on developing effective school programs and much, much more. For more information on the conference and short course including a registration form and copy of the program, please contact: Joe Duffy Maryann Frazier 309 Clivden Street or Dept. of Entomology Glenside, PA 19038 501 ASI Bldg. (717) 885-1681 Univ. Park, PA 16802 (814) 865-4621 EAST CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING Monday March 14 the East Central Iowa Beekeepers met at the Fairgrounds in Iowa City. The 14 members present reported an average of 33% winter loss out of 186 hives collectively. An announcement was made about Paul Goossen teaching a beekeeping class at the Amana Middle School in Middle Amana. This is an 8-week course taught through Kirkwood Community College and beginning April 9th at 9:00 - 11:00 a.m. Dave Irwin lead a discussion about participating again this year at the Johnson County Fair. It was the consensus of the group to set up a table again with an observation bee hive if the fair board will give permission and to hand out honey candy. Cleo Troyer brought a video entitled Controlling Bee Emergencies to show to the group. The group watched the video which was produced for fire departments to instruct them on how to handle an overturned truck load of bee hives or nuisance colonies. The evening ended with the members attempting to assemble an observation bee hive that President, Terry Dahms, had purchased. The next meeting meeting is scheduled for June 13th at 7:00 p.m. in the basement of Montgomery Hall at the Johnson County Fairgrounds in Iowa City. Anyone interested in beekeeping is invited. NEW UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA VARROA RESEARCH New research from The University of Georgia may support the notion that secondary pathogens compound damage to bee colonies from Varroa mites. Experimental colonies infested with Varroa mites were treated with various combinations of Terramycin antibiotic and Apistan miticide. Each product increased body weight of mature hive bees of mixed ages. Additionally, Terramycin increased body weight of newly-emerged bees. Reduced body weight is one of the best documented effects of Varroa mites on honey bees, and low body weight is linked to a shortened lifespan. Since Terramycin counteracted this negative effect, supplemental antibiotic treatments, along with Apistan miticide, may optimize benefit to Varroa infested colonies. (from January 1994 APIS newsletter, Univ. of Florida, Gainesville) BAKERS WILL GET SWEET SURPRISE IN WELBILT BREAD MACHINES Purchasers of Welbilt bread machines will soon get a bonus -- the National Honey Board's "Breads & Spreads" brochure. The brochure includes recipes for Honey Whole Wheat Bread, Poppy Seed Loaf, Dutch Dill Bread and Cajun Tomato Bread. Honey spreads are highlighted in the brochure as delectable toppings for breads, muffins and rolls. The Welbilt Corporation inserted the brochures in 100,000 of its bread machines. "I tried all of the recipes myself and the results were delicious" said Mary Humann, marketing director for the National Honey Board. Humann added that the bread recipes were developed especially for the Welbilt machines -- adjustments to the recipes may be required when they are used with other machines. The Honey Board has a limited quantity of bread machine brochures available. If you would like a free copy, please send your request to: Bread Machine Brochure National Honey Board 421 - 21st Ave., #203 Longmont, CO 80501 HONEY BARBECUE SAUCE 1/2 cup minced onion 1 clove garlic, minced 1 tablespoon vegetable oil 1 can (8 oz.) tomato sauce 1/2 cup honey 2 tablespoons vinegar 2 tablespoons minced parsley 1 tablespoon Worcestershire sauce 1/4 teaspoon black pepper 1/8 teaspoon cayenne pepper Saute onion and garlic in oil until softened. Add remaining ingredients and bring to boil; reduce heat and simmer 5 minutes. Makes 1 cup. Marinate beef, chicken or pork in sauce. Brush on meat during barbecuing or broiling. Quick tip: Add 1/4 cup honey to 1 cup of your favorite prepared barbecue sauce. HONEY HERB BARBECUE SAUCE 1/2 cup honey 1/2 cup minced onion 1/4 cup dry white wine 1 tablespoon each lemon juice and chopped fresh rosemary* 1 clove garlic, minced Salt and pepper to taste Combine all ingredients in saucepan and bring to boil. Reduce heat and simmer 5 minutes. Makes 1 cup. Marinate chicken pieces at least 1/2 hour before barbecuing or broiling; brush chicken with sauce during cooking. *One teaspoon dried crushed rosemary may be substituted. HONEY LIME MARINADE 3/4 cup honey 2/3 cup fresh lime juice 1 tablespoon grated fresh ginger root 2 teaspoons minced garlic Combine all ingredients; mix well. Makes 1-3/4 cups. Marinate chicken or turkey cutlets at least 1/2 hour before grilling or broiling; brush cutlets with marinade during cooking. (Recipes courtesy of the National Honey Board) IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS BOARD MEETING NEWS The board of directors of the Iowa Honey Producers Association met March 12th in Cambridge. Highlights included planning a summer field day, the decision to sell honey lemonade instead of honey ice cream this year at the Iowa State Fair and selling of the new National Honey Board's honey cookbook. These new cookbooks are available now through the mail and will be available at the Summer Field Day in July (see article elsewhere in BUZZ). John Johnson asked for more help for staffing the State Fair Salesbooth again this year. Note was also made that the Fair is one week earlier than in recent years. Bid sheets for honey sales will be published in the June BUZZ newsletter and the work schedule sign-up in the July issue. The next meeting of the board is scheduled for Saturday June 11 at 1:00 at the Royal Cafe in Huxley. CLEO TROYER OF KALONA DIES Cleo Troyer, just 10 days shy of his 70th birthday, died Tuesday, April 19 at University of Iowa Hospitals in Iowa City. Cleo had surgery for a brain tumor at the end of March and seemed to be doing fine when he died suddenly. His funeral was April 22 at the Lower Deer Creek Mennonite Church near Kalona, where he was an active member. The church is large and was packed with family and friends. Cleo was a long time beekeeper and was active in the East Central Iowa Beekeepers. He will be remembered for the help he gave to us less experienced beekeepers and his enthusiasm for beekeeping. At past meetings he had demonstrated a bee removal vacuum he purchased, a home-made video on beekeeping that starred himself, and at the March 14 meeting a video on bee emergencies he had purchased. We will miss him. For a combined total of 26 years he was either on the City Council or mayor of Kalona. In a Cedar Rapids Gazette article about Cleo, a resident was quoted as saying Cleo knew where every line, every pipe was in Kalona, along with the history of everything. At his funeral service, many were wiping eyes and blowing noses. The community of Kalona will dearly miss him too! - Terry Dahms President, East Central Iowa Beekeepers FOR SALE: Approx. 75 - 5 11/16" honey supers with drawn comb, fair condition $2.00 each. Approx. 50 - 5 11/16" honey supers w/ and w/o frames and no comb, good condition $1.00 each. Empty deep supers (shells), fair condition $1.00 each. Several hundred unassembled 9 1/8" and 5 3/8" frames, grooved top bars. Plus lots of misc. equipment. Will sell cheap. Great for a beginner. Call (712) 589-3606 in Braddyville, Iowa. FOR SALE: CLOVER HONEY IN BARRELS OR PAILS. CALL Lapp's Bee Supply Center. 1-800-321-1960 WARNING!! The following warning was sent to Bob Cox, Iowa State Apiarist, by Mississippi's State Apiarist, Harry Fulton. Russell Apiaries, J.N. Russell proprietor, of Bolton, MS is advertising in national bee magazines but is not certified in Mississippi. The owner is refusing inspection. Packages from Russell Apiaries should not be purchased for shipment to Iowa because it would be an illegal shipment. Additionally, these bees may be carrying diseases or parasites damaging to your other colonies and your neighbor's. A HONEY OF A VERSE "The sluggard will not plow by reason of the cold; therefore shall he beg in harvest, and have nothing." (Proverbs 20:4) It's time to be in the beeyard preparing your bees to make honey. