To receive a hard copy, please e-mail <asfisher@aol.com>
Thanks,
Andy Fisher
Coordinator
CFS Coalition
Po Box 209
Venice CA 90294
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First Round of Community Food Projects Grants Awarded
The first round of the Community Food Projects (Community Food Security A=
ct) program has been a resounding success. During July and August, USDA p=
rogram administrators were flooded with calls requesting applications, de=
monstraing the high level of interest in the program. About 130 applicati=
ons were received by USDA, far exceeding the program administrators' expe=
ctations. Of the 121 eligible proposals totalling $21 million in requests=
, 13 grants summing $1 million were awarded (see page 7 for a list). =
This response is especially impressive in light of the short time period =
applicants were given to prepare their proposals. The release of the Requ=
ests for Proposals (RFP) did not go out until late July due to a last min=
ute change in the program's administrative venue from Food and Consumer S=
ervices to Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Services =
(CSREES), leaving grant writers only a month to write their proposals. =
The proposals were wide ranging both in terms of geographical origin and=
character of the applicant organization. There was significant represent=
ation from all regions of the country, with the greatest number coming f=
rom the South and the Northeast. While roughly half of the proposals were=
submitted by anti-hunger and anti-poverty organizations, such as food ba=
nks, anti-hunger coalitions, and community action agencies, community gar=
dening and agriculture related organizations also acted as lead agencies =
on a substantial portion. =
Due to a ruling by USDA lawyers that moneys for years two and three of a =
multi-year grant be subtracted from the first year's allocation, projects=
with large budgets that would command a significant portion of the avail=
able funds did not receive awards, or their awards were substantially low=
er than requested. Grant size was modest, ranging from a low of $31,000=
to a high of $163,000. =
A peer review panel, comprised of "experts" from the academic, anti-hung=
er, food system, sustainable agriculture, and nutrition fields, provided =
input into the quality of the proposals, helping CSREES to select the bes=
t ones. Panelists and USDA administrators have agreed that the selection =
process was exemplary. According to one panelist, "I was really impresse=
d by the commitment and professionalism of USDA staff and the whole proce=
ss in general." =
In addition, the program despite its small size has commanded substantial=
interest from the upper echelons of USDA. Site visits to the awardees by=
the Secretary and Undersecretaries are already being scheduled. Secretar=
y Dan Glickman noted, "In the fight against hunger, there is not a one si=
ze fits all solution. These grants will enable 13 communities to implemen=
t their own ideas for helping their neighbors." =
Next Year
The CFS Coalition has advocated for changes in the 1997 RFP to facilitate=
the application process. Possible changes include smaller grant maximums=
($100,000/year or $250,000 for three years), and planning grant and tec=
hnical assistance grant categories. USDA hopes to begin the process much =
earlier next year, possibly releasing RFPs during January. Applicants wil=
l probably be given two to three months to write their proposals, with de=
cisions finalized during late spring/early summer. =
Those persons that received 1996 RFPs will be mailed the 1997 version as =
soon as it is available. If you have not received one previously, please =
contact CSREES Proposal Services Branch at 202-401-5048 to get on their m=
ailing list. Keep in touch with the Coalition office for updated informat=
ion as to release dates. =
Technical assistance
In order to strengthen groups' capacity to develop successful community f=
ood security projects, both in and outside the context of this grants pro=
gram, the Coalition is in the process of creating a training and technica=
l assistance program. Workshops will be held regionally and in conjunctio=
n with a variety of conferences beginning in January, 1997. For more info=
rmation on hosting such a workshop or one near you, please contact our of=
fice. =
WELFARE REFORM: 4 PERSPECTIVES
Kate Fitzgerald, Executive Director, Sustainable Food Center, Austin, TX
My friend Epi is not too worried about welfare reform." The programs are =
always changing. Sometimes the changes are supposed to make the program b=
etter, but they are never enough. I have arthritis. I try to aguantar, t=
o support the pain and not to depend on medicine but sometimes in the win=
ter I have to take a Tylenol. The illness will never go away. The medici=
ne makes it a little easier but it does not cure the illness. The arthrit=
is controls what I do, how much I can achieve."
