========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 08:43:27 GMT+2 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: MIKE ALLSOPP Organization: N.I.P.B VREDENBURG Subject: Cape Bees in Europe Greetings all As there have now been a number of messages along this thread, I thought I had better add my two cents. Cape bees (Apis mellifera capensis) have been used for scientific research in Europe for about two decades. Aspects of capensis biology is currently being investigated in at least three European countries and at least five institutions. Data has previously been published to indicate that capensis workers do sometimes drift into European colonies where they cause problems and occasionally colony loss - but this situation seems to pose no threat as the Cape workers all seem to die during winter. Some opinions: (1) After such a long time I don't believe capensis in Europe constitutes a serious risk. (2) Nonetheless, perhaps research on Cape honeybees (which could be of advantage to beekeeping in Europe) is best carried out in the Cape. Some observations: (1) Murray McGregor's comment on capensis in Britain in the 1920's is interesting. I had not heard of this, but it is entirely possible. If anyone knows more details about this, please let me know. (2) The three beekeepers mentioned by Martin Braunstein (Dirk de Klerk, Brett Falconer & Theunis Engelbrecht) are all still very much involved in commercial beekeeping in South Africa, the capensis problem notwithstanding. regards Mike Allsopp Stellenbosch, South Africa Mike Allsopp tel (27)(21) 887-4690 Honeybee Research Section fax (27)(21) 883-3285 Plant Protection Research Institute pmail plant3/vredma Agricultural Research Council email vredma@plant3.agric.za P/Bag X5017 Stellenbosch 7599 South Africa ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 06:26:50 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: John M Thorp Subject: Re: More money for the honey board Sue Bee is the only one I've ever seen do it. Take Care and GBY,John in Homestead,also at On Sun, 30 Nov 1997 02:50:54 -0500 Edward A Craft Jr writes: >>On Sat, 29 Nov 1997 08:08:55 -0600 curtis spacek >>writes: >>>I don't know about the rest of you,but I have yet to see a >commercial,a >>>bill-board,or even a sign along the side of the road promoting >honey. >> > I've seen TV commercials from SUE BEE > > > > >Ed Craft >14887 Oldham Dr >Orlando, FL 32826 > ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 22:10:34 +1000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: j h & e mcadam Subject: Re: Funny reaction to dog bone Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Garth wrote about the reaction of a hive of bees to a dog bone placed in their entrance. I don't think it matters what the obstacle is, the reaction is likely to be the same. In my early experiments with moving hive I used to close the entrances with newspaper dipped in water and plugged into the entrance. On one occasion I left a gap big enough for several bees. By the time I was ready to load that hive several had become a mass of bees all over the newspaper and front of hive, even though it was pitch dark. They had not returned to the hive even after 30 minutes. Eventually I had to remove all traces of newspaper from about the entrance and sprinkle water on the mass of bees before they retreated and I could close it properly. Sprinkling water on aggressive or flighty bees is highly successful as they cannot fly with wet wings. I have seen a demonstration of a swarm capture by misting the outside layer of bees with a hand held garden spray device of water. The whole swarm was then transferred to the box without any taking to the air. I now use a strip of foam rubber to close hives, bought from a bedding store. The strips are about 1 inch thick and of sufficient length to allow a margin of error at each end. I can lay the whole strip along the entrance and hold it firmly with one hand while compressing it into the entrance with a hive tool, working from one edge to the other. Bees on the entrance are pushed back inside by the foam rubber. The seal is not airtight, which I think is an advantage, but unsealing is a breeze - just grab an end, pull and shake and the bees have generally not even noticed you. Betty McAdam HOG BAY APIARY Penneshaw, Kangaroo Island j.h. & e. mcadam Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: MIKE ALLSOPP Organization: N.I.P.B VREDENBURG Subject: Pesticides - HUNTER Greetings all Is there anybody out there that has any information or experience concerning the effect of the insecticide/miticide HUNTER (which is chlorfenapyr or chlorphenapyr) on honeybees? thanks Mike Allsopp Stellenbosch, South Africa Mike Allsopp tel (27)(21) 887-4690 Honeybee Research Section fax (27)(21) 883-3285 Plant Protection Research Institute pmail plant3/vredma Agricultural Research Council email vredma@plant3.agric.za P/Bag X5017 Stellenbosch 7599 South Africa ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 16:06:22 GMT+0200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Garth Organization: Rhodes University South Africa Subject: Re: AHB Buzz In-Reply-To: > Africanized bees can live in cavities of > just about any size, be they curbside > meter boxes, attics, even in empty flowerpots, > but they need to nest in the protection > of a cavity. And they can also live in non cavity areas and just build themselves a cover of propolis - the so called 'Krantz bee' the name given to african bees that build nests on ledges in cliffs is notorius for stinging power. African bees can quite easily nest in the open. > control agencies will handle calls about > swarms, and emergency personal are being > trained to deal with stinging incidents. > Private pest control companies will do the > actual removing of swarms. Some poeple will be getting very rich. Clever agencies!! > Although they might seem like natives, > honeybees were taken from Asia to > Europe ages ago, and then to the Americas in > the mid 17th century. Sounds a bit wrong to me. Honeybees from asia were taken to europe in the period between the 70's to the late eighties and thus varroa was spread. Honeybees have been in europe for many hundreds of thousands of years, as they have been in africa. > discouraged, to increase pollination. "Bees > and people can coexist," he said. In Zimbabwe it is legal I believe to keep bees in Harare (their capital city). These bees are very definitely AHB's and will roast anybody who lifts a hive lid - but people adapt and keep bees. They work hives at dusk and dark and if bees sting some one it is a fact of life and you run away. People adapt. > Africanized bees: Defend up to half a mile. > TIME BEES TAKE TO ANGER > European bees: 19 seconds > Africanized bees: 3 seconds > OTHER COMMON BEES And that depends a lot on how much honey they have and how hot it is. If they have a lot of honey, they may just give some one a few stings for being near bye to move you away. Hence people that farm with scut's will often try to rob the bees regularily. Just thought I would correct those few mistakes in the original text. Keep well Garth --- Garth Cambray Kamdini Apiaries 15 Park Road Apis melifera capensis Grahamstown 800mm annual precipitation 6139 Eastern Cape South Africa Phone 27-0461-311663 3rd year Biochemistry/Microbiology Rhodes University Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this post in no way reflect those of Rhodes University. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 13:55:03 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: QUB Subject: For Attn of list organizer (DELETE THIS) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Hi, This message is for the list organizer . Can you check my address details and privilages as for some reason my ablity to search the database comes up with the ... access denied message... ?? Also, I get the same message when I use ..review..? Yours Philip Earle j.a.p.earle@qub.ac.uk ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 16:56:08 GMT+0200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Garth Organization: Rhodes University South Africa Subject: Re: Could The Cape Bee Probelm Happen In the Northern Murray McGregor Wrote: Hi Murray and All First thanks Murray for an interesting post. I orignally posted the idea just because I thought of it, and wondered to myself if, just like in South Africa (where the cape bee has only recently become a problem) if there could be abackground population of the bees that will be selected for amongst other things because they are resistant to varroa. I believe actually they have been kept in many areas in europe including germany and britain. >In the first of the two articles it appears to assume that because >of the presence of a laying Cape worker in a European colony that >any queen raised the following year WILL be pure Cape. I don't know >enough about the South African situation to know if this is the >case, and would appreciate clarification as to whether that is >definitely so, but it seems to me that the percentage risk of the >new queen being Cape would only be broadly in proportion to the >number of eggs the queen and laying worker were producing, and even >then only in an emergency cell situation (which includes deliberate >grafting), although, in the presence of a laying worker it would be >difficult to get these cells drawn. I don't know if the laying >worker ever deliberately lays in swarm cells or not. The problem is more that the laying worker will lay eggs whether a queen is present or not. Should the orignal queen for some reason die, she will not be superceded as laying workers already exist and emit more queen pheremones than the host hives queen would have. Hence the laying workers will raise a new queen when they see fit. The cape worker bee will develop ovaries in the presence of any queen except a cape queen - and even then I have seen a number of hives with a queen and laying workers up in the supers. The other thing to bear in mind is that a laying worker hive is not actually that. It is more like a laying workers hive - with lots all laying away and making a big mess and one gets a brood pattern that looks not unlike the foulbroods - so often the hives would be easily identified and blatted. Which countries have rulings on burning hives with the foulbroods and other diseases when it is known that one can use antibiotics?? >If only a small proportion of these colonies went on to produce Cape >queens AND remain genetically pure (incidentally, what will they >mate with?), then the total impact here would quickly stabilise with >slightly increased winter losses. If ALL do then we definitely will >have a problem. However, a diploid egg from a worker must surely be >effectively a clone of that worker, and thus be the product of both >the original Cape queen and whatever drone was responsible for >fertilising the egg which went on to produce the laying worker, and Yes, but they have the ability to reproduce through workers alone, so slowly the number of cape bees hiding in hives will increase. Some of these will produce queens and in some cases these queens will produce drones. A cape bee drone, being haploid is a pure cape bee drone. There is some belief that there is quite a lot of incompatibility between the two bee groups (african and european) so a hybrid would be unhealthy, but a true breeding bee not. African bees also have more competitive drones. >thus, if matings are with European drones, the bees will become >genetically more and more dilute with each passing generation. The >absence of difficulties with Cape bees in the UK today tends to make >me believe that natural selection would eliminate the problem. But has anybody ever looked? >Obviously the first article is from a source which knows a great >deal more about the Cape bee than I ever will and is talking from a >position both of knowledge and experience, but I feel that calm >reflection on a percieved problem is probably more appropriate than >starting a scare I actually know very little about the whole thing, and was just expressing an opinion that is founded on my beliefs about introducing species to area where they don't belong - and that sometimes it is less embarrasing to identify a problem than just to let it go away until everyone assumes that a hive which dies out in winter but was perfectly healthy the rest of the year is normal. And it is also possible that a laying worker or two could overwinter in a healthy hive and then when spring comes and swarms happen, it would take over a bit. Sorry to have seemed alarmist. Was just thinking. Keep well Garth PS - thanks for the nice reply Murray! I enjoyed it. --- Garth Cambray Kamdini Apiaries 15 Park Road Apis melifera capensis Grahamstown 800mm annual precipitation 6139 Eastern Cape South Africa Phone 27-0461-311663 3rd year Biochemistry/Microbiology Rhodes University Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this post in no way reflect those of Rhodes University. ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 17:11:16 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Bernard Heymans Subject: Re: AHB Buzz Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi all, Bees have been moved from Asia to Europe??? I doubt that: Who did it? Bees are know to be used for at least 3.500 years in europ/ middle east. Even Americans read the bible: Didn't Mo=EFse cross Sina=EF? Wasn't Israel known as the land of "honey and milk"? Why should bees not move through the continent? Don't forget that eurasia is ONE BIG CONTINENT for millions of years... that the bees are on it for very long time....