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 1994 10:26:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: tdahms@SLEDGE-PO.WEEG.UIOWA.EDU Subject: June 1994 "Buzz" - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres. East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc. internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu ps: sorry for the delay in posting. ------------------------------------------------------------------ THE BUZZ JUNE, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------ A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa Honey Producers Association (IHPA), an affiliate member of the Iowa Horticultural Society. Copy deadline is the 20th of each month. Your ideas, comments and letters are welcomed and encouraged. EDITOR: Bob Cox, State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Monies, IA. 50319 Phone: (515) 281-5736. IHPA MEMBERSHIP: Membership dues in the Iowa Honey Producers Assn. are $5.00/year. Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer. ------------------------------------------------------------------ STATE APIARISTS REPORT What a fantastic spring for the bees we have had! You can expect lots of swarming if you have not managed the bees properly. It is time to start thinking about getting supers on your colonies and preparing for the harvest. That brings up the Iowa State Fair. Get involved this year. Enter some of your best product in the apiary division or perhaps cook something with honey to enter in the food division. It doesn't matter whether your bees produce dark or light honey, liquid or comb honey, beautiful beeswax or a nice observation beehive. There is a class for everyone. Think about putting in a bid for selling honey or beeswax at the Iowa Honey Producers Association Salesbooth at State Fair. We could really use good quality product and at the same time promote our favorite industry or hobby. I am finding the Varroa mite in many places around the state this year. Beware of this mite and treat if you have them. Time is running out to treat this spring, if not already past in most areas of the state. The black locust trees are blooming now (May 23rd) and some sweet clover is starting to bloom here in central Iowa. This is the time of year to put on supers for the bees to store surplus honey. In June there are local beekeepers meetings being held in Marshalltown, Iowa City and Davenport. For specific dates, places, and times consult the "Calendar of Events." These are a great opportunity to compare notes and see how other beekeepers do things. Why not pick one closest to you and attend it? If you want to be on a list of beekeepers wanting to retrieve swarms or need bees inspected before July 1st, give me a call at (515) 281-5736. - Bob Cox CENTRAL IOWA BEEKEEPERS MEETING The Central Iowa Beekeepers Association (CIBA) will hold their summer meeting at the Anson Park Shelter House in Marshalltown June 18th at 5:30 p.m. A member appreciation meal will be cooked and served by CIBA board members for continued support of the membership. The program will follow at 6:30 p.m. featuring Bob Mitchell, Tim Laughlin and Bob Cox (Mo, Larry and Curly?) For further information contact Margaret Hala (515) 752-2981. IOWA SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY Saturday, July 23rd the Iowa Honey Producers and Central Iowa Beekeepers Association will hold a beekeeping field day at the Riverside Bible Camp near Story City, Iowa. The camp is located just 2 miles off of I-35 about 20 miles north of Ames. Registration is at 8:30 a.m. and the program will last until 4:00. Dr. Marla Spivak of the University of Minnesota Bee Research Laboratory will present a program on queen management: finding and evaluating the queen, queen selection, breeding, rearing methods, replacement and introduction methods. Everyone attending will get a copy of the new disease booklet published by the University of Minnesota. The morning will start out with a walking tour of bee plants on the grounds. Breakout sessions in the afternoon will include choices of Comb Honey Production, Pollen Trapping, Beginning Beekeeping, or Bee Diseases and Pests. The camp setting is a great place for beekeepers and their families. There is a beeyard with a screened-in observation building on the property. Some of the talks and lunch will be held in an air-conditioned retreat center. Pre-registration ($4.00 for single or family) is required for a prepared meal ($5.75 per adult) or you could bring your own lunch and eat at picnic tables outside. To register fill out the form on page 9 and send in with your check for the registration and meal. The registration fee at the door is $5.00. For further information contact Bob Cox, State Apiarist, Iowa Department of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Moines, IA 50319 (515) 281-5736 or Gordon Powell, 4012 - 54th St., Des Moines, IA 50310 (515) 278-1762. SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS FIELD TRIP Thurday, June 16th at 6:00 p.m. the Scott County Beekeepers Association will hold a beekeeping field trip. Meet at Al Gruber's beeyard at 1945 Wisconsin St. on the west side of Davenport. This will be a hands-on experience in the beeyard or you may want to watch. Anyway, bring you own hat, beeveil and other personal gear if you have it. However, come even if you do not, because we will have some extra equipment for you to use. We will identify queens, swarm cells, and other aspects of a bee colony. We will demonstrate how to make splits and requeen colonies and when to place supers on colonies for surplus honey production. Hopefully, we will not have a rainstorm again. DIRECTIONS: Turn north on Wisconsin Street off of Locust, 1 1/4 miles east of I-280. Come and bring a friend. For further information contact Ray & Jo Whitwood (319) 263-0992. HONEY OF A VERSE "John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins... And John was clothed with camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins; and he did eat locusts and wild HONEY" (Mark 1:4,6) NOSEMA IN HONEYBEES by Carol Fassbinder (Hawkeye Science Fair Winner) In the past four winters the winter kill rate for honeybees in Iowa has been 50-75%. In my science fair project I wanted to determine if Nosema disease is a contributor to such a high winter loss. I predicted that the colonies that were treated with Fumadil-B will have little or no Nosema spores, and survive winter better than the colonies that were not treated. Procedure: I tested 8 different yards (averaging 26 colonies per yard) and gathered a 25-bee sample from each. Yards #1 and #2 were treated with Fumadil-B and winter-wrapped, #3 and #4 were treated and not wrapped, #5 and #6 were not treated but wrapped, and #7 and #8 were not treated and not wrapped for winter. At each yard I recorded the number of living colonies in the spring. I then dissected the bees by removing the head, then grasping the stinger end of the abdomen, and gently removing the insides. After removing the insides from 25 bees, the gut, ventriculus and honey stomach were ground up with 25 millilters of water (1 ml per bee) with a mortar and pestle. I used a wire loop to transfer a small amount of this solution onto the hemocytometer for counting the number of Nosema spores. Under a 430 power microscope I counted the Nosema spores in 80 small squares on a special grid and used a mathematical formula to calculate the correct number of spores per bee and the level of infestation. Results: The Nosema infestation is displayed in Table 1 and the winter survival rate is shown in Table 2 on page 4. In yards #1 and #2 (Fumadil & wrapped) the average spore count was 1,667 spores per bee, and they had an average winter survival rate of 85% and the amount of dysentery was extremely low. In yards #3 and #4 (Fumadil but not wrapped) there were 24,834 spores per bee and they had an average winter survival rate of 85% and was not much dysentery dtectable at these yards. In yard #5 and #6 (no Fumadil but wrapped) the average spore count was 66,665 spores per bee, and 83% winter survival raate and there was a fair amount of dysentery on the outside of the hives, but the inside of the hives were still clean. In yards #7 and #8 (no Fumadil & not wrapped) the spore count was 152,667 spores per bee, with only 31% surviving winter and dysentery covering the front of the hives, as well as the inside of the hives. Conclusions: It appears that if the bees are either well protected for winter by wrapping or treated with Fumadil-B, their winter survival is reasonable. However, if the bees are neither treated with Fumadil-B, nor protected by wrapping, they do not survive winter well. I conclude that winter protection is more important than treating with Fumadil-B (because of the added expense). If the bees are not protected, then treatment with Fumadil-B is essential. Since other factors play a part in winter survival, more reasearch needs to be done. (Carol is a 7th grader at Valley Community School and daughter of Robert and Kathy Fassbinder , commercial beekeepers from Elgin, Iowa.) Figure 1 - Number of Nosema Figure 2 - Winter survival rate spores per bee in the spring in the spring of 1994 after of 1994 after colonies were colonies were treated with treated with Fumadil (3+4), Fumadil-B or wrapped or both wrapped (5+6), both (1+2) or or neither. neither (7+8). CALENDAR OF EVENTS JUNE 13 Eastcentral Iowa Beekeepers Meeting 7:00 p.m. in basement of Montgomery Hall, Johnson County Fairgrounds, Iowa City 16 Scott County Beekeeping Field Day 7:00 p.m. at Al Gruber's beeyard, 1945 Wisconsin St. in Davenport. 