Being on welfare is a lot like painkillers for arthritis. People have to =
take the medicine because they have no control over the disease. They are=
the victims of the economic malaise of America. This illness in our coun=
try prevents people from being able to get jobs that pay enough to suppor=
t a family, it makes supermarkets move away from our neighborhoods and ho=
uses cost too much for a working person to afford. Food stamps and AFDC h=
elp soften the pain, but government assistance programs do not do anythin=
g to "cure the sickness." To really make life better, government program=
s would address the root causes of hunger and would help the local econom=
ies of our communities so that people need not live the half-life that is=
existence on welfare. That would be a real reforma.
Epifania Salazar is very close to my heart. She is fifty-two, has raised =
one family, was widowed, and now has a six year old daughter she is raisi=
ng alone. Epi is intelligent, honorable and willing to work at anything s=
he can, given her sometimes severe arthritis. She has always worked, but =
she is now caught in a conundrum. There are not any jobs she can get to i=
n Austin without a car which pay enough to support her and her daughter. =
She has to rely on government assistance so that she and little Maria Gua=
dalupe do not starve. =
"The United States is a good country and a strong country, but sometimes =
it seems that everything is getting bigger and better, but not for us who=
live on the Eastside." Epi's right. Austin is growing by leaps and bound=
s. The area's population will double in the next twenty years and new sub=
divisions, supermarkets, and Walmarts are pushing back the bounds of Texa=
s' Hill Country. But East Austin has lost resources in the last ten years=
=2E There used to be five strong supermarkets in the area and several go=
od grocery stores. Now there are only two supermarkets and the last famil=
y-owned grocery store on the Eastside closed last winter. The old food st=
ores have been replaced by convenience stores. There are 38: all of them =
sell tobacco and alcohol, but only 19 sell milk and only five have all th=
e ingredients a family needs to make a balanced meal. And their prices ar=
e high.
"One of the best things that happened to us who live in Chalmers Courts i=
n the last year was El Jardin Alegre. With the (community) garden we can =
grow our own food in our own neighborhood. It is ours. This summer there =
were more tomatoes and squash than we could eat. I made enough salsa for =
a year and still there was more left. We were rich. Next year we may sell=
some of the vegetables at the farmers' market. My friend Lourdes wants t=
o start a nursery at the community garden. Do you know, the Eastside does=
not have a nursery. Everyone has a little jardincito, but they do not bu=
y their seeds or plants here--- we have to go to the rich neighorhoods to=
buy everything."
It is time for real welfare reform. No more painkillers. Real treatment f=
or one of the limitations of capitalism-- that rational behavior to maxim=
ize profit can take a heavy social toll. A legitimate role of government=
is to correct for these shortcomings which rob low-income neighborhoods =
of economic resources and leave their residents victims. Concentration of=
ownership in the food industry has wreaked havoc on low income consumers=
who have fallen back on government assistance programs which do nothing =
to rebuild the resources these communities have lost. Federal programs ju=
st dull the pain-- for awhile.
Welfare reform is an unparalleled opportunity for community food security=
=2E It is the opening for a new approach to fighting and ending hunger. W=
e all know that the existing food programs have been inadequate, and low =
funding was not the only reason why. America is looking for solutions and=
we think we have the answer, at least in the arena of food. Now is our c=
hance to show that a little money spent on increasing the capacity of com=
munities to access, grow, and maybe process their own food can not only b=
reak the cycle of individual dependency, but also spark microenterprises.=
=
It is not asking too much that public programs solve economic problems. I=
n fact, if we are serious about ending hunger, addressing the fundamental=
economic problems in poor communities is what we are going to have to do=
=2E
Lynn Parker, Director of Child Nutrition Programs and Nutrition Policy, F=
ood Research and Action Center ( FRAC)
Let's start with the facts. The welfare reform legislation that just pass=
ed the Congress and was signed into law by President Clinton will mean th=
at the poorest people in this country will be more insecure than ever abo=
ut how they will get enough food to feed themselves and their families. T=
he possible ramifications of the welfare reform law are sad and scary. Am=
ong the most deleterious impacts is that adults from 18 to 50 years old W=
HO do not have children will be punished for not being able to find or ke=
ep jobs in an economy that, less and less, provides secure jobs for unski=
lled workers. In addition more poor women with children will find themsel=
ves with no way to buy enough food.