=20 "Asian" bees are not more and not less that "the bee" adapted to local conditions... exactly the same way as "africans" and "europeans" ones= have... What is amazing is that "african" and "asians" are different: they evolued from the same "bee" in more or less sames conditions.... =20 The area where "european bees" live come in contact with both of them... You can also call the european bee by a name as "the bee that resist freeze".... My believe is that the feral bee in Kanchakta/ vladivostok/Mongolia,.... is the "european" one... And by the way : HAVING CONTACT WITH VARROA FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS, THEY SHOULD HAVE A CLEANING BEHAVIOUR AGAINST IT. ( correct? wrong?) Bernard. At 16:06 1/12/97 GMT+0200, you wrote: >> Africanized bees can live in cavities= of >> just about any size, be they curbside >> meter boxes, attics, even in empty= flowerpots, >> but they need to nest in the protection >> of a cavity. > >And they can also live in non cavity areas and just build themselves >a cover of propolis - the so called 'Krantz bee' the name given to >african bees that build nests on ledges in cliffs is notorius for >stinging power. African bees can quite easily nest in the open. > >> control agencies will handle calls about >> swarms, and emergency personal are being >> trained to deal with stinging incidents. >> Private pest control companies will do the >> actual removing of swarms. > >Some poeple will be getting very rich. Clever agencies!! > > >> Although they might seem like natives, >> honeybees were taken from Asia to >> Europe ages ago, and then to the Americas in >> the mid 17th century. > >Sounds a bit wrong to me. Honeybees from asia were taken to europe in >the period between the 70's to the late eighties and thus varroa was >spread. Honeybees have been in europe for many hundreds of thousands >of years, as they have been in africa. > > >> discouraged, to increase pollination. "Bees >> and people can coexist," he said. > >In Zimbabwe it is legal I believe to keep bees in Harare (their >capital city). These bees are very definitely AHB's and will roast >anybody who lifts a hive lid - but people adapt and keep bees. They >work hives at dusk and dark and if bees sting some one it is a fact >of life and you run away. People adapt. > >> Africanized bees: Defend up to half a mile. >> TIME BEES TAKE TO ANGER >> European bees: 19 seconds >> Africanized bees: 3 seconds >> OTHER COMMON BEES > > >And that depends a lot on how much honey they have and how hot it is. >If they have a lot of honey, they may just give some one a few stings >for being near bye to move you away. Hence people that farm with >scut's will often try to rob the bees regularily. > >Just thought I would correct those few mistakes in the original text. > >Keep well > >Garth > >--- >Garth Cambray Kamdini Apiaries >15 Park Road Apis melifera capensis >Grahamstown 800mm annual precipitation >6139 >Eastern Cape >South Africa Phone 27-0461-311663 > >3rd year Biochemistry/Microbiology Rhodes University > >Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this post in no way >reflect those of Rhodes University. > > ********************************************************************* * Bernard Heymans bheymans@informix.com *=20 * Informix Bruxelles tel -32-2 - 711.11.30 * * Support Contract Specialist fax -32-2 - 711.11.22 * ********************************************************************* ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 09:28:52 -0600 Reply-To: allend@internode.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology Comments: Authenticated sender is From: Allen Dick Subject: Repost: Best of BEE MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Want to reduce your email, but still read and participate in most of the worthwhile discussions from BEE-L? Best of Bee now has 425 subscribers -- over half the total number of BEE-L subscribers. Subscribing to 'Best of Bee' will bring you only selected and edited posts from BEE-L. This is a reduction of 10 to 90% in mail flow (about 50% in recent days). This option is best suited to experienced beekeepers and others who wish to avoid very basic discussions, chatter, flames, misdirected posts, loooonnggggg quotes and 'me too' responses but still track the significant activity on the BEE-L mailing list. How to receive Best of Bee: Send email to HoneyBee@systronix.net, saying JOIN BESTOFBEE you@whatever.com Replace 'you@whatever.com' in the above command with the actual email address to which you want the list to be sent -- (usually yours). IMPORTANT: If you are a BEE-L subscriber and want to turn off BEE-L without losing the privilege of posting to BEE-L in response to BEE-L messages received on 'Best of Bee', send email to LISTSERV@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU saying SET BEE-L NOMAIL or NEW: Visit http://www.beekeeping.co.nz/beel.htm to update or change your BEE-L subscription options. For more information, send email to bees@systronix.net, saying SEND BESTBEE in the subject line. You will receive a text file within a day or so. For those who want to know more about the selection and editorial policies of Best of Bee, send email to bees@systronix.net, saying SEND CRITERIA in the subject line. --- Allen ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 12:40:23 +0200 Reply-To: jtemp@xs4all.nl Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Jan Tempelman Organization: Home Subject: Re: Microwave/extractor MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable 1 Also the heating of honey will distroy the enzyme, Diastase, Invertase, Glucose-oxydase, Phosphatase and Katalase. (in the microwave they disappear in minutes!!!) If you feel that honey is nothing more than a sugar with a funny taste, then the HMF content is not important. But if you find that honey is beneficial for your health because of the hundreds of other valuable ingredients, then..... DON'T HEAT IT UP, never !!! 2 Of all the enzymes in honey (diastase, invertase, glucose-oxidase, phosphatase and katalase), glucose-oxidase is the most volatile (most sensitive for heating) Heating for 40 minutes at 70=B0C (160=B0F) will eliminate glucose-oxidase. 1 is from >>http://www.xs4all.nl/~jtemp/hmf.html 2 is from http://www.xs4all.nl/~jtemp/H2O2.html Garth wrote: > Hi All > > Extracted ten supers today annd was thinking about ways of making the > proccess more efficient. > > Honey is very dense and absorbs microwaves rapidly. Warm honey is > more fluid than cold. Warm wax blows out more easily. > > If one had the frames passing throuugh a microwave beem, then the > microwaves would heat the honey faster than the wax and it would > fling out almost instantly reducing the weight of the frame and > therefore any increased heat of the wax thereafter would be less of a > problem. A sensor on the side of the drum could detect the heat of > honey coming out and then switch the beem on and of. (beem or beam??) > > I just thought this of this today and figured it sounded too bizarre > to actually try myself as would cook some part of myself, but maybe > somewhere somebody knows how to work with such things and could give > it a try? > > Just a thought > > Garth > > PS it would also help with filtering as the honey would be prewarmed. > --- > Garth Cambray Kamdini Apiaries > 15 Park Road Apis melifera capensis > Grahamstown 800mm annual precipitation > 6139 > Eastern Cape > South Africa Phone 27-0461-311663 > > 3rd year Biochemistry/Microbiology Rhodes University > > Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this post in no way > reflect those of Rhodes University. -- Jan Tempelman / Ineke Drabbe | EMAIL:jtemp@xs4all.nl Sterremos 16 3069 AS Rotterdam, The Netherlands Tel/Fax (SOMETIMES) XX 31 (0)10-4569412 http://www.xs4all.nl/~jtemp/index3.html ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 15:16:38 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: beula Subject: Re: mites! Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Can ya see a mite with the naked eye? ______________________- ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 13:03:41 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Andy Nachbar Subject: Re: mites! In-Reply-To: <199712012016.PAA151128@chickasaw.gate.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" If you can see this "." or that "'" then you can see the vampire mites as they are bigger then this or that. ttul, the OLd Drone At 03:16 PM 12/1/97 -0500, you wrote: > Can ya see a mite with the naked eye? > > ______________________- > > ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 16:24:10 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Al Needham Subject: Re: mites! There are photos of mites at some Bee web-sites. If I recall correctly P-O Gustafsson may have a photo on his site: http://www.kuai.se/~beeman Maybe someone else can suggest some other sites so that you can 'see for yourself' what you are looking for. V-mites that is. Al, ----------------------------------------------------------- awneedham@juno.com - Scituate,MA,USA The Beehive- Educational Honey Bee Site http://www.xensei.com/users/alwine/ ========================================================================= Date: Mon, 1 Dec 1997 17:17:42 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Victor Kroenke Subject: Re: More money for the honey board MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Just keep in mind "the greatest lie ever told". I'm from the government and I'm here to help you. > ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 00:28:59 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: beula Subject: Re: mites! Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" >P-O Gustafsson may have a photo on his site: > >http://www.kuai.se/~beeman Thank you sir. I shall find out. I shall go there and see. :) Nice of you to answer. ====================================== ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 01:49:20 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "" Subject: Wicwas Press December Book Sale Comments: To: AAPA-L@unlvm.unl.edu Wicwas Press Inventory Reduction Sale December 1 - 31, 1997 Limited to stock on hand, no returns, no backorders, no special orders To: Internet Beekeepers From: Larry Connor, Wicwas Press, LLC (Serving the beekeeping industry since 1975) Re: Inventory Reduction Sale NOTE: If you do not want to read about a sale on beekeeping books, stop now! If not, here is the story: HELP! I NEED ROOM FOR NEW BEE BOOK TITLES!!! While checking inventory, I realized that I had some "old drones" (books which been in print a long, long time) and a few "old maids" (books which have been on the shelf for a while but have not yet been invited to a new home). There are also a few titles which I thought would sell to beekeepers but didn't (home brewing, for example). So, here is a list of titles, arranged by author, title, number on hand, list price and sale price. All books are new. A few are a bit worn from travel. All are offered at prices 25% to 75% off the list price. Postage is extra. If you pay by Visa, MasterCard or American Express, I will bill you the actual postage plus $1 per order for packing materials. Specify Book Rate or Priority Mail. No UPS. Airborne Express upon request at cost. Prepayment Required! Send check or money order to Wicwas Press, LLC Attn: Dr. Larry Connor, P.O. Box 817 Cheshire, CT 06410-0817. Phone and Fax 203 250 7575 (start your fax when you hear machine) email at LJCONNOR@AOL.COM Or Send your credit card number and expiration date by mail OR phone to digital voice mail OR email at your own risk. PLEASE DO NOT email your credit card information to the entire email list!!!! In all cases, I must have your name, mailing address, city, state/province (country) and zip/postal code. Please include your Phone number, Fax number and Email address. Your email order request will hold the order for ten days maximum. AUTHOR: TITLE (NUMBER), LIST PRICE, SALE PRICE UNTIL 31 DECEMBER 1997 Adams: Long box hive and its operation (6), $14.95, sale $9.95 (closeout) Boon/Groc: Natures Handbook, Native Plant Communities of Great Plains (2), $45, sale $29.95 (closeout) Connor et al: Asian apiculture (Proceedings of first international symposium on Asian honey bees and bee mites) (71), $79.95, sale $29.95 Crane: World perspective in apiculture (5), $15, sale $3.75 Diemer: Bees and Beekeeping (5), $20, sale $13.95 (closeout) Field: Honey by the ton. (10) $14, sale $9.50 (closeout) Fichtl/Adi: Honeybee flora of Ethiopia (this is a beautiful book, in full color. Want a honey plants book for tropical climes? Here it is), (3) $127, sale $95 (closeout) Hansen: Enfermedades de la cria (Spanish only), (8) $14.50, sale $10.50 (closeout) Holldobler/Wilson: The ants (the Pulitizer Prize winner) (2), $75, sale $55 (closeout) Hooper: Guide to bees and honey (94) $17.95, sale $9.95 Jaycox: Beekeeping Tips and Topics (124) $10.95, sale $5.95 Kelvin: Asiatic hive bee (4), $40, sale $28 Koch: Evaluating beer, $25.95, sale $13.95 (closeout) Morse: Honey bee pests, predators & diseases, SECOND EDITION (35), $45, sale $11.25 (closeout) Naile: America's master of bee culture: Life of Langstroth (15), $14.95 , sale $8.95 Oster/Wilson: Caste and ecology of social insects (8), $15.95, sale $10.95 (closeout) Riches: A handbook of beekeeping, $29.95 (8), sale $12.95 (closeout) Rinderer: Honey bee genetics and breeding (5), $119.00, sale $60 (closeout) Root: Eyewitness Account of American Beekeeping (7), $6.95, sale $3.95 Schermerhorn: Great American beer cookbook (6), $25, sale $16 Smith: Proceedings of AIA meeting (year tracheal mites were discovered in USA) (5), $18, sale $8 Taber: Breeding super bees (12), $18.95, sale $9.95 Verma: Beekeeing in integrated mountain development (7), $59, sale $25 Verma: The honey bee in mountain agriculture (9), $61, sale $25 To place your order, email me a list of the books you want. Indicate if you want more than one copy (books are great gifts for other beekeepers, researchers and students)! Use one of the payment methods to send payment. No shipments will be made until payment is received. ALL TITLES SUBJECT TO PRIOR SALE! Respond early and don't be sorry! Offer ends at Midnight, 31 December 1997. Thanks for your continued support, Larry Connor ljconnor@aol.com ...not responsible for aol failures...human errors...to error is human..all good things take time...cheers! ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 10:58:07 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Max Westby Subject: varroa pics Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" beautifuL SEM at the Rothamsted bee research centre site.... http://www.res.bbsrc.ac.uk/entnem/research/chdpage1.htm Cheers from sunny Sheffield (-4 Celsius today and falling) Max (\ ---------------------------------------------{|||8------------- Dr Max Westby (/ (Among other things a Sheffield Beekeeper) Dept of Psychology University of Sheffield, SHEFFIELD S10 2TP, England. South Yorkshire Beekeepers Association BBKA apiary reg: JQ34 Phone (Home): +44 (0)114 236 1038 Phone (Work): +44 (0)114 222 6508 (direct line/voicemail) Fax: +44 (0)114 276 6515 e-mail: m.westby@sheffield.ac.uk Web Site: http://www.shef.ac.uk/psychology/westby/ --------------------------------------------------------------- ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 08:18:38 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Eric Abell Subject: Re: mites! Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" I enjoyed your message and hearing about your success with Mineral oil. You note that you found no Varroa after treatment. Would you please explain the methods by which you checked for the presence of Varroa? Your sentiment of not using chemicals in the hive is great but please remember that mineral oil is a chemical as well. Using it as you do it is also a pesticide, is it not? > > I think that beekeepers could use both Apistan and Mineral Oil. Use the >MO. when you notice varroa and you have supers on and then when they are >removed install the strips. I think that varroa can't get started if used >together. I just like the idea of not using any pesticides or chemicals in >the hive if at all possible. > Eric Abell Gibbons, Alberta Canada T0A 1N0 Ph/fax (403) 998 3143 eabell@compusmart.ab.ca ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 08:11:29 -0600 Reply-To: allend@internode.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology Comments: Authenticated sender is From: Allen Dick Subject: Multiple Queens in a Hive MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT The following was posted in May. In light of the discussion about Cape bees, I wonder if anyone has any insights? --- Date: Thu, 22 May 1997 04:40:47 -0500 > On the question of what happens when bad weather strikes, when a hive is > in swarm mode the bees start a succession of queen cells, maturing at > different times, to cover this possibility. The impulse to issue as the > swarm is triggered usually the day before the first queen hatches and > this queen duly destroys all her unhatched siblings. It is hard to lay down hard and fast rules. A hive with many virgin queens running around freely is not unusual. Sometimes they will refuse to fight even if removed and placed together on your hand or in a jar. Swarms often contain numerous queens. If only we could get honey bees to develop the routine acceptance of multiple queens on a continuous and predictable basis without mechanical separation by excluders, we would simplify beekeeping and have large hives that do not fail due to the mortal nature of one queen. Fire ants apparently developed this characteristic in recent times. Allen --- Newsflash! Visit http://www.beekeeping.co.nz/beel.htm to search BEE-L archives the easy, easy way or to update or change your subscription options. --- ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 14:23:39 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Ken Theil Subject: Honey Advertisement Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi! Several posters have asked what type of advertising the National Honey Board undertakes to promote the honey industry. While leaving the grocery store the other day I noticed in a brochure rack by the exit a folding colorful pamphlet entitled *Squeezed for time, honey?*. It promotes honey as a sugar substitute, and describes 8 low-fat recipes that include honey. On the back of the pamphlet it states that you can, if you are interested, get more information about honey including additional recipes, storage, and buying tips by sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the National Honey Board in Longmont, Colorado. KW Theil Wooster, Ohio ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 14:30:18 EST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Aaron Morris Subject: Promotion by the National Honey Board MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT It's true that the NHB has not mounted campaigns that compare to: "Got Milk?" "Beef, it's what's for dinner!" or "The Incredible, Edible Egg!" Hell, they're not even in the same league as the California Raisins or "All we ask is a pack a week" (almonds). However, the National Honey Board has been instrumental in finding new markets for honey - honey cereals and honey beers (I must admit I'm hard pressed to think of more examples). The NHB (as mentioned in the previous post) DOES have a number of recipe pamphlets and fliers available for a few cents which can be successfully used to promote honey, although distribution of these pamphlets and fliers is left to associations and producers rather than being aggressively distributed by the NHB. I was surprised that the NHB missed an opportunity to promote General Mill's "Save the Honey Bee" campaign (did anyone ever hear the final outcome of that campaign?). It's true there's room for improvement from the NHB. Beware however that we not throw out the baby with the bath! Aaron Morris - I think, therefore I bee! ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 12:18:46 -0800 Reply-To: bjhensel@metro.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: BRIAN HENSEL Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi everybody: Hi Mr. Abell, thank you for bringing up the issue that mineral oil is a pesticide, however I think that it's called FGMO (FOOD GRADE MINERAL OIL), separates it from being considered a pesticide. I haven't been able to find any FGAS,(FOOD GRADE APISTAN STRIPS),anywhere. The fact that Apistan comes with many warnings about wearing gloves when handling, removing before the honey supers are installed means to me that this chemical is far more dangerous than FGMO. Mineral Oil doesn't come with such warnings. I just feel better that my daughter and my family will not be consuming any trace elements left over from Apistan. I think that Mineral Oil is a better alternative at this time, than Apistan. It might be more labor intensive to administer, but I'm just a hobby beekeeper at this point so I have the extra time to make it work for me. In regards to your second question about the methods used to detect varroa. I have done many ether rolls last summer, and one about 2 or 3 weeks ago, where I have captured about 100 bee's in a jar and then sprayed ether in to kill everything in the jar. Unfortunately it kills the bee's as well. I'm not going to do another one till spring because my hives are in winter conditions and not growing, and I don't want to remove allot of bee's when they won't be replaced. Last fall, when there was still Drones in the hive I removed a frame of drone comb, and opened about 25-50 cells to see if I could locate any varroa, and I only found one. I think that the varroa are under control at this point, and I did not use any Apistan in these hives. I will use Apistan, but only if the mineral oil starts to fail. I will use Apistan as a last resort to save a hive if infested, but at this point I think if I can go another year without a problem then I will think I will be able to go along time. THANK YOU BRIAN HENSEL MONTE RIO CALIFORNIA bjhensel@metro.net Eric Abell wrote: > I enjoyed your message and hearing about your success with Mineral oil. You > note that you found no Varroa after treatment. Would you please explain the > methods by which you checked for the presence of Varroa? > > Your sentiment of not using chemicals in the hive is great but please > remember that mineral oil is a chemical as well. Using it as you do it is > also a pesticide, is it not? > Eric Abell > Gibbons, Alberta Canada T0A 1N0 > Ph/fax (403) 998 3143 > eabell@compusmart.ab.ca ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 01:45:00 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Andy Nachbaur Organization: WILD BEE'S BBS (209) 826-8107 LOS BANOS, CA Subject: Beekeeping Gifts MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=unknown-8bit Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable UNIQUE ONE IN A KIND BEEKEEPERS GIFTS (Guaranteed in time for Christmas) A beekeeping friend of mine invested much money and time in a Honey packing venture with a international conglomerate that did not work out...the story is too long and too sad to present here. But he did have some supplies left over other then a empty bank account, honey jars and labels. Because of the unique nature of them and the fact all beekeepers I know are always looking for something different to have and give as bee gifts so I have made arrangements to offer them to anyone who is interested, and repay some of his costs and make a few bucks for my efforts. For $20.US +$3.00 postage I will send you a sample and you decide if you want more. The package will contain one (1) POOH CAROUSEL BOOK, a favorite story about Winnie-the Pooh in a fun new format. You open the book and tie back the covers then turn it around to follow Pooh's adventures in five colorful three-dimensional scenes. Then turn the scenes over there you will find the text of the story from WINNIE-THE-POOH by A.A. Milne. This is a first quality pop out book and not available in book stores. Wonderful gift or Christmas stocking stuffer for child or adult. I will also include two (2) hand crafted and panted FAN PULLS, also one of a kind gifts, one is a Skept with bees painted on it, and one is a Honey Pot also hand painted. The wood fan pulls have about a foot of gold chain attached and those of you who know about such things and don't have overhead fans will find other uses for them I am sure. You can use your CC, MC or Visa and contact me via e-mail at: andy.nachbaur@calwet.net or send a check for $23.(US) each to: ** ($20.00 between now and CHRISTMAS to all my net friends) ** Andy Nachbaur 1522 Paradise Lane Los Banos, CA 93635 Or call me at (209) 826-2261, Catch as catch can! NO RECORDER.. For more then one to any one address the postage will be $3.00. Postage may be higher to off shore address and if you have any questions about shipment to your address please send direct e-mail to me. ttul, the OLD Drone --- =FE QMPro 1.53 =FE Santa on the Web ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 19:00:15 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Al Needham Subject: Re: Promotion by the National Honey Board On Tue, 2 Dec 1997 14:30:18 EST Aaron Morris writes: >I was surprised that the NHB missed an opportunity to promote General >Mill's "Save the Honey Bee" campaign (did anyone ever hear the final >outcome of that campaign?). Yup, they 'saved' 4 1/2 honey bees..... I got that straight from "The Old Drone" himself... :-) Al, ----------------------------------------------------------- awneedham@juno.com - Scituate,MA,USA The Beehive- Educational Honey Bee Site http://www.xensei.com/users/alwine/ ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 17:47:52 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Andy Nachbar Subject: Re: Promotion by the National Honey Board In-Reply-To: <19971202.190236.3558.0.awneedham@juno.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" >>I was surprised that the NHB missed an opportunity to promote General >>Mill's "Save the Honey Bee" campaign (did anyone ever hear the final >>outcome of that campaign?). > >Yup, they 'saved' 4 1/2 honey bees..... >I got that straight from "The Old Drone" himself... :-) Never was able to find out what happened to the BS Research Money GM was going to give, maybe someone else has the details? What I did find out was this "Save the Honey Bee" was not supported my most in the industry because it was suspected that it was more intended to promote a GM product then give any meaningful help to the bee industry because of long time experiences with this company by those in the bulk honey industry. The same company cut back on the amount of honey they use in their products because they could not see paying the beekeepers so much for their honey. They did not change the labels on their product just replaced most of the honey with other sweeteners leaving enough in so they could keep the word "honey" in the ingredient statement and label. In some products there is about as much salt as honey. ttul, the OLd Drone ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 20:23:16 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Chris and Janet Sauer Subject: harvesting with the new moon? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit One of my students was a beekeeper in Vietnam and he informed me the other day that beekeepers there avoid taking honey during the full moon. Does anyone have any experience with this? He seemed pretty certain that a new moon harvest would be much better. Chris Sauer in Iowa (30 hives) ========================================================================= Date: Tue, 2 Dec 1997 16:53:17 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Gary B. Swift" Organization: Owens Valley High School Subject: School report request MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dec 2, 97 Hi again, This is Jamie Swift. I am still working on my school report on AHBs. I am especially looking for historical facts on the AHB migration from the 60s to 80s. Any information you can send will bee helpful. Sincerely, *Jamie* (gbswift@telis.org) ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 00:32:13 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: Re: Promotion by the National Honey Board MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hi Friends. We have a dish antenna and thus have the capability to monitor TV programs, newscasts, etc. nationwide. My wife, who watches a lot more TV than I, has a VCR cassette "on the ready" to catch any programming on honey bees that might come unannounced. And, it so happened that the day when the "promotional" announcement was made from New York City, she recorded the Ad in which, point of contact, newsmen names, phone numbers, and Internet addresses were given. Naturally, I was interested, and proceeded immediately to attempt to make contact with the names, phone numbers and addresses given. Guess what, no one would answer. Simultaneously, I sent a fax to General Mills in St. Paul Minnesota, you guessed no reply. Next, I wrote a letter to the Generals Mills CEO in Minnesota and did not receive the slightest form of reply. About three weeks later, I wrote a second letter and was informed that the Company never received my fax (but my records in my machine says that they did!). Instead, I received general information literature about General Mills. Subsequently, I found at the AFB Convention in Norfolk, VA that the promotion was subject to receipts from sales. I had suspected all along, and I still hold the same suspicion: it was a well thought campaign to promote honey coated cereal!!!!!! End of my interest for that announcement. Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 08:45:02 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Winston Sweatman Dear Everyone, I was interested in Allen's reference to Fire ants having apparently recently developped the routine acceptance of multiple queens. I wonder can anyone expand on this topic. How recently is recent. Best wishes Winston ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 06:59:23 -0600 Reply-To: allend@internode.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology Comments: Authenticated sender is From: Allen Dick Subject: Re: Multiple Queen Fire Ant Colonies Comments: To: Winston Sweatman In-Reply-To: <199712030845.IAA22011@artemis.maths.napier.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: Quoted-printable > I was interested in Allen's reference to Fire ants having > apparently recently developed the routine acceptance of multiple > queens. I wonder can anyone expand on this topic. How recently is recent= ? Try http://www.agrinc.com/antfact1.htm "Everything you ever wanted to know about THE IMPORTED FIRE ANT" has the following quote on the third page: > Fire ants have been mutating to fit their environment since their > introduction into the United States. =A0Multiple Queen Colonies are a > mutation problem that is very hard to control. =A0This type of mutation > appears to be caused by the heavy usage of toxic chemicals in the > United States. =A0Eradicating a multiple queen colony is a very difficul= t > taks in order to kill all queens at once. =A0Colonies in the originating > countries were not of the multiple queen variety.... More sources are: http://sciboard.louisville.edu/news/scinews/bioins/fireants.htm http://agnews.tamu.edu/stories/ENTO/baitants.htm http://www.bhip.com/business/25ants.htm From the quote above, I guess we just need to use more chemicals if we want to get multiple queen varieties, eh? Allen PS" If you haven't tried searching the web lately, it's AMAZING what's out there. There are (a variety of) answers for any question you could imagine somewhere on the web. Most current browsers have a 'search' feature that is easy to use and gets= more 'hits' on any topic than you're likely to want to read. --- Newsflash! Visit http://www.beekeeping.co.nz/beel.htm to search BEE-L archives the easy, easy way or to update or change your subscription options. --- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 08:39:38 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: RICHARD BARNES Subject: How do Bees Fly???? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" How do Bees Fly???? My 9 year old 5th grade son came home with the above title as his science fair project. He had read in a book about aerodynamics (sp?) that honey bees should not be able to fly according th their aerodynamics. Apparently, honey bees fly by application of brute force of flapping their wings. Can anyone point me to some information on this subject? Preferably of the level for a fifth grader to understand. Richard Barnes by the request of Sanner Barnes (age 9) ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 09:46:24 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Brock, Alfred L." Subject: Re: How do Bees Fly???? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Try starting with this guy - http://www.mesozoic.demon.co.uk/bee.htm Also, I understand that this is a result of the limitations of the math involved in order to describe the phenomenon of bee flight. Bees fly, the math cannot grasp this at this time. Chaos theory may lead to some mathematical description of bee flight. Aerodynamics cannot describe why bees fly, but can describe how they do it. As they do fly, there must be some flaw or new question to be asked in their somewhere. Also, in closing, don't be concerned about presenting this information to him as you understand it, he will surprise you with his breadth of understanding and ability. Maybe he is the one to put this silly question and assertion to rest. Bees should not be able to fly, it's ludicrous isn't it? To whom shall we complain? Haha -----Original Message----- From: RICHARD BARNES [SMTP:rbarnes@halnet.com] Sent: Wednesday, December 03, 1997 9:40 AM To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU Subject: How do Bees Fly???? How do Bees Fly???? My 9 year old 5th grade son came home with the above title as his science fair project. He had read in a book about aerodynamics (sp?) that honey bees should not be able to fly according th their aerodynamics. Apparently, honey bees fly by application of brute force of flapping their wings. Can anyone point me to some information on this subject? Preferably of the level for a fifth grader to understand. Richard Barnes by the request of Sanner Barnes (age 9) ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 08:33:55 -0600 Reply-To: allend@internode.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology Comments: Authenticated sender is From: Allen Dick Subject: Re: Multiple Queens in a Hive In-Reply-To: <3484F3DB.E966493D@norfolk.infi.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT > Hi Allen. > Great idea! > I believe that nature is doing just that already. I think that in A. > dorsata colonies several queens can be found co-existing simultaneously. Hmmm. I wasn't aware of that. > Hence, theoretically, it might be a genetic trait, and one that might > possibly be developed through research in other races of bees. I *think* it would be a good thing -- for beekeepers anyhow, but maybe not. I wonder... Allen ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 11:52:52 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: David Green Subject: Re: fire ants In a message dated 97-12-03 03:51:04 EST, winstons@maths.napier.ac.uk (Winston Sweatman) writes: <> I've been hearing about them for about 3 years now. They have established along the Gulf Coast. Apparently they are not yet around here. Folks are horrified about the possibility of a half-acre fire ant nest that is all one colony. They are bad enough as-is here now. Has anyone done any studies of the effect of the fire ants on ground-nesting solitary bees? -Or for that matter, any solitary bees, since fire ants will climb anything, and eat most any vulnerable insect. Some of our beekeepers stack up supers on fire ant nests to get the wax worms cleaned out. Pollinator@aol.com Dave Green Hemingway, SC USA The Pollination Scene: http://users.aol.com/pollinator/polpage1.html Jan's Sweetness and Light Shop (Varietal Honeys and Beeswax Candles) http://users.aol.com/SweetnessL/sweetlit.htm ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 14:10:45 -0800 Reply-To: Box@pike.sover.net, 71@pike.sover.net, Ripton@pike.sover.net, VT@pike.sover.net, 05766@pike.sover.net, USA@pike.sover.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Samuel E. Allen" Organization: Samuel Allen Associates Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Excerpts from BEE-L wrote: > From: BRIAN HENSEL > To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU > > ... thank you for bringing up the issue that mineral oil is a > pesticide, > however I think that it's called FGMO (FOOD GRADE MINERAL OIL), > separates it > from being considered a pesticide. I haven't been able to find > any FGAS,(FOOD > GRADE APISTAN STRIPS),anywhere. While I agree from label warnings that Apistan is potentially (almost certainly?)dangerous, I would add that mineral oil is not harmless either. In fact, "food grade" is a large misnomer. Mineral oil is no longer prescribed as an aid to regularity(or even for acute bowel disorders) because it is largely indigestible and, worse, leaches the oil-soluble vitamins from those who ingest it. I hope this helps-(the list beeing for beekeepers as well as bees, right?) best regards, -Sam Allen -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- Bee Cool Hive Ventilators! http://www.beecool.com Better pollination and More honey, guaranteed! _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 21:28:12 +1300 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Nick Wallingford Organization: Bay of Plenty Polytechnic Subject: Re: How do Bees Fly???? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT > My 9 year old 5th grade son came home with the above title as his science > fair project. He had read in a book about aerodynamics (sp?) that honey > bees should not be able to fly according th their aerodynamics. Apparently, > honey bees fly by application of brute force of flapping their wings. From my understanding of the story, the key interest area here is political rather than aerodynamic... Back in the 1930s there were some German researchers who did an analysis of bumble bee flight, based on body weight, wing area, wing beat rate, etc. The conclusion was that "bees can't fly". And it has repeatedly been pointed at as an example of stupid science - scientists just don't have any common sense, etc... The science was all correct, but the analysis was using the calculations of fixed wing flight. (And hey, I play with bees - I'm not a rocket scientist, so don't blast me if this isn't exact!!!). Seems that bumble and honey bees flight has more in common with a helicopter than with an airplane's wings. The wings are not just going up and down, pushing at the air. They in fact perform a figure of eight motion, 'feathering' the wing area with each beat. But before the people who realised the error of the original research published, along came a war. And for a variety of reasons (ie political, I expect) the 'countering' publication did not occur until long after the public had taken up the "Stupid scientists try to tell bees they can't fly" refrain. Somewhere I do have a paper describing all this - does it sound familiar to anyone else? (\ Nick Wallingford {|||8- home nickw@beekeeping.co.nz (/ work nw1@boppoly.ac.nz NZ Beekeeping http://www.beekeeping.co.nz ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 15:32:36 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Friends. Seems to me that since I am the "originator" for the use of FGMO for the treatment of bee mites, that it is appropriate to relay a message sent to me by a Bee-L recipient about a source for FGMO. I would like to suggest that recipients of this message "open" and read the attached file because it gives indeed one of the best descriptions of FGMO that I have been able to find. I consider it one of the "must read attachments" sent on this list. Reading this file should put to rest some of the ???? that many of you have regarding FGMO. Also, in defense of the use of FGMO, I would like to add for the benefit of those who have not read my files that, the use of FGMO did not happen by accident. It took a lot of work and conscientious study. I did not reveal my findings until I was sure that it worked and that it was safe to use. In my humble opinion, to paraphrase the words of one of our frequent contributors to the list, I think that it is highly unfair to lump FGMO in the general classification of a PESTICIDE because it meets the general definition given in the dictionary. Beekeepers who contribute to this list should bear in mind that this list is open to the "whole wide world" and that there are a lot of very sensitive "readers" out there in cyberspace who may misconstrue our barbs. Insensitive comparisons may give a connotation to a product that may be very much in need in the fight against the terrible bee mites. Without infiinging on personal rights to freedom of speech, I truly believe that disparaging remarks of this type are a disservice to beekeeping and that they should be kept "in-house" for our private consumption rather than dispensing them freely on the net. I would like to suggest that flames, barbs, questions and other pertinent comments regarding FGMO be sent to my private e-mail address. I gladly spend hours on end answering questions on this subject. More of the same, regardless of how many, will not deter me from replying. I'll always be here to assist in whatever I may. In addition to the source of FGMO given on the attached file, I would like to add another source contact. Tom Rozic Kerns City, Penna 1-800-245-3952 Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 00:12:47 +0200 Reply-To: pimapis@rls.roknet.ro Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Marian Pintilie Organization: - Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Marian Pintilie wrote: > > Hi. > > This is a question for the one who consider FGMO a pesticide. > I use water to kill bugs when sometime appear through pipes in my > bathtube > Should I say that water is a pesticide? :) > > Costel > > I think that it is highly unfair to lump FGMO in the general > classification of a PESTICIDE because it meets the general definition > given in > the dictionary. ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 17:09:28 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: [Fwd: mites!] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------A993327E857CEFCBBE384194" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------A993327E857CEFCBBE384194 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear fellow subscribers: I just sent the attached post to Mr. Allen. Could any one on Bee-L provide me the information requested from Mr. Allen? Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA --------------A993327E857CEFCBBE384194 Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Message-ID: <3485D62D.EDC3B382@norfolk.infi.net> Date: Wed, 03 Dec 1997 16:59:10 -0500 From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Organization: Independent non-profit research X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.03 [en] (Win95; I) MIME-Version: 1.0 To: Box@pike.sover.net, 71@pike.sover.net, Ripton@pike.sover.net, VT@pike.sover.net, 05766@pike.sover.net, USA@pike.sover.net Subject: Re: mites! References: <16241331609461@systronix.net> <3485D8E5.38E21078@sover.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Mr. Allen: I have been studying Varroa mites for the last 13 years, yet I had not read or even heard about "ventilation increasing resistance to Varroa mites." I am very much interested in learning about this type of control(?). Could you e-mail me, or if you prefer I can send you my "snail mail" address, scientific proof of your advertisement. Sincerely. Dr. Pedro Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA --------------A993327E857CEFCBBE384194-- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 17:29:42 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: [Fwd: http://www.amoco.com/what_we_do/pp/lbu/pi801ex.htm] MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------3FEA55C18C39A838B2608BA0" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------3FEA55C18C39A838B2608BA0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear friends. I understand that some of you did not receive this file which I attempted to forward earlier in a similar message. Should any of you have difficulties receiving it, please do let me know and I'll "work' with other formats (with which I am having difficulties at this time.) Sincerely. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA --------------3FEA55C18C39A838B2608BA0 Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Return-Path: Received: from ellijay.com ([206.30.220.2]) by mailhost.infi.net (8.8.8/8.8.5) with SMTP id WAA26780 for ; Tue, 2 Dec 1997 22:55:48 -0500 (EST) Received: from PC_bill-c.ellijay.com by ellijay.com (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id WAA09938; Tue, 2 Dec 1997 22:54:15 -0500 Message-ID: Priority: Normal X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Priority: 3 To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net MIME-Version: 1.0 From: "William Cantrell" Subject: http://www.amoco.com/what_we_do/pp/lbu/pi801ex.htm Date: Tue, 02 Dec 97 22:55:09 PST Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"; X-MAPIextension=".TXT" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by mailhost.infi.net id WAA26780 http://www.amoco.com/what_we_do/pp/lbu/pi801ex.htm Dr. Rodriguez, I have been reading your two papers, Bee Mites And Mineral Oil Phase I and II. Your findings are very interesting and I would like to try your methods. I've been looking at mineral oil and have found there to be many types. The link I sent you is just a few from one company. Could you e-mail me with the type that you think would be best. Thank You, William Cantrell --------------3FEA55C18C39A838B2608BA0-- ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 18:21:03 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Stan Sandler Subject: Re: How do Bees Fly???? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" There is a recent article in the New Scientist magazine called: "On a Wing and a Vortex". Here is the magazine's precis of the article: "According to the laws of aerodynamics insects shouldn't be able to fly. Now the mystery may be solved". That is a bit of an overstatement, however the article is extremely pertinent to the present bee-l thread, and it has some interesting ideas. It also describes the development and testing of mechanical flying insects. The complete article is available on the web. (Not every article IS, but they usually put one or two from every issue in. Go to : http://www.newscientist.com and choose the October 11 issue from the archives. Perhaps the full address for the article will work (I find they don't always). It is http://www.newscientist.com/ns/971011/contents.html I find this magazine has some pretty interesting articles. Regards, Stan in PEI recovering from our second snowstorm ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 18:39:08 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Bill Bartlett Subject: Open letter on mites to Dr. Rodriquez MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Dr. Rodriquez, I used FGMO all season here in Maryland USA. I did start off very early this season though with Apistan strips. I did not detect any varroa mites after the use of the strips. I have not used any other anything in the hives that I have. (12) The hives looked good the last time I inspected them for the winter. This has been done by me before with varying degrees of success. I tried several things that came down the pike and do not like to use some chemicals. Why I like to do this and put my bees in jepardy I do not know. Each time I have tried something new I get my hopes up only to find that it was not satisfactory. After first reading about your MO experiments, it seemed to be a logical choice to try. Partly because the explaination of how the oil would work on the mites (both). Also because it was safer to use than others. Who wants to put something in a hive for the bees and MYSELF to eat that you have to wear gloves to put it into the hive. The availability is also a nice factor. And the price is right. So I went with it!!! Checks that I have made so far did not detect any mites. Mostly all that I did was to look at brood. Mostly drone brood. No mites. I must confess that I was not able to go to all of my hives in the prescribed intervals. And now of course the bees are clustered most of the time and I will not be bothering them until we get a nice warm day and that may not be for awhile here. Now for the rest of the story. My losses of bees almost always have been through the winter. Certainly not all of my losses have been to the mites, but am sure most have. I had 40 some hives at one time and have been doing bees for over 25 years - no brag just fact. Now I must wait until late winter to see what has been accomplished. Will I let you know? - You Bet!!! billy bee ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 14:50:23 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Gary B. Swift" Organization: Owens Valley High School Subject: Re: How do Bees Fly???? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Brock, Alfred L. wrote: > > (snip) Bees fly, the math cannot grasp this at this time. Chaos theory > may lead to some mathematical description of bee flight. Aerodynamics > cannot describe why bees fly, but can describe how they do it. (snip) 12/3/97 To Richard & Sanner (and interested bee-people), Part of the problem of using classic aerodynamics to describe an insect's flight is that a bug is so small that the air acts as a very viscous fluid on its tiny wings and body. We can think of insects as sort of "swimming" in the "thick" air the way we would swim in water. This weird characteristic of air on tiny creatures is also the reason that anything smaller than a mouse can survive a fall from any height without serious injury. For instance, an ant falling off the roof of a house will very quickly reach its terminal velocity (which is very slow) and will not accelerate to a high speed, as a human would. It sort of "floats" to the ground as if it were wearing a parachute just because it is tiny! Cool eh? Gary B. Swift Mechanical Engineer & Glider Pilot ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 19:05:17 -0900 Reply-To: beeman@alaska.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Tom & Carol Elliott Organization: Home Subject: It's been a while since the last . . . . MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit VIRUS ALERT If you receive an email with a subject of "Badtimes," delete it immediately WITHOUT reading it. This is the most dangerous Email virus yet. It will rewrite your hard drive. Not only that, but it will scramble any disks that are even close to your computer. It will re-calibrate your refrigerator's coolness setting so all your ice cream gets melted. It will demagnetize the strips on all your credit cards, screw up the tracking on your VCR and use subspace field harmonics to scratch any CD's you try to play. It will give your ex-boy/girlfriend your new phone number. It will mix antifreeze into your fish tank. It will drink all your beer and leave its socks out on the coffee table when there's company coming over. It will put a dead mouse in the back pocket of your good suit and hide your car keys when you are late for work. Badtimes will make you fall in love with a penguin. It will give you nightmares about circus midgets. It will pour sugar in your petrol tank and shave off both your eyebrows while dating your current boy/girlfriend behind your back and billing the dinner and hotel room to your Visa card. It will seduce your grandmother. It does not matter if she is dead, such is the power of Badtimes, it reaches out beyond the grave to sully those things we hold most dear. It moves your car randomly around parking lots so you can't find it. It will kick your dog. It will leave libidinous messages on your boss's voice mail in your voice! It is insidious and subtle. It is dangerous and terrifying to behold. It is also a rather interesting shade of mauve. Badtimes will give you Dutch Elm disease. It will leave the toilet seat up. It will make a batch of Methamphetamine in your bathtub and then leave bacon cooking on the stove while it goes out to chase High School kids with your new snow blower. These are just a few of the signs... Be very careful! -- "Test everything. Hold on to the good." (1 Thessalonians 5:21) Tom Elliott Chugiak, Alaska U.S.A. beeman@alaska.net ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 19:21:05 +1000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: j h & e mcadam Subject: Re: School report request Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > This is Jamie Swift. I am still working on my school report on AHBs. >I am especially looking for historical facts on the AHB migration from >the 60s to 80s. Any information you can send will bee helpful. Jamie, the December, 1994 issue of Scientific American had an article on the history of accidental and deliberate release of AHB in Brazil and its subsequent evolution by selection against aggression by Brazilian beekeepers and migration routes northward. My copy of the magazine is lost somewhere in the house but you should be able to access the issue through libraries. Betty McAdam > HOG BAY APIARY Penneshaw, Kangaroo Island j.h. & e. mcadam From: Anthony Morgan Organization: HiST/AIN/IET Subject: Re: How do Bees Fly???? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT > From: "Excerpts from BEE-L" > Organization: BestOfBee@systronix.net > From: "Brock, Alfred L." > Aerodynamics cannot describe why bees fly, but can describe how they do it. As > they do fly, there must be some flaw or new question to be asked in their > somewhere. I have recently read an article in 'New Scientist' that is relevant. It describes how insects actually manage to fly (supposedly according to standard aerodynamics it should be impossible). "Impossible Insects /On a wing and a Vortex", http://www.newscientist.com/ns/971011/features.html cheers Tony Morgan _____________________________________________ Anthony N Morgan, Forsteammanuensis Institutt for Elektroteknikk Hogskolen i Sor-Trondelag N-7005 Trondheim, Norway anthony@iet.hist.no Tlf. 73 55 96 04 Fax. 73 55 95 81 ========================================================================= Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 08:22:03 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "catkinson@ipa.net" Subject: Book on uses for honey MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT I have heard that there is a book called 351 things to make with honey. I am looking for information on how to use honey and honey products, beeswax, etc. Does anyong have a good reference? Thanks Curtis Atkinson 2701 S. Caraway Jonesboro, Ar 72401 870-932-7838 catkinson@ipa.net ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 30 Nov 1997 12:40:26 +0100 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Kai-M. Engfer" Subject: Cape Honey Bee MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8BIT Hello bee-friends, I would like to ask You, if there is anybody who has got experience with the Cape Honey Bee. I find that this is an interesting bee race and would like to know more about it. Please answer me as soon as possible to my private box: Kai-M.Engfer@t-online.de since I am not a subscriber. Thank You very much! With kindly regards Kai-M. Engfer, Tel. 04347-8861 Ostlandstr. 1 D-24247 Mielkendorf ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 28 Nov 1997 09:54:25 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: paul basehore Subject: Re: mites! Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" At 02:38 PM 11/27/97 -0800, you wrote: >> DAVID EYRE WROTE: >> >> Good news! I would just wish that rather than tempting us with half >> details we could get the complete story (with sub-titles) and >> methodology. >> Come on Brian, don't be shy tell us how YOU do it! >> >> ******************************************* >> The Bee Works, 9 Progress Dr, Unit 2, >> Orillia, Ontario, L3V 6H1 >> Phone/fax 705-326-7171 >> David Eyre, Owner. >> http://www.muskoka.net/~beeworks >> e-mail >> ******************************************** > > HI DAVID AND BEE-L RECIPIENTS! >I have followed Dr. Rodriquez's recommendations almost exactly as he >describes them. I use a honey bear filled with MO, then open my hives >apply some smoke to drive the bee's down the frames and quickly apply a >small bead right on top of the frames, being careful not to drown a bee in >it. I then use my fingers to spread it evenly on top. I have also prepared >grease patties with just a 1:1 ratio of Crisco and sugar and keep patties >on at all times above the brood chamber. > When I have found varroa I applied the MO. once a week until I >couldn't find any then just every other week or every three weeks now. I >realize that big operations would not be able to give as much attention as >I have to my hives, but I don't think that there is any other way of >keeping the bee's covered with MO to be as affective. I use two other methods which have been as effective. First I soak a roll of blue shop towles like the kind you can get at Wall Mart in the FGMO for an hour then lay one sheet across the top bars in each brood chamber. It takes the bees about a month or longer depending if it is in the middle of winter or summer to remove this. Much easier quicker and is as effective. Large operations can do it this way and it will be cost and time effective. Second method is staple a thick piece of cloth on the landing board at the hive enterence so it extends about a half inch into the hive. Use the bear to apply the FGMO to this cloth and as the bees go in and out they get treated. In winter this is not effective so I use the blue shop towel method in winter and summer. Paul Bashore in Okla. City 15 hives and growing ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 28 Nov 1997 16:57:39 -0700 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Adrian Wenner Subject: Re: Learning in Bees Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Greg Hankins and Bill Bartlett raised the issue of learning in bees. Actually, there is some interesting history about this subject. When the notion of "language" became adopted by the bee community back in the 1940s and 1950s, the idea that bees could learn fell by the wayside. That is, bee language was an "instinctual signalling system" --- learning just didn't fit into that paradigm. In the mid-1960s my co-workers and I stumbled onto the fact that honey bees could still learn after all. We had a difficult time getting our results into print due to the encrustation of thought that prevailed at the time. Nevertheless, we succeeded and provided the basis for subsequent research on the topic. Patrick Wells summarized the available information on bee learning back in 1973 in a volume on INVERTEBRATE LEARNING (New York, Plenum Press). Later, he and I summarized the importance of learning with respect to the recruitment of honey bees to food sources in Chapter 7 of our 1990 book, ANATOMY OF A CONTROVERSY... (New York, Columbia University Press). Those interested should be able to obtain copies of those books through interlibrary loan if the local library does not have copies. From my perspective, James Gould served primarily as a popularizer and advocate of existing dogma. In science, however, "facts" of today do not always persist --- Nature becomes the ultimate judge. A 5000 word review of the subject that I was invited to write should soon appear in print (I returned page proofs a few weeks ago). Keep tuned for further information. Adrian Adrian M. Wenner (805) 893-2838 (UCSB office) Ecol., Evol., & Marine Biology (805) 893-8062 (UCSB FAX) Univ. of Calif., Santa Barbara (805) 963-8508 (home office & FAX) Santa Barbara, CA 93106 *********************************************************************** * "Discovery is to see what everyone else has seen, * * but to think what no one else has thought." * * --- Albert Szent-Gyorgyi * *********************************************************************** ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 09:05:50 -0500 Reply-To: bkeep200@concentric.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "J.Troyer" Subject: Re: Book on uses for honey MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Curtis, Don't know if this is what you are looking for, but Elaine White has a book called Super Formulas, how to make more than 360 useful products that contain honey and beeswax. It is $14.95 from Valley Hills Press, 1864 Ridgeland Drive, Starkville MS 39759 . Hope this helps. -- Mail to:bkeep200@concentric.net http://www.concentric.net/~bkeep200 Honey Hill Farm - Handcrafted Honey & Beeswax Soaps ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 14:18:00 -0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: P Munn Subject: Re: mites! ---------- From: P Munn To: BEE-L Subject: Re: mites! Date: 04 December 1997 13:52 Actually this is a gross exaggeration. Food grade mineral oil in small quantities does nobody any harm. My chemist tells me it's no longer prescribed for irregularity because it was prone to misuse (people took far too much of it) and because there are more suitable products available. In small quantities it is unlikely to do a person any harm. Penny Munn Lancashire/ Scotland ---------- * From: Samuel E. Allen * To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU * Subject: Re: mites! * Date: 03 December 1997 22:10 * * Excerpts from BEE-L wrote: * * > From: BRIAN HENSEL * > To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU * > * > ... thank you for bringing up the issue that mineral oil is a * * > pesticide, * * > however I think that it's called FGMO (FOOD GRADE MINERAL OIL), * * > separates it * * > from being considered a pesticide. I haven't been able to find * * > any FGAS,(FOOD * * > GRADE APISTAN STRIPS),anywhere. * * * * While I agree from label warnings that Apistan is potentially * * (almost certainly?)dangerous, I would add that mineral oil is not * * * * harmless either. In fact, "food grade" is a large misnomer. * * Mineral oil is no longer prescribed as an aid to regularity(or * * even * * for acute bowel disorders) because it is largely indigestible * * and, worse, * * leaches the oil-soluble vitamins from those who ingest it. * * I hope this helps-(the list beeing for beekeepers as well as * * bees, right?) * * best regards, -Sam Allen * * -_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- * * Bee Cool Hive Ventilators! * * http://www.beecool.com * * Better pollination and More honey, guaranteed! * * _-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_- * * ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 09:58:21 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Bonnie Pierson Subject: Re: Last Call: New Zealand Beekeeper Tour Mark your calendar for February 14-28, 1998 and plan to join fellow beekeepers as they travel "Down Under" to see beekeeping in New Zealand. Being in the southern hemisphere, New Zealand will be in the height of their summer and honey flow. This apicultural tour will include several apiaries in production, a look at pollination in orchards, international honey products exporters, hiveware manufacturer, lectures and many beautiful highlights of the island nation of New Zealand. This 15 day tour begins in Auckland and will include Rotorua, Napier, Hastings, Palmerston North, Wellington on the North Island. We'll take a ferry to the South Island and see Nelson, Christchurch and Queenstown. This is definiitly a trip you won't want to miss. Registeer now for this fantistic opportunity. Kiwi Dundee PO Box 11276 Albuquerque, NM 87192-1276 505-237-2135 505-237-2136 Fax ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 08:14:48 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Kerry Clark of AGF 784-2225 fax (604) 784 2299" Subject: Re: bee flight MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII The October 11 1997 issue of New Scientist had a front page article that discusses the "bees can't fly" topic. You can see the article at http://www.newscientist.com/ns/971011/features.html Kerry Clark, Apiculture Specialist B.C. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food 1201 103 Ave Dawson Creek B.C. V1G 4J2 CANADA Tel (250) 784-2231 fax (250) 784-2299 INTERNET kclark@galaxy.gov.bc.ca ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 18:35:27 GMT+0200 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Garth Organization: Rhodes University South Africa Subject: Re: BEE-L Digest - 1 Dec 1997 to 2 Dec 1997 In-Reply-To: Hi All Allen Dick wrote the following. > From: Allen Dick > Subject: Multiple Queens in a Hive > > The following was posted in May. In light of the discussion about Cape > bees, I wonder if anyone has any insights? > > On the question of what happens when bad weather strikes, when a hive is > > in swarm mode the bees start a succession of queen cells, maturing at > > different times, to cover this possibility. The impulse to issue as the > > swarm is triggered usually the day before the first queen hatches and > > this queen duly destroys all her unhatched siblings. This is actually believed to be one of the reasones that the cape bee evolved it's trait of being able to develop workers who lay eggs that develop into workers not drones. The cape is a nasty stormy place and has a winter honey flow, hence queens will often be superseded then and often get blown away inn a sudden gail or get eaten by a dronga (predatory pain in the neck bird). Hence over time bees that could requeen again after the first attempt failed were selected for. There was also some interesting work done by I think Professor Hepburn from here at Rhodes that showed that there is a strong tendency for the cape bee to emit swarms in mid winter when berg winds blow (hot winds cause by air sinking and warming - usually last a few days - long enough for a swarm to find a new home). Under these conditions it was found that bees frequently joined swarms - whehther this is by accidennt or on purpose is unknown. In this way a multiple queened hive is obtained that cann generate enough warmth to make some comb and lay a few eggs and so on. I have also seen cape bee hives where the brood nest is split with a queen laying on each side and workers moving freely between the two. I made it by uniting two supers with heavy smoking and a month later they are still doing this. > A hive with many virgin queens running around freely is not unusual. > Sometimes they will refuse to fight even if removed and placed together on > your hand or in a jar. I have seen this too, but have also noted that there is more of a tendency for the bees to nibble pieces of these queens. (tried to rear some queens and just before they went on their mating flights a cold front swerved in, and in the end had to open the hive and seperate them all. > If only we could get honey bees to develop the routine acceptance of > multiple queens on a continuous and predictable basis without mechanical > separation by excluders, we would simplify beekeeping and have large hives > that do not fail due to the mortal nature of one queen. I actually believe that this would be the downfall of the bee as we know it. Looking at the cape bee we see a bee which is loather to sting as it will lose it's life and could have passed it's genes onn instead if the queen died. Hence only stupid bees with no genetic urge to save their genes sting. Therefore the cape trait should with time get stronger if one selects for gentle hives. > From: Chris and Janet Sauer > Subject: harvesting with the new moon? > > One of my students was a beekeeper in Vietnam and he informed me the > other day that beekeepers there avoid taking honey during the full > moon. Does anyone have any experience with this? He seemed pretty > certain that a new moon harvest would be much better. I have noted on the one or two times when I moved hives under full moonlight that the bees will fly away and don't seem to fly straight. And I think many get lost as if they use the moon as their beacon, believing it is the sun, their maths will be out and they will end up flying to a competely different spot and be lost forever?? Maybe that is why he does this? Keep well Garth PS today had the pleasant experience of helping an elderly couple rid themselves of a hive in a barrel. They sat outside and watched with their telephone as they were expecting a phone call from their son who now lives in australia. It was one of those phones that can do the intercom thing where you stand near it and talk out load and the replies come through a little amplified speaker. Anyhow, it turned out the couples grandchildren had just that day been to see an apiary near Perth. Anybody on the list have a group of kids, one with a funny accent come and visit them today?? > > Chris Sauer in Iowa (30 hives) > --- Garth Cambray Kamdini Apiaries 15 Park Road Apis melifera capensis Grahamstown 800mm annual precipitation 6139 Eastern Cape South Africa Phone 27-0461-311663 On holiday for a few months Rhodes University Which means: working with bees 15 hours a day! Interests: Fliis and bees Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this post in no way reflect those of Rhodes University. ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 12:07:56 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "Brock, Alfred L." Subject: Re: bee flight MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" ...and there it is, until now, the phenomenon could not be explained because it could not be observed. -----Original Message----- From: Kerry Clark of AGF 784-2225 fax (604) 784 2299 [SMTP:KCLARK@galaxy.gov.bc.ca] Sent: Thursday, December 04, 1997 11:15 AM To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU Subject: Re: bee flight The October 11 1997 issue of New Scientist had a front page article that discusses the "bees can't fly" topic. You can see the article at http://www.newscientist.com/ns/971011/features.html Kerry Clark, Apiculture Specialist B.C. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food 1201 103 Ave Dawson Creek B.C. V1G 4J2 CANADA Tel (250) 784-2231 fax (250) 784-2299 INTERNET kclark@galaxy.gov.bc.ca ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 19:57:27 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Computer Software Solutions Ltd Subject: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi All At a recent lecture, the lecturer said that he is experimenting with using Oil of Wintergreen for treating Acarine. The Oil of Wintergreen is inserted into the hive entrance on a pad of absorbent material on the end of a piece of wire for easy insertion and removal. The Oil of Wintergreen is supposed to disorientate the mite responsible. He has just started the treatment and is going to re charge the absorbent material every month or so Has anybody any experience of the above treatment please? Sincerely Tom Barrett 49 South Park Foxrock Dublin 18 Ireland e mail: cssl@iol.ie ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 14:52:16 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: RICHARD BARNES Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" I have used a lot of wintergreen. My bees seem healthy enough, but have had trouble with the wintergreen killing the bees that get too much on them. I feel (no actural scientific proof) that the wintergreen has helped my hives. The adsorbant pad sounds great, I will try that out. Richard Barnes At 07:57 PM 12/4/97 GMT, you wrote: >Hi All > >At a recent lecture, the lecturer said that he is experimenting with using >Oil of Wintergreen for treating Acarine. The Oil of Wintergreen is inserted >into the hive entrance on a pad of absorbent material on the end of a piece >of wire for easy insertion and removal. The Oil of Wintergreen is supposed >to disorientate the mite responsible. > >He has just started the treatment and is going to re charge the absorbent >material every month or so > >Has anybody any experience of the above treatment please? > >Sincerely > >Tom Barrett >49 South Park >Foxrock >Dublin 18 >Ireland > >e mail: cssl@iol.ie > > ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 15:53:24 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Todd Flanders Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Manley described regular use of oil of wintergreen for treating acarine -- I think that was in the 40's. He used a small bottle set at a rear corner of the hive (on the floor), with some sort of wick to draw the oil up. Apparently this treatment was part of the regular wintering preparations. Perhaps someone in the UK could explain what ever became of this practice ... or, has anyone seen it described or used in other areas? ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 21:45:21 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Murray McGregor Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen In-Reply-To: MIME-Version: 1.0 In article , Todd Flanders writes >Manley described regular use of oil of wintergreen for treating acarine -- >I think that was in the 40's. >He used a small bottle set at a rear corner of the hive (on the floor), >with some sort of wick to draw the oil up. Apparently this treatment was >part of the regular wintering preparations. > >Perhaps someone in the UK could explain what ever became of this practice >... or, has anyone seen it described or used in other areas? I cannot vouch for other parts of Britain, but here in our area of Eastern Scotland we do not treat for acarine mites at all. They are endemic and, although we do not do any routine checking, we presume that all our colonies carry some kind of population of these mites. From reading and talking to old beekeepers who were active at that time, it would appear that oil of wintergreen, either on its own or in a preparation called Frow's mixture, was a standard treatment for this mite. It seems that, for a number of reasons, during the 50's and 60's, the use of such treatments died away. I believe that principal amongst these reasons was that the bees had adapted, probably by inadvertant (survivor) selection by beekeepers, and resistance, or tolerance, to the mites became widespread. I remember seeing colonies very ill with this infestation (they called it a disease then) in the 60's when I was a boy, but by then we had stopped treating as not cost effective and only a few colonies succumbed at that time. Odd colonies seemed to be affected up to the early 70's, but since then we have only really seen it in hives headed by imported queens of certain strains, especially caucasians. We cannot say that this 'resistance' is a feature of our native strains because, like most UK bees, ours are a genetic patchwork arising from wave after wave of importations into this country after the near wipe-outs of the early years of this century. We have not seen a single case of classic acarine symptoms for a few years now. Thus it would appear that the demise of the treatments was linked entirely to it no longer being necessary. For the first couple of decades after the wave of infestation the treatments were essential, then the need for them gradually diminished, and today we do not need them at all. Hope this is of use. -- Murray McGregor Denrosa Ltd murray@denrosa.demon.co.uk ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 20:46:10 -0600 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Martin Braunstein Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Tom: Why don't you contact Bob Noel, he has a lot of experience on using essential oils to treat both mites. Moreover, he is quite willing to help fellow beekeepers. His e-mail address is: RNoel@hereintown.net You should also visit: http://www.wvu.edu/~agexten/varroa/ Martin Braunstein Malka Cabania Apicola e-mail: malka@webnet.com.ar ========================================================================= Date: Thu, 4 Dec 1997 23:06:09 -0800 Reply-To: vcoppola@epix.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Vince Coppola Subject: THOMAS -- U.S. Congress on the Internet Comments: To: Brian Merrill , Gary Green , Louis Tandy , Mike Potoczak , Neil Thompson , Tom Eames , "Dr. Nick Calderone" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------10F130275C25E78998C3A1D2" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------10F130275C25E78998C3A1D2 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit You can go here to find the bill concerning the NHB that has passed the Senate. Search for then search the page for , this should get you to SEC.227. I was surprised to see how little it resembles what either national has proposed. http://thomas.loc.gov/ --------------10F130275C25E78998C3A1D2 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Base: "http://thomas.loc.gov/" THOMAS -- U.S. Congress on the Internet
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--------------10F130275C25E78998C3A1D2-- ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 10:32:46 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: henry <104047.270@compuserve.com> Subject: USA: Last Call: New Zealand Beekeeper Tour MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Hi, I leave for NZ 12/14 and return 1/15. I didn't know about your trip. I would welcome any info, since I was planning to visit Beekeepers there on my own. Regards, Henry ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 11:29:41 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Walt Barricklow Subject: Re: Honey Advertisement MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The honey board also promotes through the use of full page ads in the Family Circle magazine, that contain recipes using honey. ---------- > From: Ken Theil > To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU > Subject: Honey Advertisement > Date: Tuesday, December 02, 1997 2:23 PM > > Hi! > > Several posters have asked what type of advertising the National Honey Board > undertakes to promote the honey industry. While leaving the grocery store > the other day I noticed in a brochure rack by the exit a folding colorful > pamphlet entitled *Squeezed for time, honey?*. It promotes honey as a sugar > substitute, and describes 8 low-fat recipes that include honey. On the back > of the pamphlet it states that you can, if you are interested, get more > information about honey including additional recipes, storage, and buying > tips by sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the National Honey > Board in Longmont, Colorado. > > KW Theil > Wooster, Ohio ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 12:47:35 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Ben Davis <103576.3374@compuserve.com> Subject: Subscribe MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii I lost the procedure for enrolling in the Bee-l and have a friend who now wants to join. Would someone please send me te procedure. Thanks, Ben Davis ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 14:03:45 EST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Bonbee Organization: AOL (http://www.aol.com) Subject: Re: USA: Last Call: New Zealand Beekeeper Tour Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit Henry, Call Kiwi Dundee and ask them to send you info, then you will know as much as I do. 505-237-2135. Bonnie Pierson ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 13:44:19 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Peter Amschel Subject: Re: harvesting with the new moon? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Excerpts from BEE-L wrote: > From: Garth > To: BEE-L@CNSIBM.ALBANY.EDU > > > One of my students was a beekeeper in Vietnam and he informed me the > > other day that beekeepers there avoid taking honey during the full > > moon. Does anyone have any experience with this? He seemed pretty > > certain that a new moon harvest would be much better. I was in Vietnam in 67 as a draftee and I noted that the Vietnamese are very superstitious. They have altars in their homes to appease spirits of dead relatives, and altars out by the roadside to appease wandering spirits. They don't even clip their toenails at night because of some superstition or another. I like them, though. ========================================================================= Date: Fri, 5 Dec 1997 17:25:31 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Al Needham Subject: Re: harvesting with the new moon? On Fri, 5 Dec 1997 13:44:19 -0800 Peter Amschel writes: >Excerpts from BEE-L wrote: >I was in Vietnam in 67 as a draftee and I noted that the Vietnamese >are >very superstitious. They have altars in their homes to appease spirits >of >dead relatives, and altars out by the roadside to appease wandering >spirits. They don't even clip their toenails at night because of some >superstition or another. I like them, though. We Norte Americanos have stuff hanging about on shelves/fireplaces,in bathtubs planted outdoors, car dashboards, etc. Some of us probably don't cut our toenails during daylight or evening hours ! :-) Al, ----------------------------------------------------------- awneedham@juno.com - Scituate,MA,USA The Beehive- Educational Honey Bee Site http://www.xensei.com/users/alwine/ ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 03:15:12 EST Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: JLScogin Organization: AOL (http://www.aol.com) Subject: Re: harvesting with the new moon? Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit I know several folks that preferred to do nothing during a "FULL MOON" in Southeast Asia and I suspect that would include honey gathering. Some superstitions result from facts associated with different purposes and like a government policy (error repeated over time), they stick with us. In any event, do bees react differently during phases of the moon? ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 03:39:01 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Sid Pullinger Subject: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 <<<<<>>>>> Tom et alia, Regret no experience of it as I do not consider acarinet important enough= to require treatment. Back in the fifties and sixties, when it was more = in the public eye, I did routine dissections. I had no losses attributable = to acarine and I found mites in thriving colonies. Since then I have given = up looking. A healthy stock will rid itself of it naturally. If it can't it's not worth keeping anyway. According to Bailey, UK, Honeybee Pathology, there are no outward signs of the disease and only dissection = of the prothoracic tracheae will determine whether it is there or not. = Infestation does shorten the bees' life but he considers that acarine is= often blamed unfairly for colony loss just because it is found present. = Morse, USA, Honeybee Pests and Diseases, writing in 1978 before it was found in the Unitec States, agreed with Bailey. Quote. " I am inclined = to support Bailey's view that acarine disease might not be so serious as has= been supposed; it appears that, much as sacbrood and EFB, the disease it more likely to manifest itself and become a problem when a colony is unde= r stress." Six years later the mite was detected in Texas and then spread throughout North America. Oil of wintergreen, nowadays synthetic methyl salicylate, is an old remed= y, dating back to before the war. There are conflicting views as to its use= =2E = Baily states that it is toxic to open brood and should only be applied wh= en no brood is present, i.e. in the winter. It is the fumes from the evaporation which kill the mites. Unfortunately it will not evaporate fa= st enough if the weather is too cold. Manley, a successful commercial beekeeper, in his book Honey Farming, written in 1946, states that it is not harmful to brood and he keeps a small container of it in his mating nuclei all the year round. You can't get two opinions more opposed than that. Wedmore, in his Manual of Beekeeping, 1946, suggests two to four small flat tins, with perforated lids, each containing half an ounce of salicylate in cotton wool, on the floorboard placed in November and renew= ed in the spring.so he agrees with Manley. He, Manley, suggests small shoe polish type tins, with several large holes in the lid, containing cotton wool and one ounce of salicylate. He found this rather ineffective in co= ld weather and preferred a small bottle, standing up at the back on the floorboard, with a wick. Have fun. Sid P. ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 09:03:57 -0500 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Joel Govostes Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" As Sid has mentioned, the sure diagnosis of acarine requires examination of the prothoracic tracheae. When tracheal mites first appeared on the scene here in NY, back in the '80's, we saw large-scale colony losses during the winters. In fact it was difficult to keep established apiaries going, as so many colonies became decimated. Though I did not perform dissections or have bees sent to a lab for analysis, the symptoms were quite marked, including large numbers of dead bees fully clogging the entrances, and clusters which appeared to have "exploded" (scattered through the hive, no tight cluster despite cold temperatures). Often there would be practically no bees left in the hives at all, and the majority of the winter stores still remaining. Added to this, crawling bees all over the ground before the hives were common, sometimes even in cold weather. Some colonies would pull through to spring with tiny clusters, and I remember arriving at certain yards in springtime and finding crawling bees scattered across the ground many yards from the apiary. The "K-wing" appearance would be obvious on many of the crawlers. These symptoms occurred during the first few years of the acarine problem here. I have not noticed them over the past 4-5 years, and wintering success has vastly improved. I no longer expect to find colonies showing these symptoms, and hopefully the susceptible stock has been weeded out over the years. It certainly was disheartening to have to clean out so many heavy but dead hives every spring. Question is, were these telltale signs of acarine infestation, or maybe signs of secondary infections (nosema or ?) which occurred due to the stress caused by acarine? Or in other words, can a high tm infestation exist without those symptoms, and could there be other symptoms pointing to acarine? We seem to have gotten over that hurdle, anyway, even if it took a number of years. In the meantime, of course the ugly varroa showed up, and it has been another novel problem to deal with...! Regards, JG ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 22:32:22 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Computer Software Solutions Ltd Subject: Honey bee history Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi All This may be a tad off topic but I must put the question as it is puzzling me. I am presently reading 'The Hive and the Honey Bee' edited by Dadant & Sons which gives an interesting history of the honeybee and how it was transported from various countries in the Old World to the New World mostly during the last century. It says for example, that the first honeybees were landed in Australia at Sydney in 1822, and W.C. Cotton took the first consignment from England to New Zealand in 1842. What I am wondering about is how did the bees survive what was probably 6 weeks at sea.? How did they feed, were they confined to the hives, or did they just move queens and if so how did they survive.? Thanks for any help. Sincerely Tom Barrett 49 South Park Foxrock Dublin 18 Ireland e mail: cssl@iol.ie ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 22:27:10 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Patrick & Mary Caldwell Subject: Poison Pollen? MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit Hi all... I read an article in the American Bee Journal a while back about "poison pollen," listing plants whose pollen is poisonous to bees. I recently re-read the article, and noticed that I have one of them in my backyard: Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens). As I am planning on putting two bee hives in my yard in the spring, should I be concerned about having this plant? Should I remove it, or will the bees possibly ignore it if there is other "more attractive" pollen available to them? Thanks in advance for your help! Mary Caldwell Benicia, CA A new beekeeper in '98! MPCEnterprises@mci2000.com ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 22:28:42 +1000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: j h & e mcadam Subject: Re: harvesting with the new moon? Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" >I know several folks that preferred to do nothing during a "FULL MOON" in >Southeast Asia and I suspect that would include honey gathering. Some >superstitions result from facts associated with different purposes and like a >government policy (error repeated over time), they stick with us. In any >event, do bees react differently during phases of the moon? 2 years ago we bought 50 hives from an extremely laid-back Australian beekeeper. He recommended leaving hives alone during the full moon on the theory that there was an increase in honey flow during this time and robbing the hives then disturbed the pattern. He only opened the hives once every 4 weeks, just after the full moon. My feeling is that the timing suited his personal lifestyle. He sold the hives because of back problems rather than lack of honey production. Local beekeepers have told me that when the Sugar Gum really yields (Eucalyptus Cladocalyx) the bees will work the blossoms by moonlight. Sugar Gum yields every year but approximately 1 in 3 is supposed to be a bumper year. Hasn't happened yet over the last 5 years but there's always hope. Betty McAdam HOG BAY APIARY Penneshaw, Kangaroo Island j.h. & e. mcadam Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Pollinator Organization: AOL (http://www.aol.com) Subject: Re: Poison Pollen? Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7bit In a message dated 97-12-07 03:23:04 EST, mpcenterprises@mci2000.com (Patrick & Mary Caldwell) writes: << I read an article in the American Bee Journal a while back about "poison pollen," listing plants whose pollen is poisonous to bees. I recently re-read the article, and noticed that I have one of them in my backyard: Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens). As I am planning on putting two bee hives in my yard in the spring, should I be concerned about having this plant? >> We have an abundance of jasmine (that's what it is called around here). Most years the bees do not touch it. This past spring it seemed there was more jasmine bloom than I have seen in years. But I never saw any bee activity on it. When it is a poor spring, with few nectar sources, the bees will sometimes work it. Then you will see some poisoned brood. It has never been serious, and the bees always recover okay. The later ti ti bloom is more serious, as this is a major nectar plant. But we've not seen that to ever be fatal, either. The worst you see is a patch or two of dead brood, and that never as bad as a minor pesticide hit. So, one plant in your back yard should not be a serious worry. Pollinator@aol.com Dave Green Hemingway, SC USA The Pollination Scene: http://users.aol.com/pollinator/polpage1.html Jan's Sweetness and Light Shop (Varietal Honeys and Beeswax Candles) http://users.aol.com/SweetnessL/sweetlit.htm ========================================================================= Date: Sat, 6 Dec 1997 08:22:17 -0600 Reply-To: cspacek@flash.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: curtis spacek Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I would be interested to know if you have lost any hives since you began using this method.I personally have been using terra-patties(home made) and have yet to find a single mite in any of my three hives.I have a full comb of drone comb which i rotate between the hives and remove when capped for inspection. ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 10:15:11 +0000 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Richard Drutchas Subject: 6 dimensional bee dance MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I was told that on National Public Radio the other night there was an interview with a Barb Shiffer a math prof. from somewhere. Apparently she has discovered that the bee dance can be discribed by some 6 dimensional geometry equation. Did anyone catch this program that can discribe what she was talking about? ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 18:54:07 -0800 Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: nick Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Excerpts from BEE-L wrote: > Dr Rodriguez has produced some excellant information on the use of Food Grade Mineral Oil against varroa, but I wonder if anyone has tried plant oils such as sunflower or rapeseed? If these were suitable it would remove any concerns over human consumption. Dr Nick Mawby Staffordshire UK ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 21:42:36 GMT Reply-To: Discussion of Bee Biology Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: Computer Software Solutions Ltd Subject: Introducing Ripe Queen Cells Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Hi All I am a first year beekeeper. I have come across procedures in beekeeping books which call for introducing ripe queen cells into colonies. I cannot recall having seen a procedure for actually doing this. I have not yet seen a queen cell in one of my beehives. I do not know what a ripe cell looks like. I do know, that the queen cells are somewhat acorn like, and may be in the centre of combs if they are supercedure cells, or on the bottom of combs if they are swarming cells. What exactly does one do, to remove the cell without damage from the colony in which it starts, and then how does one 'affix' it to the colony into which it is to be introduced. Is there a preferred time of day to do this, what are the chances of success, and how does one guard against failure?. If anybody can help I would be most grateful as I intend to have a go at some queen rearing next year. I am located just outside Dublin Ireland and it is now a very cold and wet winter. Beekeeping will recommence here next April. Many thanks Sincerely Tom Barrett 49 South Park Foxrock Dublin 18 Ireland e mail: cssl@iol.ie ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 19:47:40 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: Re: Acarine and Oil of Wintergreen MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Sid: There are things that change in this world of ours, especially in the medical and veterinary fields. Any one who at this day and age believes that be mites can be lived with without treatment definitely belongs in one of the following classifications: 1. He/she knows nothing about bee mites, especially Varroa. 2. He/she is not a beekeeper, if he/she is, he/she better quit beekeeping to avoid bankruptcy. 3. He/she likes disappointments. 4. He/she should start reading more recent literature on bee mites. As stated before, it is okay to express one's personal opinions in democratic countries, however, to poke fun at a subject which is so significant to the future of beekeeping in particular and humanity in general, is insincere. In my humble opinion, we need to assume a more responsible attitude regarding bee mites. Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 20:28:46 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: Re: mites! MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Dr. Mawby: There is no doubt in my mind that vegetable oils would work on bee mites in a similar manner as mineral oil since the physiologic/biologic principles would be the same for both. I have made that assumption clear in my earlier dissertations on the subject with the following reasons for selection of mineral oil: 1. vegetable oils have tendency to degrade (by oxidation, bacterial action) leaving behind a sort of acrid odor within the colony while the same is not true with FGMO. 2. FGMO is approved for use in food handling and medical use thus eliminating having to ask permission (and perhaps not obtaining it) for the use of other substances. Hence the choice of FGMO was due to technical considerations as well as legal. I appreciate your concern and thank you for your counseling. Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 20:41:34 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: Re: Poison Pollen? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Mary: I have no specific personal knowledge regarding poisonous pollen. However, a visiting friend from Northern Virginia once told me that they have a "japanese" flowering tree in their yard that attracts insects by the hundreds and that they think that the tree is poisonous because they see "piles" of insects that drop dead under the tree while it is in bloom. The insects stop dieting soon as there are no more flowers. I think that it is logic to assume that such tree is toxic to insects! Sincerely. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA ========================================================================= Date: Sun, 7 Dec 1997 20:48:42 -0500 Reply-To: dronebee@norfolk.infi.net Sender: Discussion of Bee Biology From: "\\Dr. Pedro P. Rodriguez" Organization: Independent non-profit research Subject: St. Amrbrose, Bee Patron Saint anniversary. MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Dear Beekeepers: Not too long ago we spoke about our patron saint on this list. For those who are not aware of it, TODAY, is the anniversary of our patron saint. May all of us be blessed by his wisdom and attributed powers with honey bees. Hail to our patron saint.* (*) no offense meant for anyone who may not believe in sainthood. Best regards. Dr. Rodriguez Virginia Beach, VA