18 Central Iowa Beekeepers Dinner & Meeting 5:30 p.m. at Anson Park Shelter House in Marshalltown. Program at 6:30 25 IHPA Board Mtg. 1:00 p.m. at Royal Cafe in Huxley. JULY 13-15 Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier telephone: (814) 865-4621. 23 IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Church Camp, Story City, Iowa. Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox for further details. NOVEMBER 11-12 Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown. WHAT TO DO ABOUT SWARMING (Reprinted from the Alaska newsletter - By Dr. Clarence Collison, Mississippi State University) Swarming is an instinctive desire of honeybees to increase their numbers by reproducing at the colony level, giving them twice the chance to survive. While this behavior is not fully understood, several factors contribute to the swarming impulse. The major factor is congestion in the brood area which is related to population size and availability of space. Swarming also is associated with the production and distribution of chemicals secreted by the queen. When there is a shortage of these secretions (queen substance), the bees make queen cells in preparation for swarming or supercedure (a natural replacement of an established queen by a daughter in the same hive). Swarming also may be modified by the weather. When colonies are strong and developing, good weather following some bad weather seems to accentuate the swarming fever. Other factors that contribute to swarming include poor ventilation, a failing queen, heredity and an imbalance in the makeup of the worker bee population. Most swarming occurs during April and May in Mississippi, and you need to check the colonies every 8 to 10 days during this season. The presence of queen cells in the brood area is the first indication the colony is preparing to swarm or supercede its queen. Swarm cells are commonly found on or near the bottom bars of the combs in the upper brood chamber(s). Whereas supercedure queen cells are generally found on the face of the comb. To check quickly for swarm cells, tip back the top brood chamber(s) and look up between the frames, destroy all (unsealed) swarm cells. Unfortunately, cutting out queen cells seldom prevents swarming; it only delays it since the bees usually construct more cells in a few days. Once the bees succeed in capping a queen cell, they are committed to swarming. (Tennessee Apiculture March-April 1991) I am not hard hearted--some of the time but I have a hard time feeling sorry for people who allow their bees to swarm when they don't watch their bees. July is our usual swarming time. This year the first swarm was reported June the 5th. Caging the queen first week of July to prevent swarming won't work as well this year due to the fact that the bees are swarming early. It will do the other jobs in to brood rearing, etc., that I write about. Cutting out queen cells--my way of saying it--it is a waste of time. Why? Because even experienced beekeepers miss them and when the bees have their jogging shoes on cutting out cells will not stop them, just slow them down a few days. Separate the brood from the queen by an excluder and give an uppper entrance. Let them swarm but stay in the hive. FOR SALE: queen excluders, Kelley 33-frame extractor, sump tank, 1" pump, Dadant Wax melter, Cowen uncapper, 2 - 3000 gal. S.S. corn syrup tanks, and more. Call days (608) 568-7601 or evenings (608) 748-4706. ESPY APPOINTS NEW MEMBERS TO NATIONAL HONEY BOARD Mike Espy, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture, appointed two producer members, one exporter member and one cooperative member as well as alternates for each position to the National Honey Board. The new members' three-year terms commenced April 1 and expire on March 31, 1997. H. Binford Weaver, Navasota, Texas, was reappointed to serve as producer member representing Region 5 (Al, AR, LA, MS, MO, OK, TN and TX). Bobby E. Coy, Jonesboro, Arkansas was appointed as the alternate for Weaver. Stephen A. Conlon, Proctor, W.V. was appointed to serve as producer member representing Region 7 (CT, DL, DC, IL, IN, KY, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, RI, SC, VT, VA, and WV). David E. Hackenberg, Lewisburg, PA was appointed as the alternate for Conlon. John (Doug) McGinnis, Edgewater, FL was appointed to serve as exporter member. Robert E. Coyle, Bellevue, WA, a honey importer, was appointed as the alternate for McGinnis. Newly appointed members of the nominating committee are: Jerry A. Brown, Haddam, KS; Glenn E. Davis, Blue Springs, MO; Todd D. Larson, Billings, MT; Joann M. Olstrom, Reedsport, OR; Glen R. Wollman, Parker, SD; Donald J. Kohn, Withee, WI; and Charles D. Hannum, Arlington, VA. Reappointed for three terms on the nominations committee are: Reg G. Wilbanks, Claxton, GA; Donald T. O'Neill, Baton Rouge, LA; Jacob C. DeKorne, Ellsworth, MI; Darl B. Stoller, Latty, OH and Stephen H. Dilley, Nashville, TN. FRANK PELLETT, APICULTURE PIONEER, REMEMBERED An excellent article about the Hyssop honey plant, a member of the mint family, by Ayers and Widrlechner was published in the May 1994 American Bee Journal. In this article quite a mention of Frank Pellett was made with respect to his work on this honey plant. The following is quoted from this article: "Because of his extensive writing on the subject, Frank Pellett (1879-1951), more than anyone else, created a place in U.S. apicultural history for A. foeniculum (anise hyssop). Mr. Pellett was a well respected apiculturist. He was the Iowa State Apiarist between 1912 and 1917, a Field Editor of the American Bee Journal for many years, and then an Associate Editor of the same publication, a position he held until the end of his life. He was instrumental in the pioneering research on American foulbrood. He initiated and operated the American Bee Journal's Honey Plant Test Gardens at Atlantic, Iowa. He was a careful observer who published books on the history of American beekeeping, queen rearing, practical beekeeping, horticulture, botany and ornithology (Anonymous, 1951), but he is probably most remembered by today's beekeepers for his magnum opus, American Honey Plants, which he revised several times through his life (1920, 1923, 1930, and 1947). His proclamations about bee forage in general (and anise hyssop in particular) demanded the respect of the apicultural industry." (Anonymous. 1951. Frank Pellett 1879-1951. American Bee Journal 91:234-237). 1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn. Saturday, July 23rd Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd. Story City, IA 50248 Phone (515) 733-5271 Meeting Pre-registration $4.00 $________ (Deadline - July 16) At the door $5.00 $________ (No prepared meal available if not pre-registered)** Noon meal* in air-conditioned bldg. $5.75 $________ Through age 3 - No charge Children: Ages 4 - 10 yrs - $3.00 Ages 11 and up - full price * Includes soup, salad, BBQ sandwich & chips, bread/roll, coffee/milk/coolaid ** Picnic tables outside if you would rather bring your own lunch. 1994 MEMBERSHIP DUES: Iowa Honey Producers Association $5.00 $________ Central Iowa Beekeepers Association $4.00 $________ ================= TOTAL $________ MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO: IOWA HONEY PRODUCERS ASSN. SEND CHECK AND FORM TO: Gordon Powell 4012 - 54th St. Des Moines, IA 50310 (515) 278-1762 NAME______________________________________________________________ ADDRESS:__________________________________________________________ CITY:____________________STATE_________________ZIP________________ PHONE(____)_______________________No. of colonies_________________ 4/05/94 ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 25 Jul 1994 10:39:00 CST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: tdahms@SLEDGE-PO.WEEG.UIOWA.EDU Subject: July 1994 "Buzz" - Iowa Beekeepers Newsletter Submitted by: Terry Dahms, Pres. East Central Iowa Beekeepers Assoc. internet: terry-dahms@uiowa.