Is this a "sea change" in our country? Put a different way-- Do Americans=
no longer believe that the government has a responsibility to ensure tha=
t people are not hungry through no fault of their own? I find it very har=
d to believe that our nation's long-term bi-partisan support of federal f=
ood assistance is over. In fact, I strongly believe that some of these cu=
ts will be restored, and that the child nutrition programs will continue =
to grow. However, many people will still suffer from hunger because of in=
adequate financial resources. =
The response to this situation will have to be four-fold-- increased assi=
stance from charitable institutions; united efforts to restore federal fu=
nding deductions; creative work with state legislatures to make up for th=
e great losses in food resources; and community based food security effor=
ts.
Yes-- soup kitchens and food pantries will have to expand as far as they =
can to meet the increased need, and they need our support. The people who=
operate emergency feeding sites in our communities could not have made i=
t more clear to Congress and the President that they will not be able to =
meet the increased need that will result from the welfare reform bill as =
it passed, but they will stretch as far as they can to meet more people's=
needs. =
In the final analysis, the federal government is the only entity in our s=
ociety that has both the ability and the resources to provide the kind of=
comprehensive and equitable safety net we need for the most vulnerable i=
n our midst. Many in Congress and around the country will be pushing in 1=
997 to restore the cutbacks made in the food assistance programs and chan=
ge polices that will hurt people with low incomes. Their efforts will pro=
bably not be fully successful-- but they have the potential for making si=
gnificant progress because many in our nation do not want their neighbors=
to be hungry. I also believe that as the changes go into effect people =
will begin to see and comprehend the terrible impacts that result. =
At the state level, as well, many state legislators, mayors, anti-hunger =
organizations and others will be working to make more food resources avai=
lable to the poor living in their boundaries. Finally, I believe that com=
munity-based activities that are often described as "food security" effor=
ts or "alternative strategies" can make a significant difference in peopl=
e's ability to purchase or obtain sufficient food.
In the longer term, there are major economic and political changes that w=
e must grapple with as communities and as a nation if we want to solve th=
e problem of hunger and food insecurity. We need to address the larger i=
ssues raised by leaders in the community food security community, such as=
how decisions should be made about the production and processing of the =
nation's food supply; what can be done to sustain our farmland; how to en=
sure the quality and safety of the food supply; and how to provide fair w=
ages for work.
However, my point is this-- let's not kid ourselves. The welfare reform l=
aw that just passed will further impoverish people. For the near future, =
"food security" activities are critical, but can't bring back sufficientl=
y large amounts of dollars soon enough. In the short term, we must work h=
ard to bring as much money back to people as we can and making federal nu=
trition programs available in more communities can help here. At the same=
time, we can work with others in our communities to rethink how food iss=
ues are handled at the local and national level. We can't afford to divid=
e ourselves into camps-- the "anti-hunger groups," the "food security gro=
ups," the "food banks," etc. If I were poor and hungry I would want to wo=
rk with others to get food for my family NOW, and plan and work together =
to prevent hunger for my family and others in the future.
Joyce Rothermel, Executive Director, Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Ba=
nk, McKeesport, PA
We have the biggest wallet in the industrialized world, but a far smaller=
will to share it with our children.
--Marian Wright Edelman
In the face of any change, there are two predictable emotions inside all =
of us that may step forward: one is hope and the other fear. Organizati=
onal responses may be light years away from that of individuals directly =
affected by the change. Food banking efforts now span the nation with the=
hope of becoming the strongest private sector safety net possible supply=
ing over 50,000 community based food pantries, soup kitchens, after schoo=
l programs, and shelter programs. The holes in the federal government's =
policies have gotten bigger through cuts in funding and shifts in nationa=
l priorities. The private sector efforts have not and are not able to ke=
ep up with the legitimate needs of the economically disadvantaged.
As a food banker, I am one player among many in the state of Pennsylvania=
where the vision for the future in the wake of the recent welfare change=
s is still fuzzy. Avenues for communication are open and all are being i=
nvited to surface our fears and work together for hope to emerge. This m=
eans concrete action plans need to be laid to work with each other in ass=
isting those impacted by the policy changes on the federal and state leve=
ls to improve their quality of life.