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------ THE BUZZ JULY, 1994 ------------------------------------------------------------------ A newsletter published monthly as a cooperative effort by The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and The Iowa Honey Producers Association (IHPA), an affiliate member of the Iowa Horticultural Society. Copy deadline is the 20th of each month. Your ideas, comments and letters are welcomed and encouraged. EDITOR: Bob Cox, State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace Building, Des Monies, IA. 50319 Phone: (515) 281-5736. IHPA MEMBERSHIP: Membership dues in the Iowa Honey Producers Assn. are $5.00/year. Send to Gordon Powell, IHPA Treasurer. ------------------------------------------------------------------ PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE Dear Fellow Beekeepers, I think it is 1988, but my age tells me it is 1994. The bees up until now look just like they did in 1988. In April and May the bees built up like they are suppose to do. I think they look great. Our queens were accepted just like they should be in our new splits and even as we were requeening. The bees were able to work the dandelions this year, as they haven't been able to the past three to four years. There was plenty of pollen and nectar for them and the queens started laying real well. I talked to several other people that ordered two and three pound packages the middle of April, and the first of June were putting on honey supers. The bees I have looked at the post couple of days were putting honey into the cells as fast as the brood was hatching. We have to be careful not let them plug up their brood chambers and crowd the queen out of laying space. I feel that this can cause swarming. We had a nice rain a few days ago, maybe about two inches or so. This should keep the flowers blooming for the bees. The weather has been great this spring. It's a refreshing change. Don't forget the Central Iowa/Iowa Honey Producers Field Day on July 23rd at the Riverside Bible Camp north of Story City. This should be a fun day for the family. State Fair is just around the corner, too. It is not as far off as it may seem. Start planning to enter into the Apiary, Foods made with Honey or Honey-Walnut Classic competition at the fair this year. There is great fun in doing this and prize money also. An entry form for Apiary has been included on page 7. SCOTT COUNTY BEEKEEPERS ANNUAL PICNIC Sunday, July 10th at 1:00 p.m. the Scott County Beekeepers Association will hold their annual picnic at the Duck Creek Park Shelters on East Locust Street in Davenport, Iowa. A collection will be taken up to pay for fried chicken catered from Riefes Restaurant. You should bring a side dish, salad or dessert to share and your own drink and table service. Come, bring a friend and compare notes on this year's honey crop. Bring a small sample of liquid, creamed, or comb honey for others to taste. Maybe this could be a time to make plans to take some of the best honey to the state fair in Des Moines in August. REMINDER TO ALL BEEKEEPING FAMILIES Help promote our favorite product--HONEY! Bring your favorite honey-sweetened snack to the July 23rd Beekeeping Field Day at the Riverside Bible Camp, Story City, Iowa. Share a tasty honey treat with us. See the program for the meeting on page 3. (insert Leo's signature) LAPLANDERS HONEY CONFERENCE Friday, September 9th, the Laplanders Honey Conference of Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri will be held in Allerton, Iowa at the "Inn of the Six Toed Cat." Dinner will be held at 6 p.m. and the program at 7 p.m. The following day, Saturday, September 10th at 10 a.m. the Honey-Walnut Classic will also be held at the "Inn" in Allerton. Look for more details in next month's newsletter. CALENDAR OF EVENTS JULY 13-15 Eastern Apicultural Society Annual Conference in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Contact Maryann Frazier telephone: (814) 865-4621. 23 IHPA/CIBA Summer Field Day at Riverside Bible Camp, Story City, Iowa. Contact Gordon Powell or Bob Cox for further details. AUGUST 11-21 Iowa State Fair Apiary Exhibit, 2nd Floor of Agriculture Building. Come see the best! SEPTEMBER - NATIONAL HONEY MONTH 10-11 Laplanders Honey Conference 6:00 p.m. the 10th and Honey Walnut Classic 10 a.m. the 11th both at the Inn in Allerton, Iowa. NOVEMBER 11-12 Iowa Honey Producers Annual Meeting in Marshalltown. WANTED: Contact with beekeepers who collect and market Bee Pollen. We are examining the nutritional qualities of pollen from various crops, as well as seeking suitable quantities for use in our Raw Food products. Contact Raja Tamaran, Vital Health Network, P.O. Box 570, Kealakekua, Hawaii 96750 phone: (808) 328-8052 FAX (808) 329-7651. FOR SALE: Dadant 4-frame stainless extractor with motor (will handle 8 shallow frames) - $250; 40 gal. galvanized tank with 2-inch gate - $50; 12 shallow supers with comb - $5.00 ea.; 7 deep supers with frames, 2 smokers, 2 bee veils, electric uncapper. My beeyard was destroyed by fire. Contact Don Kraus, Box 275, Britt, IA 50423 phone: 515-843-3133. FOR SALE: Dadant 4-frame s/s extractor. Hand crank or power drive. $125 w/out the motor. Call Phil Ebert in Lynnville, Iowa 515-527-2639. STATE APIARISTS REPORT Please sign up to help in the State Fair Honey Booth this year. It's a great way to spend a part of a day. (see sign-up on p. 6) The number of swarms this year must be at least double that of last year. I am running that far ahead on bee swarm calls here in my office. I think this year has caught a lot of beekeepers off guard after last year's slow and poor build up. You couldn't hardly split your bees enough this spring. Stan Weiser told me of the following incident that illustrates how frustrated he became with trying to stop a colony from swarming. Stan had been reversing the hive bodies, making splits, and cutting unsealed swarms cells to prevent swarming of his dozen or so colonies in his back yard near Adel. Despite all this he watched one of his colonies swarm one morning a couple of weeks ago. It landed in the top of an evergreen tree in his yard, about 30 feet off the ground. It made him so angry that he got out his 20 gauge shot gun and shot the swarm out of the tree. As soon as the swarm was hit, it dropped to the ground like lead. Then the bees dusted themselves off and all went back into the hive from which they issued. Believe it or not! (Explanation? Stan figures that he killed the queen and the demoralized swarm simply returned home.) Field inspectors will be starting in July and August. We are delaying inspections in the early summer so that we can save hours to inspect more next spring. I have been inspecting those requesting it, mainly in central and eastern Iowa. We will have the same inspectors as last year working in the same counties, with the exception of Bob Wells, who retired last July 1st. If you would like your bees inspected, contact my office in Des Moines. (State Apiarist, Iowa Dept. of Agriculture, Wallace State Office Building, Des Moines, Iowa 50319 phone: 515-281-5736) Beekeepers who have treated their colonies with Apistan strips have been getting a clean bill of health with respect to Varroa mites. So far this year the highest levels of Varroa mites have been found in bees where the beekeeper was not aware that he had Varroa yet. Plan on treating with Apistan as soon as the honey is harvested from your colonies to avoid losses due to Varroa mites. Check any weak colonies for signs of American foulbrood disease (i.e. sunken, perforated, greasy, darkened cappings over brood with a "melted-down", gooey, chocolate-brown mass underneath the capping). These must be dealt with promptly to avoid spread to neighboring healthy colonies. The beekeeping class taught at the Des Moines Botanical Center will conclude this month with the final field trip to the beeyard to harvest honey (hopefully) and extract some honey to take home. We will meet at the beeyard Saturday, July 16th at 10:00 a.m. so that we can get done before its too hot. Don't forget the IHPA/CIBA Beekeeping Field Day July 23rd at the Riverside Bible Camp near Story City. It should be a fun day for all the family. The meeting place is air-conditioned. Save time and a dollar by preregistering now on the form on page 9. We are really looking forward to Dr. Spivak's presentation as well as the rest of the program. A LAND OF MILK AND HONEY While driving through the Wisconsin countryside I saw a sign on the side of a barn with the slogan "Bee Udderly Cool, Drink Milk and Eat Honey." Many consumers today have an even better idea--eat honey-sweetened ice cream. Ranking 8th in the nation in milk production and around 15th in honey production, Iowa is also "A Land Flowing with Milk and Honey" (Bible - Exodus 3:8). Several years ago the Iowa Honey Producers Association got the idea to sell a small serving of honey-sweetened ice cream at the State Fair Salesbooth as a way of promoting this use of honey, as well as the use of honey in general. Several other state beekeeping organizations in the upper Midwest were selling honey ice cream and thought it was a winner. For example, Nebraska Honey Producers were contracting with the University of Nebraska for producing several flavors of honey ice cream, both soft and hard. Nebraska State Apiarist, Marion Ellis, offered to let us purchase some of their mix, but transportation during the hot summer seemed a problem. We then contacted several large Iowa Dairies about making us a small batch for our needs at State Fair. Anderson-Erickson (A-E) Dairy of Des Moines seemed to be the most interested and the most convenient because the State Fair is also located in Des Moines. In order to taste the honey flavor, we felt it was important to keep the flavors simple, so we tried Honey-Vanilla and Honey-Almond premium ice cream. We contacted the National Honey Board who provided technical support (commercial recipes, etc.). The Iowa Honey Producers Association provided a nice light-colored, mild-flavored clover honey for the manufacture of the ice cream. The first two years we sold out the 7000 servings of ice cream before the end of the Fair. Many people said they loved the ice cream and asked where they could purchase more of it. In fact, the second year we collected signatures on a petition asking A-E Dairy to offer this for sale in the local grocery stores. In 1992, A-E Dairy decided to produce honey ice cream commercially using Iowa Honey Producers Honey. In spite of delays due to the new nutrition labelling requirements, Honey Almond premium all-natural ice cream will be available to super markets in their marketing area by July 1st according to David Bush, general manager, A-E Farms, Inc. Additionally, A-E Dairy is teaming up with Sioux Honey Association of Sioux City, Iowa in a joint venture to develop and market honey-sweetened light ice cream. Test marketing will begin this summer according a June 1st Des Moines Register article. Honey-sweetened yogurt, dairy spreads and juice blends are also on the drawing board. Initial ice cream flavors will include honey-vanilla, chocolate, oatmeal-raisin cookie dough, mint-chocolate truffle, honey-almond and peanut-butter cup. The product will be in pints in the "super premium" category. We hope that the proposed products will be a big success and that the promotional efforts will pay off in a greater consumption of honey in our area, increased business opportunities and a better image of honey by the public. 1994 SUMMER BEEKEEPING FIELD DAY Iowa Honey Producers & Central Iowa Beekeepers Assn. Saturday, July 23rd Riverside Bible Camp, 3001 Riverside Rd. Story City, IA 50248 Phone (515) 733-5271 8:30 a.m. Registration - $5.00 for individuals or family (at the door) Sign up for door prizes. Preregistration (before July 16) $4.00. 9:00 a.m. Bee Pasture Walking Tour Jim Cherry 9:45 a.m. COFFEE BREAK with honey-made snacks that you bring. (door prizes) 10:00 a.m. IHPA President's Welcome Leroy Kellogg 10:05 a.m. CIBA President's Welcome Arvin Foell 10:10 a.m. Queen management Lecture - Dr. Marla Spivak 11:00 a.m. Demonstration of Queen management in the beeyard 12:00 M LUNCH (door prizes) 1:00 p.m. Concurrent Sessions A. Beginning Beekeeping (beeyard) Bob Cox B. Pollen trapping Jim Cherry 1:45 p.m. Concurrent Sessions A. Beginning Bee Diseases & Pests Bob Cox B. Comb Honey Production (beeyard) John Johnson 2:30 p.m. BREAK (door prizes) 2:45 p.m. Minnesota Research Update Dr. Marla Spivak 3:15 p.m. Hot Topics in Beekeeping Panel of Speakers 4:00 p.m. ADJOURN FARM AUCTION: July 16th at 9:00 a.m. at the Bob & Phyllis Gott residence, RR 1, Box 72, west of Ollie, Iowa. FOR SALE: s/s honey extractor, s/s bottling tank, 2 large s/s tanks, honey strainer, uncapping knife, 5 gal. plastic buckets, bee blower, foundation, new frames in box and other misc. beekeeping and farm equipment. DIRECTIONS: From Iowa Hwy. 78 turn north 2 miles west of Ollie Jct. at the Golden Furrow Fertilizer Plant. Go 1 mile north and 1/8 mile west to home on the south side of the road. Follow "Auction" signs. For more info. call Phyllis at 515-667-3611. FOR SALE: 7 2-story bee hives plus misc. equipment. Contact Raymond and Jo Whitwood in Muscatine, Iowa at 319-263-0992. FOR SALE: Dadant Gasoline-powered bee blower. Contact Edwin Richardson, 2103 E. 156th St. South, Grinnell 50112. (515) 236-6034. FOR SALE: Moving--must liquidate bee operation. 175 2-story hives - $50 @; 350 Illinois supers - $6.50 @; 40 shallow supers - $40 @; honey crop from 175 colonies - $40 @; 60-70 deep boxes (some w & some w/o frames) - $2 @; 40-50 shallow supers (some w & some w/out frames) - $1.50 @; 1 box deep foundation - $135; 2 boxes Illinois foundation - $140 @; 1 box cut-comb foundation $140; Dadant 20 frame stainless extractor - $1600; stainless capping tank - $200; 50 gal. stainless holding tank; other misc. beekeeping equipment - $400 = $21,000 for Complete Bee Operation. Contact Keith & Gail Rhodes in Fairfield, Iowa (515) 469-6628. PECAN HONEYBALLS (A.B.F. contest recipe) 1 cup butter or margarine 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/4 cup honey 2 teaspoons vanilla 2 cups sifted flour 2 cups finely chopped pecans Cream butter; add honey gradually; add flour, salt & vanilla. Mix well. Add chopped nuts & mix well. Form into very small balls. Place on greased cookie sheet and bake in 300 oven 40-45 minutes. Roll hot honeyballs in powdered sugar and repeat when cool. OBSERVATION HIVES--A REAL LEARNING EXPERIENCE During my eight years experience as a beekeeper, much of the factual knowledge I've gained has come from magazines, newsletters, bee meetings and talking with other beekeepers. Recently I've added my observation hive to that list of sources of bee information. It has been a good learning experience for me and can be for you if you decide to purchase or build one. In my small operation, the observation hive gets used more every year. It's been used for a demonstration in kindergarten, a children's sermon at church, at the Iowa State Fair, two craft shows, and at Cattle Congress in Waterloo. When at home, it is found by the window in the guest bedroom. My wife and son look forward to it's appearance every year. The glass-sided hive is really valuable when retailing honey at a craft show, because it's a good attention getter. Observation hives give the opportunity to watch bee behavior. Bees can be seen filling the cells with nectar, depositing pollen and propolis, feeding each other and taking care of the queen and brood. The queen provides most of the excitement by depositing eggs in the brood nest. The Iowa State Fair is a place to "show-case" observation hives in the apiary division. This year's fair is August 11-21. The rules for this class state that the observation hive must have a standard size frame on the bottom for brood and a shallow frame or comb honey section frame above, with bees and a marked queen. Observation hives must be built with adequate ventilation or the bees will overheat and die in the Ag building with no air conditioning. They must also have a closeable opening to allow the bees to exit the hive. Extra prize money is available for the first 15 places in this class at state fair. If you need assistance or plans to build an observation hive, I would be happy to assist you. (from Summer 1994 Central Iowa Beelines and written by Tim Laughlin) HONEY BEES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION Several recent discussions across Internet computer network about bee-collected propolis and pollen have concluded that honey bees are excellent samplers of their environment. This has both good and bad aspects according to one of the pioneers in this field, Dr. Jerry Bromenshenk, University of Montana. Here are a couple of his "take home" messages concerning these insects as environmental monitors as they appeared in May Apis newsletter: 1. Honey bees serve as multi-media samplers that average the concentrations of pollutants over time and throughout large areas. Bees sample contaminants in all forms - gaseous, liquid, particulate - and can detect chemicals in their surroundings at levels often difficult, if not impossible, to detect using more conventional approaches - i.e. instrumentation. 