Is the private sector ready for this responsibility shift from tax dollar=
s and government initiatives to private funding, education, job training =
and job opportunities for those on the economically disadvantaged end of =
the spectrum in our communities? If the prevailing attitudes that brough=
t about these changes in welfare policies are respectful of persons who a=
re sometimes poor and cannot successfully economically compete to care fo=
r their own needs and that of their families, these same attitudes will m=
ove us as a society to accomplish in the private sector what sometimes fa=
iled with past policies. If, however, and this is my greatest fear, that=
prevailing attitudes that sparked these changes have little regard for t=
he plight of people who are economically disadvantaged (who most often ar=
e children who cannot work), their plight will be even worse under the ne=
w policies. There is perhaps a window of opportunity before us to help s=
hatter myths commonly believed about welfare recipients. As policy chang=
es are implemented, the media should be invited to focus on the lives of =
people impacted by the changes. Putting faces on those who are economica=
lly disadvantaged help us relate to each other and real life situations =
more honestly and respond more positively.
Equipped with our food bank mission for the elimination of hunger and col=
laborative strategies that encourage self-reliance, we plan to work as co=
operatively as possible with our local welfare department and other organ=
izational players to provide a strong safety net with our network of food=
assistance providers. With the drastic cuts to the food stamp program,=
we anticipate that more people will be turning more often to food assist=
ance providers in the network we supply. Identifying sufficient food sup=
plies will be a challenge we face in partnership with the local community=
, the food industry and our national partner, Second Harvest. We will a=
rticulate to the public through the media and our own communication chann=
els with our supporters and funders what we are doing in response to what=
we are seeing in terms of need. We hope to continue our farm, community=
gardens, farm stands, and nutrition education efforts that invite low in=
come people to become more involved in the procurement and control of the=
ir daily nutritional needs. =
Finally, we will continue to form and develop working relationships with =
our public policy makers to encourage public sector responsibility for th=
e general welfare of U.S. residents including, the right to food. We bel=
ieve without the government doing its fair share with responsible welfare=
policies, we will fall short in achieving our mission, the elimination o=
f hunger. The fruit of the current experiment will be in the quality of =
life of our country's most vulnerable residents.
Michael Salinas, Hunger Task Force of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI
President Clinton's support of the welfare reform bill seems like "politi=
cs as usual." One has to wonder whether his signing of Public Law 104-93 =
, for all its black holes, was more of a case of political expediency tha=
n a firm philosophical belief from the President. Although federal food a=
nd nutrition programs dodged a bullet by escaping the horror of block gra=
nts, troubling times are ahead. Our nation repeals, rather than reforms i=
ts 60 year old commitment to provide modest income support through the AF=
DC program and turns over to states in the form of block grants most poli=
cy making and all funding control. Equally devastating are the across th=
e board reductions in food stamp benefits to over 23 million recipients a=
nd the termination of benefits to over a million legal immigrants and chi=
ldless adults. Our nation has promised to take care of its children. Cuts=
in the Summer Food, School Breakfast and Child and Adult Care Food Progr=
ams, our nation's nutritional safety net, severely contradicts that promi=
se.
With these changes, anti-hunger advocates on the front line of the fight =
against hunger are bracing for the unexpected. Although the impact of wel=
fare reform on our already over-burdened emergency food distribution syst=
em is yet unknown, anti-hunger advocates fear the worst. Clearly, if we a=
re going to advocate for families and children, food pantry and meal prog=
ram providers will need to work together to develop consistent measuremen=
ts of impact and prepare strategies to handle the load. =
While these are important questions to be addressed, there is one deeper =
fundamental question: How much longer can our dedicated volunteers and ad=
vocates keep operating in crisis mode? An aging volunteer force, combined=
with a limited capacity to handle an increased demand for assistance, co=
uld very well break this fragile system. As a result, communities will be=
asked to dig deeper into their pockets. And our current predicament will=
cause us to temporarily retreat into a more defensive stance.
Anti-hunger advocates need to maintain the offensive by building and prom=
oting community food security. Community food security can be reached thr=
ough a collaborative effort to attack food insecurity by attacking its pr=
imary cause-- poverty. Food insecurity is a symptom of a community diseas=
e, and its effects go far beyond the food system and into housing, educat=
ion, environment, agriculture, nutrition, and the economy. To find a cure=
for this disease means to attain food security by attacking its primary =
cause and involving the various sectors of the community in its solution.=
Only then can we reduce the burden on our emergency food system, a syste=
m that is not the cure but the aspirin to relieve the pain.