2. Most of the contamination (at least as indicated by the concentrations measured) ends up in the bees themselves and in the pollen. Some chemicals concentrate in wax. Generally, honey seems to be less contaminated than pollen, bees, or wax. 1994 IOWA STATE FAIR WORK SCHEDULE Please indicate the day(s) and time(s) that you are willing to work by writing your name(s). Also, fill in your name, address and phone number at the bottom of the page. THURSDAY, AUGUST 11 TUESDAY, AUGUST 16 9:00-1:30____________________ 9:00-1:30____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ (Handing out samples) (Handing out samples) FRIDAY, AUGUST 12 WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 17 9:00-1:30____________________ 9:00-1:30____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ (Handing out samples) (Handing out samples) SATURDAY, AUGUST 13 THURSDAY, AUGUST 18 9:00-1:30____________________ 9:00-1:30____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ (Handing out samples) (Handing out samples) SUNDAY, AUGUST 14 FRIDAY, AUGUST 19 9:00-1:30____________________ 9:00-1:30____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ (Handing out samples) (Handing out samples) MONDAY, AUGUST 15 SATURDAY, AUGUST 20 9:00-1:30____________________ 9:00-1:30____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 1:30-6:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 6:00-9:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ (Handing out samples) (Handing out samples) NAME:________________________ SUNDAY, AUGUST 21 9:00-1:30____________________ ADDRESS______________________ 1:30-7:00____________________ 10:00-2pm____________________ _____________________________ (Handing out samples) PHONE(_____)_________________ RETURN TO: W. John Johnson RR 4, Squaw Valley Ames, IA 50010 ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 26 Jul 1994 19:05:00 +1200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: NICKW@WAIKATO.AC.NZ Subject: Honey and apple juice... Dr Roger Morse et al did quite a bit of very technical food technologist type work a few years back re: the use of honey in apple juices, etc, referring to cloudiness issues, etc. I've never bothered to keep a copy of the work, as it was not in my particular interest, but I've been asked to get ahold of it for a juice manufacturer. Can anyone on the list give me some of the references? Thanks very much. ------------------------------------- Nick Wallingford Bay of Plenty Polytechnic (East coast, N Island, New Zealand) Internet nickw@waikato.ac.nz ------------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 26 Jul 1994 08:18:58 -0400 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Mud makes good paint. -- Russian proverb" Subject: Brother Adam's "Breeding of Bees" Hi. I just finished reading Brother Adam's "Breeding of Bees". Is it possible to purchase any of the "primary races" of bees he wrote about. I have never seen more then three or four types advertised for sale. jps ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 27 Jul 1994 15:52:00 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Kerry Clark 784-2225 fax (604) 784 2299" Subject: Bee breeding: stinging I am involved in a project to select a honey bee stock with other desireable characteristics, from within a population which is resistant to tracheal mites. Do any of you know of evidence that may support (or not) the notion that the first crossing of un-related, low-aggression lines often results in high aggression, which then dissappears (regardless of selection) in subsequent generations. Kerry Clark, Apiculture Specialist B.C. Ministry of Agriculture 1201 103 Ave Dawson Creek B.C. V1G 4J2 CANADA Tel (604) 784-2225 fax (604) 784-2299 INTERNET KCLARK@GALAXY.GOV.BC.CA ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 27 Jul 1994 23:26:15 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Michael Moroney Subject: Re: Bee breeding: stinging In-Reply-To: <199407272316.AA19385@world.std.com> > Do any of you know of evidence that may support (or not) the notion that > the first crossing of un-related, low-aggression lines often results in > high aggression, which then dissappears (regardless of selection) in > subsequent generations. Well a data point of one, a hive of very nice Midnite bees I have swarmed and the new queen and whatever she mated with (possibly the Buckfast hive next door or another Buckfast hive in the area) has produced some of the meanest bees I've dealt with. I don't know about the result of the next generation; I plan to replace that queen. -Mike ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 28 Jul 1994 12:12:35 EDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Joseph Tardif Subject: Bee breeding: stinging Kerry, During the early 1970's, I used to use the Starline hybrid on occasion in my pollination business. It became quite standard procedure for me to allow only the very dark queens that might result from swarming cells or supercedures to head colonies. In quite a number of cases when I chose the resulting "Italian looking" queen, light yellow in color, there would be vicious progeny afterwards and a very mean hive. As to it disappearing, yes it sometimes did so but rarely did I allow it to continue to exist too long as I didn't want the "viciousness" to be bred into my other hives. When this started to happen with predictability, I changed over to a strain of bees and have continued to do so instead of using hybrids. My business has become again an enjoyable hobby and the predictability of a strain of a definite race adds to the enjoyment. The afore-mentioned experience happened quite some time ago and no doubt the Starline hybrid has changed considerably since. Some hobbyists enjoy them very much. But in my opinion you are correct in what you imply in your question, as I witnessed it often enough. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 28 Jul 1994 22:48:55 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Mark A. Templin" Subject: Platforms... *** Please take the time to read this simple survey and respond... *** The Carl Hayden Bee Research Center, USDA-Agriculture Research Center, Tucson AZ has labs currently involved in developing hi-technology software for various simulation models. Some examples that you may have heard of include (but are not limited to) PC-BEEPOP for DOS which simulates life expectancy of colonies infected with tracheal mites and the impact of various treatments, PC-REDAPOL for DOS which simulates crop yields for apple farmers who use bees to pollinate their trees, and many more... <> This particular survey involves determining what percent of the beekeeping community (commercial, hobbyist, or other) 1.) have personal computers and 2.) what type of PC they own and 3.) if it is an IBM/compatable--what platform they run--Windows/DOS or DOS only. This survey has personal importance due to the fact that I am currently developing simulation software which will be released as public domain on a very widespread basis--involving as many beekeepers as possible. The program will focus on the beekeeping business and the simple economics involved in beekeeping as a business including profit margin predicitions for up to 10 YEARS based on approximately 50 fully customizable variables (equipment, loans, insurance, wages, and many more...) I stongly urge the members of this List to get involved with the USDA-ARS and take advantage of the public domain software we have to offer! I will keep the List updated with my progress on my current Bee Economics model and I am always happy to answer personal questions. Please send them to my e-mail address (listed below) -- not to the