An efficient emergency food distribution system is only one important pie=
ce in building hunger-free communities. Advocates must now increase resou=
rces and efforts which develop and promote community food security initia=
tives. These initiatives will reduce dependency on the emergency food sys=
tem, promote self-reliance, and most importantly assist in restoring hope=
to millions of Americans who are forced to sacrifice their pride and dig=
nity to relieve their hunger. =
My challenge to everyone reading this article is to increase efforts to =
attain community food security. Create additional community gardens and f=
armers markets in those areas which are lacking. Transform food pantries =
into holistic programs to encourage self-reliance, and provide nutrition =
education and job employment assistance. Combine food and nutrition progr=
ams with job training and youth employment. Create low income centered co=
mmunity supported agriculture farms. Develop a micro-credit lending progr=
am for food-related microbusinesses. Encourage supermarket development in=
the inner city and foster livable wage job opportunities in food manufac=
turing. Recognize that to do all this means we must understand the food s=
ystem as it relates to low income people and create unique business-phila=
nthropic-university- government-nonprofit partnerships to attack those ro=
ot conditions which cause and perpetuate hunger. These types of strategie=
s can help bring us closer to community food security. =
Conferences:
Michael Fields Sixth Annual Rural-Urban Conference, East Troy, WI. Nov 8-=
10, 1996. Contact: Gail Kahovic, 414-642-3303.
Just Food Alliance annual meeting, New York City Dec. 7-8, 1996. Contact:=
Kathy Lawrence, 212-666-2138.
California Sustainable Ag Working Group annual meeting Dec. 7-8, Santa Cr=
uz, CA Contact: Kai Siedenburg, 408-457-2815.
Southern Sustainable Ag Working Group Conference. January, 16-18, 1997. G=
ainesville, FL. Contact: Jean Mills, 205-333-8504 or FL Organic Growers, =
352-377-6345.
California Farm Conference, Riverside, CA February 23-25, 1997. Contact: =
Mary Lou Weiss, 310-618-2930.
Northeast Regional Partnership for Food Security conference. March 13-14=
, 1997. Hartford, CT Contact: Mark Winne, 860-296-9325.
Resources
Farmers' Market Outlook
An attractively designed and intelligent bi-monthly dedicated to local a=
nd seasonal food, direct marketing issues, recipes, and farming issues in=
California. $20/year. Contact: Mark Thompson, 310-673-8366.
Gardening Curriculum
Food Works is an non-profit educational consulting firm that works with e=
lementary schools to focus their curriculum on food security, stewardship=
of the environment and community service. For more information call (80=
2) 223-1515 or e-mail at RootsNet@Plainfied.bypass.com.
Youth Gardening
The National Gardening Association is offering grants of tools, seeds, an=
d garden products valued at $500 to youth gardening projects. Application=
s are due by Nov. 15, 1996. Contact: NGA, 802-863-1308
Food System =
A comprehensive guide to developing a food policy organization is availab=
le from the Local Food System Project. Contact Jan O'Donnell, 612-644-203=
8
Holiday Basket
Food for All is offering a holiday basket of food items produced by commu=
nity non-profit enterprises, such as Food from the Hood and San Francisco=
League of Urban Gardeners. Order by Nov. 15. $35 + shipping. Contact: Fo=
od for All, 800-786-6638. =
Food Access Report
The California Food Access Report is a very informative monthly publicati=
on on nutrition policy, food security, and other food and health related=
issues. N/C. Contact: Sharon Eghigian, Cal-Neva CAA, 916-443-1721.
Position Available
SEEDS, a community gardening organization in Durham, NC has an opening fo=
r its Executive Director. Contact: Brenda Brodie for more information, 91=
9-493-2447
The following projects received funding from the Community Food Projects =
program (Community Food Security Act) for fiscal year 1996-1997. =
Community Alliance with Family Farm Foundation, Davis, CA. $45,000
=A5 CSA partnership between family farmers and two low-income Latino comm=
unity development groups to provide marketing outlets for small-scale far=
mers.