List in general. Please take the time to answer my survey questions and take a poll of the people you know if you can:: 1.) Do you own/use a personal computer regularly? (yes/no) 2.) What kind (brand) of PC do you own/use? 3.) If you own an IBM/compatable--> Do you run WINDOWS/DOS or DOS-ONLY? Learning this information from as many people as possible will be an excellent help to my lab in chosing which platform to use for my program. A Macintosh version will be published. A Windows version will also be published--but most likely there will not be a DOS version to compliment. We have found that it takes at least twice as long to compose a program in Borland C++ for DOS and we feel that better than 75% of the computer-owning/using population in America has either switched to a Windows environment or purchased new computers which are seldom sold with Windows installed. ** AGAIN--I urge you to contact me and find out about all of the public domain resources at your finger tips from the USDA-ARS. PC-BEEPOP won world acclaim for its ease of use and user friendly interface. Our programs are developed with the intention of FULL PUBLIC ACCESS AND USE. We DO NOT develop programs soley for the use of other research facilities! If you have ideas or suggestions about future simulation models--PLEASE WRITE US! WE'RE DYING FOR MAIL OUT HERE! Your interaction with us is extremely valuable--after all--our research and development is for you! Please write to the following address for more information: Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS 2000 E. Allen Road Tucson, AZ 85719 %Mark Templin -OR- Write to my e-mail address: candyman@ccit.arizona.edu [University of Arizona CCIT] >> Your tax dollars working for you... << - --Mark! ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 29 Jul 1994 08:28:15 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Dave Organization: WSU CAHE USER Subject: Re: Platforms... In-Reply-To: Message of Thu, 28 Jul 1994 22:48:55 -0700 from RE: Survey I am a hobby beekeeper. 1. Use a computer almost daily. 2. Office machine - an IBM 486 with Windows. Personal machine - an AMSTRAD 8088, DOS only. Cheers, Dave pehling =========================================== | W.S.U./SNOHOMISH CO. COOPERATIVE EXTENSION | | 600 128TH ST. S.E. | | EVERETT, WA. 98208 U.S.A. | |PHONE - (206)338-2400 | |FAX - (206)338-3994 | |INTERNET CE6431@WSUVM1.CSC.WSU.EDU | ============================================ ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 29 Jul 1994 09:59:09 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Mark A. Templin" Subject: Internationally unclear?? I am sorry if I confused any of the List's international members! The research which the USDA-ARS conducts is available for query and use by ANYONE! Any interested party () is invited to survey our software or conduct further inquiries! By all means! NOTE: The "taxpayer" line was just a passing notion for the US members... No harm meant, no harm done. Cheers! --Mark! (candyman@ccit.arizona.edu--University of Arizona CCIT) ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 29 Jul 1994 10:14:41 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Mark A. Templin" Subject: Posting to the List... Survey question responses need to be sent to my personal e-mail address: "Mark Templin" candyman@ccit.arizona.edu **NOTICE** If you haven't responded just to the survey/computer questions, please do so! Numbers count! Again, post responses to the above e-mail address only--do not REPLY to the List posting. Cheers, --Mark! ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 29 Jul 1994 17:24:21 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Rick Hough Subject: 8/94 BEE-L FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) * * * * * * BEE-L FAQ * * * * * * updated July 29, 1994 (changes as compared to 7/8/94 edition) Added BEE-L Charter to "What is BEE-L" Corrected BITNET address for BEE-L list. Assorted changes in sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ What is BEE-L? Charter: BEE-L is for the discussion of research and information concerning the biology of bees. This includes honey bees and other bees (and maybe even wasps). We communicate about sociobiology, behavior, ecology, adaptation/evolution, genetics, taxonomy, physiology, pollination, and flower nectar and pollen production of bees. On the technical side: BEE-L is a computerized e-mail list. All e-mail sent to the BEE-L address is duplicated and mailed to all the current subscribers on the list. The listserver (the computer that runs the list) maintains a log (archive) of all messages, and list members may request a copy of the log. The archive has a separate file for each month, and these files are currently saved for about a year. To access the listserve computer itself (i.e. to subscribe to or unsubscribe from BEE-L, to request a log file, etc.), send e-mail to the listserver address. Don't send control messages to the BEE-L address, because the message will just be sent to everyone on the list, and the computer will not do what you wanted it to do. Note that most control messages contain the list name (BEE-L) somewhere in the command, as the listserve computer generally runs many lists at any given time. How do I post a message to BEE-L? If you are on the Internet, send an e-mail message to bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu If you are on BitNet, address your e-mail to bee-l@ALBNYVM1.BITNET Any message received at these addresses will be duplicated and mailed to everyone currently subscribed to the BEE-L list. How do I subscribe to, or unsubscribe from BEE-L? Send mail to the listserve computer (from the Internet the address is listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu from BitNet, the address is listserv@ALBNYVM1.BITNET To SUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must contain the line: SUBSCRIBE BEE-L You may abbreviate SUBSCRIBE with SUB. Be sure to substitute your real name for the placeholder. You do not need quotes or any other delimiters surrounding your name. The listserve computer will determine your address from the "From:" header in your message. To UNSUBSCRIBE, the body of your message must contain the line: SIGNOFF BEE-L You may substitute either UNSUBSCRIBE or UNSUB for the SIGNOFF in this command to remove your subscription to the list If your address has changed since you subscribed, this command will fail - write to YOUR local POSTMAST/POSTMASTER/POSTMSTR id for assistance. If that fails, then write to OWNER-BEE-L @ for assistance. If that fails, then write one of the following (these are typical addresses that should be forwarded to a person who can answer your question): POSTMASTER@ POSTMAST@ POSTMSTR@ Note: = ALBNYVM1.BITNET if you are on BitNet. = uacsc2.albany.edu if you are on Internet). To avoid this problem, UNSUBSCRIBE from BEE-L before you move to a new e-mail address, and then resubscribe from your new address. How do I get help using the listserver? Send a message to the listserver, with the one word HELP in the body of the message. Address the message to listserv@albnyvm1.bitnet if you are on BitNet, or address it to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu if you are on the Internet. The listserver will mail a help document back to you. Sending the message INFO ? will cause the listserver to mail you a list of additional help documents that are available. These additional documents are requested by sending the message INFO (be sure to substitute the desired document name for ) sci.agriculture.beekeeping FAQ 7/28/94 This is FAQ #3 for sci.agriculture.beekeeping. To have this FAQ archived in news.answers, it needs to be submitted following a rigorous template. It is about halfway done. Later this month I'll submit this FAQ. (Adam) Pointers To Apicultural Information On The Internet sci.agriculture.beekeeping USENET newsgroup bee-l@uacsc2.albany.edu Listserv List To subscribe to bee-L, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line in the body of your message: SUBSCRIBE bee-L To get help on how to run the listserver, send e-mail to listserv@uacsc2.albany.edu with one line in the body of your message: HELP To send a message to all current BEE-L subscribers, mail it to bee-L@uacsc2.albany.edu. Beekeeping Home Page (world wide web) http://alfred1.u.washington.edu:8080/~jlks/bee.html (thanks to Jordan L.K. Schwartz, JLKS@u.washington.edu) Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Colorado State University http:// www.colostate.edu/Depts/Entomology/ent.html Entomology World Wide-Web Server at Iowa State University http:// www.public.iastate.edu/~entomology/ sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu Anonymous ftp sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu Gopher (comments on the above to postmaster@sun1.oardc.ohio-state.edu) crl.com Anonymous ftp password /users/ro/robbee/BEE> +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+% % robbee@crl.com box 721 healdsburg ca 95448 % +%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+%+% sunsite.unc.edu Anonymous ftp, gopher, telnet /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/beekeeping/newsletters/apis ftp.ucdavis.edu Anonymous ftp /pub/extension/4h-youth/bee-keeping Questions about accessing these sources may be answered locally or by reading news.answers, news.announce.newusers or by writing me, and I'll try to point you in the best direction.(adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu) Please don't be afraid to ask! Beekeeping FAQ's (frequently asked questions) Via email. How to USE: Internet E-Mail a message addressed to:@beeneet.com on subject line put the name of the FAQ: For example, to get Hint.103, Honey Adulteration, send E-Mail to HINT.103@beeneet.com, with a subject line HONEY ADULTERATION. that's all, you are welcome to add a message. Mail runs are 6am & 6pm. FAQ Last update 7-11-94 name * NEW or UPDATED _________ HINT.IND THIS INDEX * ambee.fed Info-Joining American Beekeeping Federation * apimon95.txt Info- APIMONDIA 1995 Meeting mead.lst How to join the Mead list mail bee-l.faq How to Join the Bee-L list mail & find FAQ's import.relief Letter to Congress, William J. Clinton (1994) usda-bee.lab Address & Info on Sending Dead bee samples (1992) formic.txt Warning on use of Formic Acid by beekeepers (1992) propolis Jerry Bromenshenk on PROPOLIS (1993) 4-H.txt 4-H joins the Internet (1993) FSHEET11 INFORMATION US BEEKEEPING HINT.101 SOURCES OF BEEKEEPING INFORMATION HINT.102 HONEY AND ITS USES HINT.103 HONEY ADULTERATION HINT.104 FLORIDA BEE INSPECTION HINT.105 FLORIDA BEARS AND BEEKEEPING HINT.106 HONEY HOUSE SANITATION HINT.107 FLORIDA HONEY LABELING REGULATIONS HINT.108 PRODUCING SECTION (COMB) HONEY HINT.109 EXHIBITING HONEY HINT.110 SAMPLE POLLINATION AGREEMENT HINT.111 SOLAR BEESWAX RENDERING AND HINTS FOR EXHIBITING WAX BLOCKS HINT.112 EXTENSION APICULTURAL VISUAL AIDS HINT.113 USING HONEY IN LARGE-QUANTITY RECIPES HINT.115 GOOD NEIGHBOR GUIDELINES AND ORDINANCES HINT.116 CHALKBROOD RECOMMENDATIONS HINT.117 HONEY MARKETING SURVEY HINT.118 PRODUCING POLLEN HINT.119 FINANCIAL MANGEMENT FOR BEEKEEPERS HINT.120 UPWARD VENTILATION HINT.121 WAX MOTH CONTROL HINT.122 BEE STINGS AND REACTIONS HINT.123 EXTENSION APICULTURE IN FLORIDA HINT.124 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RATIOS FOR BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS HINT.125 PRESERVING WOODENWARE IN BEEKEEPING OPERATIONS HINT.126 THE VALUE OF POLLINATION BY HONEY BEES HINT.127 THE VARROA BEE MITE HINT.128 INFANT BOTULISM AND HONEY HINT.129 HONEY JUDGING AND STANDARDS HINT.130 USING THE HONEY REFRACTOMETER HINT.131 OBSERVATION BEE HIVES All Hints courtesy of Malcolm T. Sanford, Cooperative Extension Service University of Florida, Gainesville, Fl Internet address:mts@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu beenet.com is a service for Beekeepers & Friends operated by Andy Nachbaur. Thanks to Andy Nachbaur (Andy.Nachbaur@beenet.com) for putting this together. Honey Hotline NHB Food Technology Program 1 -800-356-5941 P.O. Box 281525 415-340-3568 (FAX) San Franscisco, CA 94128-1525 USA The American Apitherapy Society, Inc. P.O. Box 124, Woodsville, NH 03785 603-747-2507 (V,F) Mead lovers list: mead-lovers-request@eklektix.com mead mailing list (subscribe, unsubscribe, etc) mead-lovers@eklektix.com (to send message to all current mead-lover subscribers) The Mead Association P.O. Box 4666 Grand Junction, CO 81502 1-800-693-MEAD outside US 303-442-9111 Mead book list: for a good list of books on mead mail: jkl2@Ra.MsState.edu ask for book list. Printed Beekeeping Reference Source For an extensive list of Australian beekeeping references e:mail adent@deakin.edu.au (Thanks Adrian) For British beekeeping references and general British bee information, e:mail roe@crosfield.co.uk (Thanks Malcolm) John Mcghee, VA Dept of Agriculture Apiary Inspector wishes questions from, and has a list of resources for *beginning beekeepers*. He will focus on practical management and the first years for beekeepers. e:mail mcghee@hopper.itc.virginia.edu Dr. Rick Fell, Apiculture/Entomology professor and researcher at VA Tech is available for questions, comments and queries. e:mail rfell@vt.edu For historical bee lore questions (bees knees), and bee lore info e:mail jwg2y@poe.acc.virginia.edu (thanks Warner) If anyone would like to "keep" a list of beekeeping references, making it available to other beekeepers on the internet, send us your e:mail address and ideas. This will save space on the FAQ. I'm surprised nobody has volunteered. We need experts to answer questions and curate specialized apicultural information sites on the internet. Speak up! Let's go! Maybe this is not clear? For example: Someone coming up with a list of all the useful beekeeping books. Make a bibliography, update it, nurture it if you will, and we'll put you (we will make a *pointer* to you) on the FAQ as the source for this specific information. This structure for information archival/retrieval is very efficient and powerful. We need you! Read the FAQ at the end of this doc. for ideas. BOMBUS A mailing list dedicated to Bumblebees!! To subscribe, send a message to bombus-request@csi.uottawa.ca. To send a message to everyone on the list, mail it to bombus@csi.uottawa.ca. The Bombus list is maintained by Chris Plowright (plowright@csi.uottawa.ca) FAQ List The following list of frequently asked questions was compiled by Rick Hough (rshough@tasc.com) Thank you Rick for a fine job. Folks? Please answer some of these questions if you can find time. (you'll get your name in the FAQ!) Why did my beehive die? What is the difference between Honey Bees and other stinging insects? How do I recognize a honey bee? Why do Bees Sting? What Should I do if there are bees flying all around me? What is the best treatment for a bee sting? What about allergic reactions? Is it true that all bees/honeybees will more likely attack things that are tall/dark/furry-hairy/smelly (what kind of smells?) ? What is Apitherapy? What is an African Bee, and how do I recognize it? Why are African Bees called "Killer Bees?" Are African Bees really dangerous? Do I have to worry about African Bees? (will African Bees be moving into my neighborhood?) How far north will the "killer Bees" get, and when? How do I get rid of Yellow Jackets? Bibliography of children's books on bees. Bibliography of beekeeping texts. Bibliography of biology (habitat, parasites, etc.) Protective gear. Finding Queens. Regulatory and research people and their addresses. AHB Progress and news. What is the National Honey Board? How do I find a local beekeeper? What is a swarm -are they dangerous Are their different races of honeybees? What are they and how do they differ? Supering. Pollen Production. Honey Production. Queen Rearing. Social Order. Lore. Bee Deterrent? Swarm removal. Thanks, Rick rshough@tasc.com Adam adamf@vtaix.cc.vt.edu ====================================================================== ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 30 Jul 1994 08:48:47 PDT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adrian Wenner Subject: Re: Bee breeding: stinging >> Do any of you know of evidence that may support (or not) the notion that >> the first crossing of un-related, low-aggression lines often results in >> high aggression, which then dissappears (regardless of selection) in >> subsequent generations. > Mike, I read that the original German bees were not really mean but that it was the crosses with Italian bees in the mid 1800s that turned out mean. Adrian *************************************************************** * Adrian Wenner E-Mail wenner@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu * * Department of Biology Office Phone (805) 893-2838 * * University of California Lab Phone (805) 893-2838 * * Santa Barbara, CA 93106 FAX (805) 893-4724 * ***************************************************************