Southland Farmers' Market Association, Los Angeles, CA. $64,000
=A5 Trains community gardeners in production techniques, small business m=
anagement, and produce-marketing, as well as generates economic developme=
nt opportunities.
Denver Urban Gardens, Denver, CO. $163,000
=A5 Expands community gardens, establishes a community food council, dev=
elops a livestock center, initiates a CSA program, and begins an entrepre=
neurial program for low-income youths and homeless citizens.
Kauai Food Bank, Lihue, HI. $79,000
=A5Expands the food bank's farming capacity, marketing produce to hotels =
and tourist resorts.
The Community Kitchen of Monroe County, Bloomington, IN. $40,000
=A5 Trains tenants of public housing to produce food and to increase inco=
me by selling produce and value-added products at local stores and restau=
rants. =
Loyola University, New Orleans, LA. $148,000
=A5 Establishes a partnership between rural growers and inner city dwelle=
rs to cultivate small businesses from a thriving farmers market. =
Coastal Enterprises, Inc., Wiscasset, ME. $113,000
=A5 Develops an urban and rural food policy council and creates several n=
ew projects including farmers markets, community gardens, and educational=
projects.
Nuestras Raices, Inc., Holyoke, MA. $89,000
=A5 Combines a greenhouse classroom, children's garden projects, food far=
m awareness, micro-enterprise development with kitchens, and micro-proces=
sing to create value-added products for retail sale.
The Food Project, Inc., Lincoln, MA. $120,000
=A5 Creates a youth-run food system including farms and farmers' market.
Missoula Nutrition Resources, Missoula, MT. $99,000
=A5 Develops a community farm and neighborhood and backyard gardens using=
sustainable agriculture methods. =
Knoxville-Knox County Community Action Committee, Knoxville, TN. $31,000
=A5 Creates a green market, provides"veggie vouchers" for WIC recipients=
, establishes community gardens, and encourages restaurants to purchase l=
ocal produce, increases summer food program sites, and develops a data ba=
se to monitor performance of the food system.
Institute for Washington's Future, Seattle, WA. $69,000
=A5 Creates opportunities for low-income area residents to gain organic f=
arming and business skills and subsequent access to farmable land. =
Lightstone Foundation, Moyers, WV $50,000
=A5 Improve access to locally grown food, increases economic opportunitie=
s for low-income households, and supports local diversified farms.
Community Community Food Security Coalition
Food =
Security =
News Fall 1996
Editor: Andy Fisher
CFS News is a quarterly publication of the CFS Coalition. The CFS Coaliti=
on's mission is to promote comprehensive systems-oriented solutions to th=
e nation's food and farming problems. It conducts policy advocacy ; provi=
des technical assistance to organizations iplementing food security rela=
ted programs; organizes regional coalitions; maintains a clearinghouse an=
d database; conducts research and publishes reports; educates the public =
and professionals through the media , conferences, and newsletters.
Community food security (CFS) is defined as "all persons obtaining at all=
times a culturally acceptable nutritionally adequate diet through local =
non-emergency sources." A CFS approach emphasizes the need to build commu=
nity institutions to ensure access and availability for community residen=
ts. Thus, food security must be seen as a question of community developme=
nt and empowerment which complements and extends the traditional view of =
addressing hunger issues at the individual level.
Steering committee: =
Andy Fisher, Los Angeles; Kate Fitzgerald, Sustainable Food Center Austin=
, TX; Robert Gottlieb, UCLA Dept. of Urban Planning, Los Angeles; Hugh Jo=
seph, Boston, MA; Kathy Ozer, National Family Farm Coalition, Washington;=
Duane Perry, Reading Terminal Farmers' Market, Philadelphia, PA; Lorette=
Picciano, Rural Coalition, Washington; Michael Salinas, Hunger Task Forc=
e of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI; Kai Siedenburg, CA SAWG, Santa Cruz, CA; =
Zy Weinberg, Public Voice, Washington; Mark Winne, Hartford Food System, =
Hartford, CT;
PO Box 209, Venice, CA 90294. 310-822-5410. E-mail: asfisher@aol.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
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Thanks to Jeremy Nave for newsletter design.
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